一、4P策略 4P是市场营销过程中可以控制的因素，也是企业进行市场营销活动的主要手段，对它们的具体运用,形成了最基本的企业的市场营销战略。4P是指产品product,价格price,地点place,促销promotion。 首先对于产品来说，要注意到产品的实体、服务、品牌和包装，具体来说产品是指企业提供给目标市场的货物和服务的集合,这其中包括产品的效用、质量、外观、式样、品牌、包装和规格，此外还包括服务和保证等因素。 作为价格则主要包括基本价格、折扣价格、付款时间、借贷条件等。它是指企业出售产品所追求的经济回报。 地点通常就包括分销渠道、储存设施、运输设施、存货控制，它代表企业为使其产品进入和达到目标市场所组织、实施的各种活动，包括途径、环节、场所、仓储和运输等。 促销的内容是指企业利用各种信息载体与目标市场进行沟通的传播活动，包括广告、人员推销、营业推广与公共关系等等。 4P策略是这四种策略中最为基础的一种，4P具有的特点也十分明显: 首先这四种因素是企业可以调节、控制和运用的，如企业根据目标市场情况，能够自主决定生产什么产品，制定什么价格，选择什么销售渠道，采用什么促销方式。
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Does IT Matter? An essay presented to the Department of Information Systems University of Cape Town in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the course on Information Systems Honours (INF 414W) by ( March 200x Declaration 1. I know that plagiarism is wrong. Plagiarism is to use another’s work and pretend that it is one’s own. 2. I have used the APA Convention for citation and referencing. Each contribution
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When a firm creates, formulates, and implements a strategy that adds value and competitive advantage that is a strategic business plan. A strategic business plan is the layout or outline that specifies how a firm is going to reach their plans or goals over a certain period of time. The plan can be very specific or very broad. It can focus on one part of the business, as well as a whole focusing on all functions within a company. This plan is important to an organization’s long-term success because
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this unit on Business Policy. Dr Yousef Eiadat will be joining me in teaching this course. In this unit we aim to build skills in Strategic planning – the analysis behind strategic decisions, the crafting of strategies and the implementation of them to ensure organisational success. Strategy involves managing the interface between an organization and its external environment. To this end, the first three topics develop skills in strategic analysis, leading to consideration of the positioning of an
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TYPES OF MARKETING STRATEGIES MARKET LEADER STRATEGIES 1. Expand total market 2. Defend market share 3. Expand market share MARKET CHALLENGER STRATEGIES 1. Define strategic objective and opponents 2. Choosing an attack strategy MARKET FOLLOWER STRATEGIES MARKET NICHE STRATEGIES ================ A. 1. MARKET LEADER STRATEGIES EXPAND TOTAL MARKET • New Users E.g.: perfume:--> non-users (mkt-penetration strat) --> men (new market strat) --> other countries (geo-expan strat) E.g.: J&J Baby shampoo:
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leveraged impact they have on your bottom-line and infrastructure costs, need to be carefully managed and made a key focus of your business strategy. This is equally true for a huge multi-million dollar conglomerate or a relatively small professional practice. While a continuing focus on new business acquisition is of paramount importance – “Grow or Die” – the strategy decision of how you marshal your limited resources of time, money and effort is a crucial one. Deciding to manage your top clients as
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Strategic Plan Strategic planning is an important tool for any organization. By having the right strategic plan, a company could reach their goal as well as meet their customers’ demands. A strategic planning helps a company develop basic goals which company will try to reach in certain a time period. In the strategic planning, company will usually consider the mission statement, vision, and values of company. Through this paper, an individual will gain information how US Airways business, product
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Management Executive, 2001. Vol. 15, No. 4 Are you sure you have a strategy? Donald C. Hambrick and James W, Fredrickson Executive Overview After more than 30 years of hard thinking about strategy, consultants and scholars have provided an abundance of /rameworks for analyzing strategic situations. Missing, however, has been any guidance as to v^hat the product of these tools should be—or virhat actually constitutes a strategy. Strategy has become a catchall term used to mean whatever one wants it
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