Biology is a life science which studies living organisms and how they interact with each other and their environment. It examines the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution of living organisms because life is organized in a hierarchical manner from atoms to molecules and then to organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, and biosphere. I find the four major unifying principles formed as the foundation of biology
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assumption to make, as no two diseases behave in the same way. The Origins of both Acromegaly and Alzheimer’s for instance, are as unique to one another as their behaviors within the body. Acromegaly has an odd sounding name. Its Latin root words are “Acro”, meaning “High” and “Megaly”, meaning “Abnormal growth” or enlargement. This particular disease occurs below the brain and around the pituitary gland. Alzheimer’s has a different origin, entirely, having been named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who
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National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement LIFE SCIENCES Further Education and Training Phase Grades 10-12 basic education Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA CurriCulum and assessment PoliCy statement Grades 10-12 life sCienCes CAPS LIFE SCIENCES GRADES 10-12 department of Basic education 222 Struben Street Private Bag X895 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: +27 12 357 3000 Fax: +27 12 323 0601 120 Plein Street Private Bag X9023 Cape Town
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1. When one uses the scientific method 2. When one investigate nature or the universe 3. Practice by all scientists 4. Not reserved solely for scientist, anyone can think like a scientist Fields of Science 1. Social Science – deals with human relationships 2. Abstract science – deals with abstract ideas 3. Natural sciences • Physical Science – deals with non-living entity • Biological Science – deals with the living entity The Scientific Method - The most important
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has evolution done for me • Agricultural crops and animal breeding for the past 8,000 years • With the discovery of methods to reconstruct evolutionary relationships there is been a vast increase in the relevance of evolutionary biology to human society. Reconstructing Phylogenies • 1859-1950- No coherent empirical methods • 1950-1966- Emergence of Phylogenetic Systematics • Phylogeny by discovery of the order of evolutionary innovation Ribotyping • Fingerprinting
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entitled The Next Species of Human, he discussed his predictions for augmenting ourselves and improving our bodies through technology and science. He states that we will see these developments from current experiments in three major areas that have become trends through TED talks over the last 25 years. These include; the ability to engineer cells, the advancement of engineering tissues and finally the continuing research into robotics. In terms of engineering cells Enriquez cites the work of Craig
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Biophysics, and Cell Respiration Sian Hall What is biophysics? To answer this question we first must explore biology, and what exactly it entails. Biology is the study of living organisms, with many different, interacting fields. Biology is an important branch of science, as it is essentially the study of life in the world around us. Without biology we would not be able to examine the growth, structure, origin, function, evolution or distribution of living things. Four principles form the basis
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Biological Principles Cell Theory Robert Hooke coined the term “cell” in 1665, based on his initial microscopic observations of cork. These observations ultimately gave rise to the cell theory, as postulated by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, about two centuries later. The major points of the cell theory are as follows: 1. All organisms are composed of a fundamental unit, the cell. 2. All organisms are unicellular or multicellular. 3. All cells are fundamentally alike
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trait, natural selection, extinction i. unity and diversity of life and the usefulness of the theory of evolution in explaining both the unity and diversity of life. j. classification of living organisms – see text and instructor’s notes Objective: Demonstrate an understanding of the basic structure of atoms and molecules. II. Illustrate the following to indicate your comprehension of chemical structures. (add definitions next to illustrations.) Atoms
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causes that can arise in any cell of the body capable of evading regulatory controls of proliferation and differentiation. Two major dysfunctions present in the process of cancer are (1) defective cell proliferation (growth) and (2) defective cell differentiation. Cancer cells usually proliferate at the same rate of the normal cells of the tissue from which they arise. However, cancer cells divide indiscriminately and haphazardly and sometimes produce more than two cells at the time of mitosis.
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