...Studies MSIT-Mt Gravatt Dear Ms Turner Please find enclosed/attached the report which you requested on the 4 June 2012 for assessment in the units QLD594JUS01A- Analyse Social Justice Issues and BSBRES401- Analyse and Present Research Information. The aim of the research was to investigate /analyse/identify the Consumption of alcohol at harmful levels among young people which increasing in Australia. This report presents the findings of this investigation and is based on an analysis of both primary and secondary source data including the results of a survey prepared and conducted by Mr. Tricker the writer of the report. This report includes a number of recommendations to assist in addressing the issues raised in the research. I express my gratitude to the participants who completed the survey and who provided valuable input into this research. I look forward to discussing these recommendations with you and will be available to do so at a time convenient to you. Yours faithfully, Kieran Tricker Student, the Diploma of Justice Administration Program MSIT-2012 A report which outlines that Consumption of alcohol at harmful levels among young people is increasing in Australia. By Kieran Tricker Student of MSIT QLD594JUS01A- Analyse Social Justice Issues and BSBRES401- Analyse and Present Research Information. 4 June 2012 Table of contents Introduction ...
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...EXAMINE THE INFLUENCE OF MARKETING AND ADVERTISING BY THE ALCOHOL INDUSTRY ON YOUNG PEOPLE’S ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Research prepared for the World Health Organization by the Centre for Social Marketing at the University of Strathclyde Emma Cooke, Gerard Hastings and Susan Anderson March 2002 Acknowledgements For acquisition and translation of international data: Jill Bain, Marina Biniari, Liliana Carcamo and Ingrid Kajzer. For comments on the final draft: Anne Marie MacKintosh For administrative support: Kathryn Angus and Aileen Paton. CONTENTS Page No 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY 2 3.0 METHODOLOGY 4 4.0 RESULTS 7 4.1 Advertising 7 4.1.1 Econometric Studies 7 4.1.2 Consumer Studies 11 4.2 Other Forms of Marketing 15 4.3 Developing and Transitional Countries 21 REFERENCES 25 1.0 INTRODUCTION At the World Health Organization Ministerial Conference on Young People and Alcohol in Stockholm (February 2001) considerable concern was expressed about the nature and pervasiveness of advertising and marketing by the alcohol industry. Explicit examples were shown of alcohol promotion exploiting the themes of sexual, sporting and lifestyle success, often in direct violation of advertising codes. Furthermore, many of the advertising examples displayed images of excessive consumption. In addition, the Conference noted that marketing stretches...
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...Rising alcohol consumption is a cause for concern. This evidence review summarises interesting trends in drinking in the UK and discusses possible causes. Key points There has been a slight overall decline in weekly drinking by men and women in Great Britain in recent years, especially amongst adults aged 16-24. But there has been a notable increase in weekly drinking in Northern Ireland since 1986. Average units of alcohol consumed by men and women in Great Britain have increased since 1992. For women over 25 this increase has been marked. However, consumption by men aged 16-24 has fallen since 2000. Since 1998, there has been a general increase in drinking over recommended weekly limits, especially for women. Among men aged 16-24 drinking over weekly limits has decreased alongside overall consumption since 2000. In Northern Ireland, there has been a clear increase in both genders and especially in adults aged 18-24. Binge drinking levels (twice the recommended daily limit) have changed little between 1998 and 2006 in Great Britain. However, this masks an increase of 7 per cent in women – especially those over 25 – and a fall amongst men aged 16-24. There is some evidence that the proportion of drinkers under 16 has fallen slightly since 1988 in England, Northern Ireland and Scotland, though this is not consistent across boys and girls of different ages. Amongst those who do drink, average units consumed increased markedly between 1990 and 2006, with...
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...on the legal drinking age has been going on for many years. More mature adults say that the minimum legal drinking age should be kept at twenty-one. Young adults say that the minimum legal drinking age should be changed back to eighteen. There are many reasons that go behind the opinions of each. People believe that since the age of eighteen is the legal adult age in the United States of America that young adults should be able to make their own decisions on the consumptions of alcohol. Teens are still able to get alcohol due to parents, older siblings, friends, and other family members. Also, allowing eighteen to twenty year-olds to drink alcohol under supervision should lower the issue of underage drinking, and it will be good for the economy too. However, there are a lot of consequences that come with drinking at a younger age, such as eighteen year-olds have lower maturity than twenty-one year olds. Therefore, eighteens year-olds are more likely to get into negative alcohol and alcohol-related outcomes. With taking all opinions into consideration, you can see why this has been an ongoing debate on whether the minimum legal drinking age should be changed back to eighteen year-olds. I believe the debate should conclude on the prevision of allowing young adults to have the ability to make their own decisions upon alcohol consumption. Drew Saylor noted the effectiveness of the minimum legal drinking age, “The current push for lowering the MLDA centers on college campuses and...
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...adverts whether they influence the young generation decision to drink and smoke despite being illegal to sell alcohol or tobacco products to youths under 21 years. This is because many teenagers spend a significant part of the day watching television therefore coming across a few alcohol and tobacco adverts per day. This is one area where tobacco and alcohol industries have faced criticism leading to tightened legislation so as to avoid targeting of young people through these advertisements. Many people oppose the placing of these advertisements on television while some support it. Those who support it argue that most of these adverts do not target the young people, but they try to convince those people who are already drinkers and smokers to switch brands or drink responsibly. Companies that deal with these products are the ones who come up with such reasons so as to promote their industry. Others who support the placement of tobacco and alcohol adverts on television claim that these are legal substances so they should be aired any time. They also believe that the audience make their decision on whether to indulge in these substances or not because the commercials only inform people about the availability of these products and not telling them that they have to purchase these alcohol and tobacco products. Therefore, the decision to buy them entirely depends on the people. Besides, the adverts usually include a warning on the effects of consumption of such products. These advertisements...
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... ethical for retailers to intentionally promote alcohol to young adults? Why, or why not? Would your response vary according to type and/or quantity of alcohol being promoted? Subject TBS: MARK 936 Name of Subject: Consumer Behaviour Your student name: Prateek Arora Your student number: 4177794 Date: 27 February 2015 th Word Count: 1506 Introduction: There have been a lot of reports and problems being encountered by the society today due to the use of Alcohol, and these problems are specifically relating to alcohol consumption by young adults. Nevertheless, Castilla et al. (1999) in their study suggests that overall consumption of alcohol may be going down but the problem of excessive consumption of alcohol among young adolescents is increasingly taking place in the society. The promotion of alcohol by its manufacturers and retailers is an important factor as irresponsible drinking among young people makes its way towards anti-social behaviour and health problems. Considering alcohol manufacturing and distribution for retailers being a big business all over the world, it is essential for companies to stay ahead between the competition using innovative marketing strategies and campaigns. “There is an ongoing debate regarding the relationship between advertising and alcohol consumption and, importantly, the influence of this advertising on harmful drinking...
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...Its Scope Alcohol has been cited as the drug of choice among the youth (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), 2006). It is prevalent, enduring, and rampant across the majority of the different realms worldwide. Underage drinking is when anyone under the minimum legal drinking age drinks alcohol. Aside from being illegal, it is a widespread public health problem that poses much risk attracting many developing adolescents and teens. The use of alcohol is a worldwide concern resulting to millions of death, including hundreds of thousands of young lives lost. Indicators revealed that underage drinking seem to be on the rise among the adolescents. Statistics showed the assessment of the five-year trend of under-age drinking where out of 73 responding countries, 71 percent indicated an increase, 4 percent a decrease, 8 percent were stable and 16 percent showed inconclusive trends (World Health Organization [WHO] Global Survey on Alcohol and Health, 2011). According to the World Health Report (2002) alcohol is responsible for 4 percent of total diseases burden and 3.2 percent of all premature deaths. It is associated with more than 60 types of diseases and other health conditions, including mental disorders and suicide, several types of cancer, and other non- communicable diseases such as cirrhosis, as well as intentional and unintentional injuries. It is very dangerous and harmful for the health and well-being of people especially the young ones who are...
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...of Australians under 25 years is related to alcohol consumption. Fellow year 12 and Mrs Thomas there is much research showing the benefits of raising the legal drinking age in Australia from 18 to 21. I believe it is the right thing to do for the good of our health and the good of our futures. Young people are particularly vulnerable to the effects of heavy drinking. Excessive alcohol consumption affects how our young brains develop. Studies have shown that alcohol consumption negatively affects academic performance and can impair judgement resulting in risk taking behaviours, unsafe or unwanted sex or injury. Our brains continue to develop into our 20’s. Areas of the brain that undergo the most dramatic changes during adolescence are the frontal lobe and the hippocampus.These are areas of the brain that are associated with motivation,planning,judgement, decision making, language, impulse control and addiction. Aspects that heavily affect people of our age. Alcohol is a neurotoxin. Neurotoxins are substances that are poisonous or destructive to nerve tissue. In simple terms, alcohol poisons the brain. Excessive alcohol consumption at a young age interferes with vitamin B absorption; this prevents the brain from working properly. Professor John Toumbourou of the Deakin University School of Psychology says that ‘Alcohol causes permanent brain damage in young people, and raising the legal age will reduce not only youth alcohol problems but also other forms of drug use.’ ...
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...Interpretation of Data Assignment SPECIAL ISSUE: THE MESSAGE AND THE MEDIA Alcohol Portrayal on Television Affects Actual Drinking Behavio Analysis and Interpretation of Data Assignment Provide the hypothesis and predictions for your study: According to Engels et al. (2009) from the Journal Alcohol and Alcoholism state their hypothesis and the prediction as “Alcohol portrayal in movies and commercials is generally positive and might stimulate young people to drink”. The hypothesis and the prediction are in the abstract of the paper. If young people watch movies that are alcohol related or that promote alcohol consumption will be like to get into the habit of intake more alcohol. In the prediction it stated that ‘it might stimulate young people to drink’. Therefore, in the introduction Engels et al. (2009)also show the hypothesis in the first paragraph as “ whether or not alcohol portrayals and advertising have a causal effect on drinking behavior”, and the prediction in the third paragraph of the introduction as “however, exposure to alcohol on television may have direct effects on consumption”. It was a clever move to have written the hypothesis and the prediction apart in the introduction which keeps the reader will busy looking for the prediction in the introduction. Summarize the experimental design (i.e. how are they testing the hypothesis)? The sample was widely represented eighty (80) young men from the university, who were in the age bracket of 18 to 29 years...
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...The health agenda Health is constantly evolving and will relate to different things for different people (Jack & Holt, 2008). The paper uses the World Health Organization’s definition of health, which states that health is a stare of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing. The definition goes beyond other primary declaration of health as being the absence of disease. Health needs vary among individuals and groups in society mainly due to social class and wealth differences. Often, those living in the poorest social economic conditions also suffer greatest from health problems, and when dealing with such issues, it is important to embrace a holistic definition of public health. Here, the adequate explanation would be to take public health as a science and art of disease prevention and health promotion as ways of prolonging life. In that regard, health needs assessments are important when tackling public health issues for communities. The assessments help to identify new health priorities to reflect changing social circumstances, and results from previous public health approaches. In addition, assessments help to realign health interventions with changes in demographics, given that individuals may not belong to only one community; they can join different communities at separate times of their lives (Hien, et al., 2010). Alcohol misuse as a contemporary health issue Alcohol misuse is a serious health problem in the United Kingdom (UK). The worsening problem occurs mainly...
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...UK’s total ban on tobacco advertising and the potential future restrictions on alcohol advertising, critically review the debate between the strong or weak theories with regard to the effectiveness of advertising bans. The effectiveness of advertising bans has been a debated for many years. There are two dominant theories of the debate regarding the nature of how advertising works: the strong theory and the weak theory. The strong theory coined by John Philip Jones holds the belief that advertising exerts a powerful persuasive influence on consumer’s behaviour (Jones, 1990). In Contrast Andrew Ehrenberg developed the view of the weak theory of advertising. This view suggests that advertising reinforces rather than initiates consumer behaviour (Ehrenberg, 1992). These two theories have been discussed thoroughly by many theorists to understand how advertising works. Many countries have implemented restrictions in advertising for tobacco and have issued potential future restrictions for alcohol, with the objective that introducing an adverting ban would lower overall consumption. However, Studies analysing the effects of advertising being linked to consumption has led to two separate views on how advertising works and have led some to believe that advertising bans have no effect on overall consumption. The strong theory of advertising supports the belief that advertising has the power to persuade people who may not know of a brand or bought a product before to buy it. Also, that...
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...description of the relevant economic model...…………………………….5 4.0 A critical analysis of the key arguments……………………………………...6 4.1 Alcopops tax…………………….…………….…………….…………......6 4.2 Minimum pricing policy …………….…………….…………….…………7 4.3 Non-pricing policy…………….…………….…………….……….……….7 5.0 Conclusion...…………………………………………………………….……….8 6.0 Reference List……………………………………………………………….…..9 1.0 Introduction This report aims to cover the effectiveness of an alcopops tax in relation to deterring youth binge drinking in Australia. Reducing the levels of drinking, harmful drinking and alcohol problems among young people is crucial from economic and societal perspectives (Araoz, 2012). Therefore, it is important to contextualise youth binge drinking. Additionally, taking this a step further by presenting and describing an economic model, which illustrates a tax on producers bringing alcohol levels to a socially efficient consumption. Lastly, critically analysing strengths and limitations of an alternative pricing policy (minimum price) and non-pricing policy, which have been successful. 2.0 Setting the context The term 'binge drinking' generally refers to drinking heavily over a short period of time with the intention of becoming intoxicated, leading to various costs from an economic and societal perspective (Anderson, 2008). Negative social costs underlying youth binge drinking in Australia include interpersonal violence, drunk driving and lost economic productivity (NIAAA, 2000). Therefore...
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...“Alcohol consumption is the third leading cause of death in the United States” (Wechsler and Nelson 986). Just because something has been around for a long time doesn’t mean it has to change. For example, the legal minimum drinking age was set at 21 since 1984. Since 1984, “drinking and daily alcohol use have declined among young adults aged 18-20 years” (Wechsler and Nelson 987). This change was needed because alcohol consumption was a major threat to human health. Lowering the drinking age to 18 means that we are just ignoring what our history has presented us. It is common sense that alcohol is a major threat to general well-being. Allowing 18 year olds to legally buy and consume alcohol would simply allow them to harm themselves and others...
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...What are the options? pricing and taxation policy reforms to redress excessive alcohol consumption and related harms in australia natacha Carragher & Jenny Chalmers1 nsW Bureau of Crime statistics and research 1 Natacha Carragher, Research Fellow, ATCL, BSc(Hons), PhD. Jenny Chalmers Senior Research Fellow, BEc(Hons), MEc, PhD. Drug Policy Modelling Program, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales. Address for correspondence: Dr Natacha Carragher, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052. Tel: 02 9385 0249. Fax: 02 9385 0222. Email: n.carragher@unsw.edu.au 2011 Published by the NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research Attorney General’s Department Level 8 St James Centre 111 Elizabeth Street Sydney 2000 Australia Phone: +61 (2) 9231 9190 Fax: +61 (2) 9231 9187 Email: bcsr@agd.nsw.gov.au Website: www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au ISBN 978-1-921824-33-3 This report is available in pdf format on our website and may be provided in alternative formats. Please contact the Bureau on 02 9231 9190 or email us at bcsr@agd.nsw.gov.au © State of New South Wales through the Attorney General’s Department of NSW 2011. You may copy, distribute, display, download and otherwise freely deal with this work for any purpose, provided that you attribute the Attorney General’s Department of NSW as the owner. However, you must obtain permission if you wish to (a) charge others for access to the work (other than...
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...will look at the relationship between gambling and alcohol. The Research Question of this study is “How does the use of alcohol influence gambling, among young adults in Montreal?” The Research Hypothesis is “If a young adult in Montreal consumes alcohol while gambling, then they are more likely to be negatively effected.” The research method I used to gather my information was Surveys. The sample consisted of 93 young adults that live in Montreal. It was found that there was not a strong relationship that alcohol effects gambling behaviour negatively. The research hypothesis was not proven due to fact that there was no correlation between the two variables. Introduction Gambling and Alcohol are two big problems that society faces. For several years, these two agents, independent of each other, have separated families and ruined lives. Many young adults combine these the two agents, which has seen even more disastrous effects. In the study by David Giacopassi, B. Grant Stitt, and Margaret Vandiver, it was found that 54% of college students drank alcohol either “Occasionally”, “Frequently” or “Always”, when they were gambling. This study will look at Gambling and its relationship with alcohol. It will be looking to see what effect alcohol causes on those who are gambling. It will also compare this result with those who do not drink and gamble. Literature Review Alcohol Consumption and Self-Control of Gambling Behaviour The...
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