Review Biology Test #1 Chapter 3: Water and life • Polar covalent bonds in water result in Hydrogen bonding between the molecules. These bonds give water its special properties • In presence of water, ionic bonds are weak and covalent bonds are strong. Without water, ionic bonds are stronger. • Each water molecule can make 4 hydrogen bonds. • Water properties: 1. Polarity 2. Surface tension 3. Cohesion 4. Adhesion 5. Capilarity 6. High specific heat 7. Heat bank 8. Heat of vaporization
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Phosphoryl group transfers and ATP; * Free-energy change for hydrolysis of ATP and other phosphorylated compounds and thioesters. * Role of ATP: phosphorylation, * pyrophosphorylation and adenylation, * assembly of informational macromolecules, * active transport and muscle contraction. * Biological oxidation-reduction reactions; * flow of electrons * dehydrogenations * redox potentials * electron carriers * dehydrogenases * Nature
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sacs -FUNCTIONS: modifies products of ER (ex. Add sugars on the glycoprotein created by ER), manufactures certain macromolecules, sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles specifies location. f. LYSOSOMES: -membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes -FUNCTION: hydrolyze proteins, fats, polysaccharides, nucleic acids; uses enzymes to recycle organelles & macromolecules
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released in an inactive form Pepsinogen. Hormone gastrin than secrete the stomach cells and regulates the production f gastric juices. Small intestine is 6 meters in length and is smaller than the large intestine in the small intestine hydrolysis of macromolecules occurs. There are three sections that are divided which is the pancreas, liver, and gall bladder a hormone called secretin is released from, the intestinal walls to signal the pancreas to release the bicarbonate solution which helps get rid of
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Macroscopic physical properties such as melting and boiling points depend on the strengths of the forces which hold microscopic particles together. In the case of molecules whose atoms are connected by covalent bonds, such intermolecular forces may be of three types. All molecules are attracted together by weak London forces. These depend on instantaneous polarization and increase in strength with the size of the molecular electron cloud. When a molecule contains atoms whose electronegativities differ
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P4- Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body In this assignment I will be explain the physiology of two named body system in relation to energy metabolism in the body. The system that I have chosen is the respiratory system and the digestive system. The respiratory system is where the exchange of gases in the body this is where the oxygen enters into the blood. The lung is the main organ which the lungs intakes oxygen into the body and the carbon
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includes: Salivary Glands-Tongue-Epiglottis- Esophagus-Liver-Stomach-Gall Bladder- Duodenum-Pancreas-Jujunem (small intestine)- large intestine (colon)- Illeum (small intestine)- Appendix- Rectum- Anus. Digestive: its main function is to breakdown macromolecule like carbs, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. The digestion includes 4 stages: Ingestion (gets nutrients into the body) Digestion (mechanical, chemical) Absorption (gets nutrients into the blood) Excretion (Egestion) (waste removal) Lipids:
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P1: Task 1 A. Using simple light microscopy prepare labelled diagrams of a bacterial, plant and animal cell. With each diagram you must identify the characteristic features and functions of the cells key characteristics. Light Microscopy Diagrams *attached Bacterial Cell Diagram Key Characteristics * Cell wall * Plasma Membrane * Cytoplasm * Ribosome * Plasmid * Flagella * Pilli * Capsule Characteristic Features and Functions Cell Wall: * Cell
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was ‘Louis Pasteur’. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Ribonucleic acid or RNA, is one of the three major macromolecules (along with DNA and proteins) that are essential for all known forms of life. A pipette (also called a pipet, pipettor or chemical dropper) is a laboratory instrument used to transport a measured volume of liquid. Pipettes
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Chapter 1 The Foundations of Biochemistry Multiple Choice Questions 1. Cellular foundations Pages: 2-4 Difficulty: 1 In a bacterial cell, the DNA is in the: A) cell envelope. B) cell membrane. C) nucleoid. D) nucleus. E) ribosomes. 2. Cellular foundations Page: 3 Difficulty: 1 A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the development of: A) DNA. B) photosynthetic capability. C) plasma
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