Biotechnology Biotechnology is the way in which man uses other organisms to make useful products. Yeast has been used for centuries to make beer, wine and bread. Moulds have been employed in cheese making, and bacteria in yogurt making. Single- Cell Protein (SCP) Microorganisms are single cell organisms which can be cultured to rapidly produce foodstuffs rich in protein, minerals and vitamins. Microorganisms are grown in large fermenters where nutrient, pH and temperature are constantly monitored
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The Only Home We Have “Home is the place where they have to let you in.” From the beginning of the life on earth, every living creature has felt the sense of belonging. Belonging to some place that makes us safe, comfortable and peaceful. It’s called home, in today’s language. Home is the place where we all born, raised and come back again everytime when we leave. It’s what we need to be able to continue living. Since the life has begun on the earth, nature is the home for all living creatures.
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genetic makeup and help in designing effective treatments for diseases. Personalized analysis based on individual genome, may lead to a powerful form of preventative medicine that will be able to learn about risks of future diseases, based on the DNA analysis. Health care professionals like the physicians, doctors, nurses and genetic counselors, will be able to work with patients and focus their energies on things that are likely to maintain health for a person (Lander, 2011, p.190). That may as
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to another through a method other than reproduction. Genetic transformation, a form of horizontal gene transfer, involves the altering of a cell through the uptake of naked DNA. Naked DNA refers to DNA which has been released from lysed or disrupted cells and is taken up by a recipient cell. If a cell is able to take up naked DNA, they are referred to as competent. This finding is accredited to Frederick Griffith, a bacteriologist who conducted an experiment in which a nonpathogenic strain of Streptococcus
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strategies for testing are also discussed. THE BASICS Isolation of DNA and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) DNA or RNA for genetic testing is almost always isolated from peripheral-blood leukocytes. This requires that the blood be drawn in tubes containing some sort of anticoagulant. The preferred anticoagulants are either citrate or EDTA. The cells are lysed followed by removal of the other cellular components and precipitation of the DNA or RNA in ethanol. One of the drawbacks of this approach is that
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Radiation Effects at the Tissue and Organ Level * Response to irradiation- measures the radiosensitivity of tissue or organ * Loss of moderate number of cells- does not affect function of organs * Loss of large number of cells- display clinical result * Severity of change depends on dose and thus amount of cell loss * Repairable damage- moderate dose to localized area * Death from damage to most sensitive system- comparable dose to whole organism Short- Term
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oBiology Study Guide Exam No.1 Chapters 1-6 Chapter 1: Scientific Study of Life * The Cell is the basic Unit of life. * An Organism is a living individual and consists of one or more cells The levels of Biological Organization are (smallest to largest): * Atoms = The smallest chemical unit * Molecule = Group of joined atoms * Organelle = Membrane bounded structure that has a specific function within a cell * Tissue = Collection of specialized cells that function in
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Genetically Modified Organisms The world’s population is growing at a rapid pace. Advancements make possible for people to live longer lives as well as aiding infertile couples with creating children that otherwise would not have been born. Perhaps the biggest problem that humans face in their lives is how to quickly produce enough food to support a growing population. “The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimate that the world will have to grow 70 percent more food by 2050
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constructed. In the year 2010 The Economist published a response to Sumatra's article, suggesting that other ways of conducting experiments in the field of management are being tested, mainly through the use of more discrete factors (such as an individual's DNA structure and hormone panels) and through more practical methods (the twin-studies). In Dr Cosmides and Dr Tooby research they attempt to give "scientific" meaning to management by "applying the rigor of biology" ('The biology of business' p. 1). Scientists
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organisms with each other and the environment? 3. Comment on the relationship between structure and function in biology. 4. How specifically is the cell life’s basic unit of structure and function? 5. What is the significance of DNA to organisms? 6. Explain the basic concept of a biological feedback system. How does it work? 7. Explain briefly how life’s vast organisms are classified. Give the basic ideas. Make sure to include domains in your discussion.
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