repeat behavior that is accompanied by favorable consequence (reinforcement) and tends no to repeat behavior that is accompanied by unfavorable. Two conditions are required for successful application of OB Mod—the manager must be able to identify some powerful consequence (as perceived by the employees) and then must be able to admire them in such a way that the employees will see the connection between the behavior to be affected and the consequence. The law of effect comes from learning theory, which
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machines will result in unsatisfactory visible behavior. This paper will discuss why leaders who use the organisms approach to leadership are more effective by contrasting machines and organisms (people), proving that people are organisms with similarities and differences, and discussing what motivate human behavior. People are living organisms born with two powerful legacies; a genetic inheritance and memes [ (Clawson, 2009) ]. Machines are devices created by people to perform a certain task or job
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foundation for Qin unification of China. Shang Yang convinced King Xiao to rule by military force. The reforms were made through the use of military force that corresponded with Yang’s Legalist ideas. His reforms enabled Qin to become one of the most powerful states in the Warring States Period. * The first reform abolished Qin’s old square system and recognized the private ownership of land. (write about the old square system). Shang Yang also introduced taxes and levies. After private ownership of
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Machiavelli titled, “Is it better to be Loved than to be Feared,” from the book “The Prince”. Machiavelli’s whole idea is that it is better to have both loved and feared but if it’s not possible to have both, then it’s better to be feared because fear is more reliable than love. He proposed that a relationship based on love alone tends to be fickle, short lived, and easily terminated when there is no fear of retribution. While on the other hand, relationships based on fear tends to last longer because individual
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traditional forms of psychology, which often had difficulty making predictions that could be tested experimentally It assumes that the behavior of a human or animal is a consequence of that individual's history, including especially reinforcement and punishment, together with the individual's current motivational state and controlling stimuli. Thus, although behaviorists generally accept the important role of inheritance in determining behavior, they focus primarily on environmental factors. 2. Cognitivism
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in place. One advice he prides himself on is “Executives and managers overseeing any restructuring or merger should find ways to inspire all employees to think like entrepreneurs. A person's own conscience is the hardest taskmaster of all, so the more responsibility you give people, the better they will perform. (Entrepreneur, 2012, Pg. 1)”
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TOPIC 9: CONTROL, PUNISHMENT AND VICTIMS Situational Crime Prevention - Clarke: * Three features of measures aimed at situational crime prevention: 1. Directed at specific crimes 2. involve managing/altering immediate environment of the crime 3. aim at increasing the effort and risks of committing crime and reducing the rewards * Underlying situational crime prevention approaches is a rational choice theory of crime * Most crime is opportunistic so SCP measures reduces the
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sometimes anonymously through telephone “hotlines.” These communication devices are used for reporting real or perceived ethical or legal problems, to solicit advice and counseling, or both. Also common are procedures for monitoring behavior so as to reward ethical behavior and/or discipline unethical behavior. Empirical research suggests that HR staff are merely one among many categories of corporate staff who may be involved in managing ethics programs. One study of ethics programs in Fortune 500
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Management and control Chapter 1 Management relates to the process of organizing resources and directing activities for the purpose of achieving organizational objectives; consist of 4 phases: 1. planning • mission; reason of company’s existence • vision; what to do to reach the mission • objective • strategy; Corporate S.(expansion/ shutdown/ no change) Business unit S. (Differentiation, cost leadership, focus)
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assumptions of scientific management were that work is inherently unpleasant for most people and the money they earn is more important to employees than is the nature of the job they are performing. Human relations movement: This school of thought emphasized the role of social processes in organizations and assumed that the need for belongingness and the need to feel useful are more important than money in motivating employees. Human resource approach: This view assumes
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