Normative ethics are outlined in six approaches for managers to follow that include the utilitarian approach, individualism approach, moral rights approach, justice approach virtue ethics approach and the practical approach. The utilitarian approach began in the nineteenth century by two philosophers, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. They believed that moral behavior produced the greatest good for the greatest number of people possible. The decision maker of the organization is expected
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Ethics Ethics are the ways in which we react to an experience or situation. Ethics are instilled within individuals and spill over to the workplace. There are various types and theories on ethics such as the virtue theory, the utilitarianism theory, and the deontological theory. There are similarities as well as differences for each theory. The virtue theory focuses on the character of the individual. It highlights the idea of how a person can be “good” and what it takes for a person
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countries. This paper will carefully elaborate the ethical implications of email and web usage monitoring by employers and at the same time argue that the practice of email and web usage monitoring by employers is unethical. J.S. Mill's Theory of Utilitarianism provides for the grounds on which a clear distinction between the ethical and the unethical can be made. Mill's theory claims that a behavior is ethical only if its consequences result in the greatest utility for the greatest number of people
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Morality in Business Exam #1 October 4, 2011 2. In the article, “Calculating Consequences,” the authors discuss utilitarianism and the major problems with utilitarian calculations. What is utilitarianism and what are the major problems? In the article, "Calculating Consequences," the authors discuss the major problems with utilitarian calculations. Utilitarianism is an approach to ethics first developed by Jeremy Bentham during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This approach to
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Utilitarianism A moral doctrine is something everyone must have to go about making decisions in every day life. One’s moral values dictate his or her choices and ultimately control how the person lives. Of the numerous ethical theories that exist, utilitarianism is one of the most interesting and difficult to understand. While a utilitarian way of living may seem like an attractive existence to some, I believe it has some major flaws. Utilitarianism is a moral theory that states that a decision
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Philosopher: John Stuart Mill Background According to John Stuart Mill, “Although it is not true that all conservatives are stupid people, it is true that most stupid people are conservative.” John Stuart Mill was a philosopher that was born in 1806 in London, England to philosopher, John Stuart. At age 17, John Stuart Mill became a utilitarian, which means he believed in the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority. At this point in his life
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1. What philosophical principle did Google's managers adopt when deciding that the benefits of operating in China outweighed the costs? Ans. When it comes to the benefits outweighing the cost in China, apparently, Google’s managers adopt utilitarian approach, because according to utilitarian philosophy, “it focuses attention on the need to weigh carefully all of the social benefits and costs of a business action and to pursue only those actions where the benefits outweigh the costs” . For Google
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the company. The company was aware that the vaccine will not produce enough profit for the company, but yet the company wanted to develop ethics. Merck and river blindness are a good example for Utilitarianism theory because the results brought happiness for both the company and the people. Utilitarianism is an ethical framework that focuses on the outcomes or results of actions. In fact, its name comes from the Greek word Telos, which means “end.” The two most influential developers of the utilitarian
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After I read Mill’s notion of higher and lower pleasures, I changed the view of my opinion about higher and lower pleasures. Before that, I thought we just need happiness, and then it will be ok. I never think about what kind of pleasures are higher or lower. Through Mill’s view, it’s really difficult to define higher and lower pleasure. But at least, Mill equates happiness with pleasure, and not all pleasures have equal value; higher pleasures of the mind are better than lower pleasures of the body
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Teleological ethics – determines the rightness of an action or decision based solely on the consequences of that action or decision. Teleological moral systems are characterized primarily by a focus on the consequences which any action might have (for that reason, they are often referred to as consequentialist moral systems, and both terms are used here). Thus, in order to make correct moral choices, we have to have some understanding of what will result from our choices. When we make choices which
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