Finance Return, Risk, and the Security Market Line COMM 298 Outline 1 Portfolios 2 Portfolio Expected Return 3 Portfolio Variance 4 Systematic Risk, Specific Risk, and Diversification 5 Market Portfolio and Measure of Systematic Risk 6 CAPM: From Risk to Return COMM 298 Return, Risk, and the Security Market Line 1 / 54 Outline 1 Portfolios 2 Portfolio Expected Return 3 Portfolio Variance 4 Systematic Risk, Specific Risk, and
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and Measurement of Risk and Return CHAPTER ORIENTATION In this chapter, we examine the factors that determine rates of return (discount rates) in the capital markets. We are particularly interested in the relationship between risk and rates of return. We look at risk both in terms of the riskiness of an individual security and that of a portfolio of securities. CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Expected Return Defined and Measured A. The expected benefits or returns to be received from an
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E¢cient Portfolios: That is when investors seek to maximize the expected return from their investment given some level of risk they are willing to accept. Risk Aversion: Individuals according to those theories are assumed to be risk averse: is one who, when faced with two investments with the same expected return but two di¤erent risks, will prefer the one with the lower risk. Risky assets: Those are the ones which the return that will be realized in the future is uncertain. Corporate bonds are riskier
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CHAPTER 5 Risk and Rates of Return Stand-alone risk Portfolio risk Risk & return: CAPM / SML 5-1 Investment returns The rate of return on an investment can be calculated as follows: Return = (Amount received – Amount invested) ________________________ Amount invested For example, if $1,000 is invested and $1,100 is returned after one year, the rate of return for this investment is: ($1,100 - $1,000) / $1,000 = 10%. 5-2 What is investment risk? Two
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CHARACTERIZING RISK AND RETURN Questions LG1 1. Why is the percentage return a more useful measure than the dollar return? The dollar return is most important relative to the amount invested. Thus, a $100 return is more impressive from a $1,000 investment than a $5,000 investment. The percentage return incorporates both the dollar return and the amount invested. Therefore, it is easier to compare percentage return across different investments. LG2 2. Characterize the historical return, risk
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on Risk-return tradeoff Submitted by Pradip Routh Reg. no - 0906247013 Introduction :People have many motives for investing. For most investors, however, their interest in investment is largely pecuniary- to earn a return on their money. However, selecting stocks exclusively on the basis of maximization of return is not enough. To sat that investors like return and dislike risks is, however, simplistic. To facilitate our job for analyzing securities and portfolio within a return-risk
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Risk and Return LECTURE 2 Risk and Return Twin axioms of modern financial theory Fear • Risk averse • Degree of risk aversion Greed • Non-satiable appetite for wealth • Utility Risk Aversion • Behaviour when exposed to uncertainty • Risk attitudes: – Risk averse (or risk avoiding) – Risk neutral – Risk loving (or risk seeking) • Measurements: additional marginal reward an investor requires to accept additional risk – Absolute risk aversion – Relative risk aversion Utility
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theorem. For non-mean-variance portfolio analysis, see Marginal conditional stochastic dominance. Modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a theory of finance which attempts to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected return, by carefully choosing the proportions of various assets. Although MPT is widely used in practice in the financial industry and several of its creators won a Nobel memorial prize for the theory,[1]
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It can be shown that the expected return function is a weighted average of the individual returns. In addition, it is shown that combining any portfolio with the risk-free asset, that the standard deviation of the combination is only a function of the weight for the risky asset portfolio. Therefore, since both the expected return and the variance are simple weighted averages, the combination will lie along a straight line. 2. Expected Rate of Return
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Merrill Finch Inc. Risk and Return Assume that you recently graduated with a major in finance. You just landed a job as a financial planner with Merrill Finch Inc., a large financial services corporation. Your first assignment is to invest $100,000 for a client. Because the funds are to be invested in a business at the end of 1 year, you have been instructed to plan for a 1-year holding pe riod. Further, your boss has restricted you to the investment alternatives in the following table
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