...Leisure in coping with depression Model Study Reference Nimrod, G., Kleiber, D., & Berdychevsky, L. (2012). Leisure in coping with depression. (Fall 2012 ed., Vol. Journal of Leisure Research, p. p419). Abstract This recreational research document is based on the human psychology during the times of depression. The main purpose of the study is to analyse the importance of leisure and related activities in the time of depression that normally helps a person in coping with the tense times of depression. Although the results of this study are different from our general understanding that leisure activities help in the times of depression because during those times it is highly difficult for a person to take part in such activities which would help him to relax during these depressed moments. There are other strategies that will be discussed in detail in the research study which will help to get better from the frustrating times. Introduction This research will look into the general causes of depression that is faced by the individuals during their routine life. It seems to be normal with most of the people around the world to be depressed due to their personal or professional life, but they are unaware of the fact that depression can lead to severe disability if it is not curtailed at early stage (WHO, 2012). It is a fact that in today’s world where competition among various people in different walks of life has increased, it has also given rise to additional...
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...Benefits of Physical Activity Among University Students The correlation between physical activity and mental health among college students is not a topic that individuals are readily informed about. There is a significant amount of stress in the media on the importance of physical activity to an individuals’ health in preventing and treating chronic diseases however the significance towards mental health is rarely mentioned. Although there are a lot of research studies regarding the topic, university students may not necessarily take the time to properly educate themselves on how to better their life through physical activity. Physical activity has a positive effect on the mental health of post-secondary students specifically in the areas of anxiety, stress and depression. Students experience many forms of stress not only in regards to academics, but many outside factors as well. According to Hurst (2013), after surveying students for his study the top stressor they reported is general academics. A full-time student generally takes five courses per semester which include overlapping due dates for assignments, the act of studying for exams, all while students are expected to maintain a required average in order to remain enrolled in the program. All of these contribute to the stress of the student. The second most frequent stressor faced by students is relationships. Hurst (2013) explains that students face relationship stressors in regards to family, romantic, and peer...
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...Depression Paper Gabrielle Piperno PSY 270 January 12, 2014 Stephanie Sencil-White Depression Paper Depression is defined as a low, sad state in which life seems dark with overwhelming challenges (Comer, 2012). Mania is considered the opposite of depression as it results in feeling of euphoria and frenzied energy; these two definitions combined are classified as bipolar disorder (Comer, 2012). Unipolar depression is when an individual suffers from depression that lacks bouts of mania (Comer, 2012). Depression, and or symptoms of depression, can affect everyone during one or more stages of life. Some individuals experience times in their lives when they consider themselves to be depressed; in actuality this is most likely a normal mood swing due to a temporary unpleasant circumstance. Upon information and belief, nearly 7 percent of the adult population in the United States suffers from a severe form of unipolar depression, with 5 percent of American’s suffering from mild forms of depression (Comer, 2012). Of the percentage of individuals suffering from unipolar depression, at least 50 percent of those individuals recover anywhere from 6 weeks to one year; in certain case treatment was not required (Comer, 2012). There are many cause that can be attributed to depression and unipolar forms of depression; some of these causes are due to biological factors and environmental factors (Comer, 2012). Neurotransmitters, when defective, may lead to depression. It is believed that...
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...WORKOUT: A HEALTHY OPTION FOR TREATING DEPRESSION _____ A Research Paper Presented to Mrs. Susana D. Dado St. Joseph College Olongapo City _____ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements in ENGLISH IV _____ by : Daniel O. Mirabueno 4 – Charity (SSC) March 8, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Statement of the Problem 5 B. Significance of the Study 5 C. Scope and Limitation 6 D. Definition of Terms 6 II. DISCUSSION 7 A. Sweating the Way Out 7 B. Workout Magic 11 C. Doing the Basics 15 D. On the Perspective of the Experts 19 E. Planting the Seeds for a Healthier Life 23 III. SUMMARY and CONCLUSION 27 BIBLIOGRAPHY ACKNOWLEDGEMENT “I do not cease to give thanks for you as I remember you in my prayers.” — Ephesians 1.16 (62 AD) The researcher would like to extend his sincerest and deepest gratitude to all those who have contributed that made this research a possible and successful one. To his parents, Dr. Tirso Cadag Mirabueno and Mrs. Lydia Omaña Mirabueno, for giving him their unselfish love, care, untiring guidance, moral and financial support. To his family – especially his sisters Zarah, Arianne and Jencelle, and his brothers Meinard, Andrei, Eljhon and Zander – for extending him their unwavering help. To his research adviser, Mrs. Susana Dumayag...
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...Depression Paper Nuewana Fultz 8/15/2015 PSY/270 Debbi Kutner University of Phoenix Unipolar and Bipolar There is often a confusion between Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Disorder Depression due to the fact they share the same symptoms of sadness, hopelessness, pessimism; anxiety and sleep problems; although Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Depression take very different directions. It is important that we are able to tell them apart and understand the differences in diagnosing and treating these disorders. Making an inaccurate diagnosis can result in making the disorder worse. There are two types of mood disorders: Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Disorder. It is believed both are genetic disorders and they share many of the same symptoms. These disorders differ in treatments, and some of the symptoms are also different. Both can be very severe and carry a risk of suicide. Unipolar Depression Unipolar depression is a mood disorder that is categorized by depression without mania. Depression and mania are the opposite of each other; depression is a state of sadness that one is overcome by all of life’s challenges, whereas mania is when one is on a state of elation and has extravagant beliefs that the world is theirs. Unipolar can be brought on by many different types of circumstances one experiences chemically or in life’s...
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...Depression Paper Psy/270 4/3/2011 Depression Paper Unipolar and Bipolar Disorder Many people go through a normal day and have their emotions fluctuate due to some sort of stimuli. It is quite normal for people to feel emotions like depression or elation because of certain situations or circumstances. It is when moods like depression or mania that affect people for a longer than normal period of time or when they constantly fluctuate between depression and mania that one may suffer from something called a mood disorder. Depression is a state of overwhelming sadness and a person’s outlook on general life is dark and foreboding as if nothing is right or will ever be right. Normally people can suffer from just depression which is called unipolar depression. Other people, however, suffer from mania as well. One moment or day they feel the effects of depression the next they feel as if they have loads of energy and are in a constant state of energized motion or activity. People who suffer the effects of both depression and mania have something called bipolar disorder. Unipolar Depression Symptoms The symptoms of unipolar depression span five different aspects of human functioning these are: emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive, and physical. Emotional symptoms of depression leave people feeling overwhelmingly sad this may also be accompanied by thoughts of worthlessness, misery, and that they are empty or void of other emotions. People will often...
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...Depression Gayle Valante PSY/270 October 13, 2013 Depression Many people can go through their day and have their emotions waver because of some sort of stimulation. It is quite normal for people to feel emotions like depression or elation because of certain situations or circumstances. When moods like depression or mania that affect people for a longer than normal period of time or when they constantly fluctuate between depression and mania one may suffer from something called a mood disorder. Depression is a state of overpowering sadness and mindset on general life is dark and dread as if nothing is correct or will ever be right. When people suffer from just depression it is called unipolar depression; others suffer from mania as well. One moment in time they will feel the effects of depression and by the next they may feel as if they have loads of energy, and they are on top of the world. People who suffer from both depression and mania have a disorder called bipolar disorder. Unipolar Depression Symptoms The evidence of unipolar depression has five different characteristic of human functioning these are: motivational, emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physical. The emotional symptoms of depression can leave people feeling irresistibly sad. They may have thoughts of worthlessness, misery, and that they feel empty or have a void for other emotions. People will often lose any pleasure gained from their normal activities and life, and they...
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...Aetiologies of Unipolar Depression Depression can be defined as ‘A condition of general emotional dejection and withdrawal; sadness greater and more prolonged than that warranted by any objective reason.’ The psychological pain depression brings is severe, long lasting and debilitating. It may intensify as the months go by. People with clinical depression may become unable to carry out the simplest of life’s activities, and some even try to end their lives. Biological theory researchers have relied on genetic studies and on investigations into biochemistry to help explain the causes of unipolar depression. Many theorists believe that some people inherit a predisposition to unipolar depression. Support comes from many sources – family studies, twin studies and adoption studies. Family studies select people with depression and examine their close relatives to see whether depression affects other members of the family. If a predisposition to unipolar depression is inherited then relatives should have a higher rate of depression than the general population. Research has supported this claim. If the predisposition is inherited it would also be expected that more cases of depression would be apparent in close relatives compared to distant relatives. Twin studies are used as identical twins share 100% of the same genes, therefore if one twin has the disorder the other should also. Twin studies have found rates consistent with this expectation. Evaluation which supports genetic...
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...Depression Amy Psych270 02/09/14 Depression There are two types of mood disorders I will be discussing, unipolar depression and bipolar. With each mood disorder there are very specific symptoms that can distinguish which disorder a person may be diagnosed with. After diagnosing the disorder, there are several types of treatments that can help a person live a more functional life. Understanding the symptoms to a disorder will be the key to getting help. There are different symptoms of unipolar depression such as emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive, and physical symptoms. Emotional symptoms may include sadness, emptiness, and a loss of pleasure, anxiety, anger, as well as crying episodes. Motivational symptoms can include not wanting to do what usually makes you happy, no drive, lack of spontaneity, and just a feeling of withdrawal. Some of the behavioral symptoms can be lying in bed more than usual, wanting to be alone, sometimes a persons talking and movement is slower than normal. Cognitive symptoms can be lots of negativity especially against themselves, and belief they are the cause for most problems in their life, they rarely or never give themselves praise for the good that they bring, hopelessness is another symptom and this is the one that makes suicide a higher risk. Some physical symptoms can include lots of ailments, such as headaches, stomach aches, also sleeping too much or too little. A person does not have to have symptoms in all areas, however...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Definition of adolescence and adolescent depression 2 2. Adolescent depressive symptoms 4 3. Problems with diagnosis of depression in adolescents 4 4. Gender factors that may play a role in assessing depression 6 5. Contextual factors that may play a role in assessing depression 8 6. Suicide 9 ‘Like anyone else, I have always had times when I felt deeply depressed, but this was something altogether new in my experience – a despairing, unchanging paralysis of the spirit beyond anything I had ever known or imagined could exist.’ The author William Styron (1990). (Kring, Johnson, Davison & Neale 2012:132) 1. Definition of adolescence and adolescent depression Adolescence is the period of development marked at the beginning by the onset of puberty and at the end by the attainment of physiological or psychological maturity (Reber, Allen & Reber 2009). It is a period of transition from childhood into adulthood, involving changes in physical development, cognitive abilities, emotional adjustment and self esteem. Adolescence is a time of acute stress. It is a period of social sorting and identity formation. Erikson described development that occurs throughout the lifespan in his theory of psychosocial development. During the adolescent period, which Erikson called ‘Identity vs Role confusion’, adolescents need to develop a sense of self and personal identity...
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...from a pattern of depression known as unipolar depression. Depressive and bipolar disorders show to be a leading cause of disability, without treatment a person can have a difficult experience with relationships, work, and social activities. Substance abuse disorders are becoming an epidemic. The need for instant gratification has become more and more prevalent in the world. The DSM-5 shows the symptoms checklist for diagnosis of substance abuse disorder (see table 1.3 in appendix a), and according to Comer, (2014) “the substances people misuse fall into several categories: depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and cannabis” (p. 295). The different combinations of treatment methods that allows a person diagnosed with these disorders to carry out normal life and perform daily activities as the rest of the population. The potential causes of these disorders can change based on many different factors such as stress, genetics, lifestyle. In addition, the multicultural perspective enlightens the different gender and culture influences, and of males seeking treatment there is a higher percentage in females diagnosed. (McCullough, J. P., Jr., Klien, D. N., Keller, M. B., Holzer,Charles E., I.,II, Davis, S. M., Kornstein, S. G., . . . Harrison, W. M. (2000)) Mood and Addictive Disorders For depressed people symptoms are not lasting and this is unipolar depression, the most common mood disorder. The various disorders characterized by unipolar depression, referred to as depressive...
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...A DISCUSSION ABOUT DEPRESSION Introduction In this paper we will discuss the causes of bipolar, unipolar disorder that an individual might experience during his/her lifetime. Bipolar and unipolar disorders are categorized into five groups biological, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and sociocultural. Each type of group can be treated in similar, but different ways depending on how severe the case might be. Individuals who are faced with these disorders will want to seek professional help and advice before it becomes too bad, and escalades to something they cannot control known as mania. Individuals who experience mania have a rough time doing normal everyday activities, such as such as getting out of bed and putting clothes on. When an individual experiences bipolar disorder it is a state of depression that causes the individual to go through extreme mood changes frequently. Before and while an individual is experiencing bipolar disorder they will also experience manic. When manic occurs within an individual it becomes very challenging for that individual to execute daily activities. Some individual experiencing severe unipolar disorder might become in a deep depression that affects their every activity. Some individuals who experience unipolar disorder at a high level can feel as if it is impossible to even become motivated to get out of bed, and start their day. While the depression stage of bi-polar disorder and unipolar is almost indistinguishable, it is...
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...a clinician if the client is experiencing symptoms that continue to last longer than a month after a traumatic event, actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violation has occurred. (APA, 2013) The major symptoms of PTSD are anxiety, depression, detachment, guilt, and anger (Comer, 2013) Acute Stress Disorder is has the same symptoms of PTSD, but a client’s onset and duration of symptoms last less than a month. Reference: American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Comer, R.J.(2014) Fundamentals of Abnormal Psychology, New York: Worth 2) Disorders develop in survivors of trauma due to the fact that they may be re-experiencing the traumatic events in reoccurring thoughts, memories, dreams or nightmares connected to the event. PTSD and ASD are known disorders associated with traumatic disorders. The most common traumatic events are combat, disasters, abuse and victimization. 3) PTSD treatments for combat veterans may vary according to their symptoms displayed. A therapist may choose or combine the following therapies: Drug therapy: an antianxiety drug may be given to control tension, reduce nightmares, panic attacks, flashbacks, and depression; Behavioral exposure techniques: helps veterans to reduce specific symptoms, and often leads to overall adjustment by exposing the veteran to recall a specific incident. The veteran holds onto this image in their mind until the anxiety has stopped...
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...functions within their daily lives, and of these afflictions, depression is rapidly increasing among many within the general population. It is because of this that it has become increasingly imperative for us to come to a better understanding of what depression is, how it manifests, and how to properly diagnose and treat the disorder. We all learn to use our emotions to guide us through life, and while in a healthy emotional state; they will propel us to excel by motivating and encouraging feelings that bring forth a sense of inner peace. However, those suffering with depression will be conflicted with thoughts that encourage negative feelings toward oneself, surroundings, and their overall purpose in life. It is when these negative thoughts take control of ones emotions that they begin to feel a significant interference within their quality of life and that the presence of a mood disorder is recognized. Depression is caused by various factors and they range from genetic predispositions, chemical imbalances, and ongoing stressful exposures. Most frequently, depression is a combination of these factors, and it is because of this that the proper diagnosing of depression may come from many levels and may present treatments that are intrusive and extensive. Diagnosis: In order to properly diagnose depression, a physical exam is given to decipher if there are any medical causes that are bringing forth symptoms of depression, this is because there have been certain medicines as well...
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...How many of you are going through depression? Or do you have friends or family members who are going through depression? Today I will talk about depression. I will talk about the background, the causes of this disease, the symptoms and finally, the treatment and prevention of depression. Many people around the world become depressed at some point in their lives. Whether it is financial or marital problems, we all encounter depression to some degree. In many circumstances these feelings affect one’s ability to live a normal productive life. When the condition worsens professional help is needed. What is depression? Depression is a mood disorder that makes you feel sad or hopeless for a period of time. Depression can have a impact on the enjoyment of your life, your work, your health and to the people who care about you the most. Depression affects people differently. Some people fee down for a period of time and others feelings come and go. If you have short term depression you are still able to work and take care of your daily activities. But if you have a long period of depression and don’t seek any kind of treatment, you are more at risk of becoming even more depressed or become physically ill. Studies have shown that depression negatively impacts one’s ability to perform tasks of all nature, no matter how large or miniscule they may be. A number of doctors have suggested that depression is an “evolutionary adaptation” (Mental Health Association.) Mainly defined as (paraphrased)...
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