Lancefield group testing works by serologically grouping beta-haemolytic streptococci based on their C-carbohydrates that are located within the cell wall. The specific antigen that differentiates strains of streptococci is known as the ‘M’ antigen, (Acharya, 2015). Different strains of streptococci have different m-antigens and this is the basis of Lancefield testing. Reagents 1 and 2 used in the test, are extracting agents. They detach the specific antigen from the cell allowing it to be further
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Decontamination is a process of eliminating infectious organisms or other harmful substances that include cleaning, disinfection, and/or sterilizations of reusable medical devices to minimize the risk of transmission of infectious agents. The best practices for cleaning, Disinfection and sterilization in healthcare is managed by the Provincial Infectious advisory committee. Following the appropriate procedures decreases infection and contamination rates which provides for positive outcomes to patient
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People have always thought that there waste is something we don’t need. Research has shown that this fecal matter can help prevent many infections, including C. difficile. Newer technology is allowing people to take fecal transplant pills instead of having a colonoscopy. The pills are proving to be a better solution than a colonoscopy. Colonoscopies can slow down breathing and can also risk breathing in the fecal matter. It can also puncture an intestinal wall. Taking a pill would also be easier
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One disease that the American Dog tick transmits is Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF). This is a serious bacterial disease spread by Rickettsia rickettsii and can become deadly if not treated early. Some signs and symptoms include fever and a headache which are not specific to RMSF but can progress and become life threatening rapidly. Other symptoms may include lack of appetite, stomach pain, nausea, muscle pain, vomiting, and a rash. The rash is a very common sign of this disease, but it takes
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In 1952, Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey were able to prove that DNA is the genetic material of the phage T2. The T2 phage consists almost entirely of DNA and protein, it also attacks E. Coli (, a common intestinal bacteria of mammals). The T2 phage quickly turns an E. coli cell into a T2-producing factory that releases phages whenever the cell ruptures. To determine what the source of the genetic material is in the phage, Hershey and Chase designed an experiment in which they labeled the protein
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Durning late 2015 and early 2016 Chipotle was under fire for their E. coli outbreak. “Escherichia coli, its full name, is a type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of animals and humans. There are hundreds of strains of the bacterium, but E. coli O157:H7 has been identified as dangerous to people, producing a powerful toxin that can cause severe illness.” E. coli is caused mostly by consuming tainted or undercooked beef but can be found on any food. E. Coli in this situation is thought
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I had no knowledge of what it really was so I wanted to learn more. “It disables young and old from South America right across to South-East Asia, with at least a quarter of a million new infections a year” (White ½). The cause for Leprosy is the bacteria called Mycobacterium Leprae. When this bacterium enters your body, there are two different reactions that can
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The article I read this week was about Chytridomycosis also known as amphibian chytrid fungus disease. This is an infectious disease that affects many amphibians around the world. It’s caused by the chytrid fungus which causes sporadic deaths in some and 100% mortality in others. This disease has been suspected to be the cause for many mass deaths and extinctions of frogs since the 1990’s but its origin and impact is not well known. Chytrid was first found in dead and dying frogs in Queensland in
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The goal of this experiments is to observe the relative trends of bacteria growth over time in broth. This experiment was conducted over the period of two days by observing the growth of bacteria in an agar broth. This solution was created by taken a single bacteria colony from a petri with an inoculation loop and placing into a bottle filled with an agar broth. After this, the bottle was placed in a incubator and left there for 24 hours. On day one, the bottle's Absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer
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The Sphingolipidoses are a group of Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs), which individually are considered rare diseases; however, their collective incidence is approximately 1 in 5000-9000 live births. This number is dependent on the location and population, with some regions presenting a much higher proportion of cases than others. These diseases consequently together comprise a vast proportion of the healthcare system and therefore there is a need to investigate novel treatments as well as more
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