...A: Manuscript Hello students and thank you for inviting me here today. I am very honor to talk about the African-American for the British students. Someone knows how I am and someone does not. So I will start to introduce myself. My name is Roland Fryer and I am professor of economics at Harvard University. I know that you have studied about African-Americans. But I know I will talk about the African-American you did not know and some of this I talk about will probably surprise you. In my talk I will talk about racial inequality and answer some questions on this topic. Questions such as: Why are African-Americans so much less prosperous than whites? Why do so many black children flounder in school? I will start to talk about how it is in America today and the conditions of the African-Americans of today. I explain why their situation is, as it is and talk about family background, education, the labor market, suggests how to narrow the gap between black and white Americans in future and finally I will discuss the importance of role models. My story I had never thought that I would become a Harvard professor, especially if you asked me when I was 15 years old. If you asked me when I was 15 years old what I would be doing when I was 30. I will answer that I would probably be dead. At that time I was hanging out with a gang and selling drugs on the side. My parents split up when I was very young. At one time I had to borrow money to bail my father out of jail. My great-aunt...
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...For decades people from all over the world, representing a group of ethnic and cultural backgrounds, have viewed America as ideals of hope and opportunity. That arrival of immigrants forever changed the culture of this country and the United States was often referred to as a country with numerous backgrounds. Such a perspective of cultural diversity implies that upon entering the United States, the cultural values and beliefs of people from different cultures are somehow blended into one cultural value system. According to businessdictionary.com, consumer behavior is the process by which individuals search for, select, purchase, use, and dispose of goods and services, in satisfaction of their needs and wants. People with different ethnicity backgrounds tend to buy things a little bit differently than others. Trying to figure out what they want, how they want and where they want is what marketers sometimes have difficulties deciding. The different ethnicities in the U.S. that would be covered include: Caucasian Americans, African Americans, Hispanics, Asians, and Indians. “The U.S. population is highly ethnically and racially diverse. As of the 2010 Census, the U.S. population was 63.7% White, 12.2% African American and 16.3% Hispanic” (Akcay 2012). Going into detail on how these ethnicities make their purchase decision and comparing them would be the main purpose of this research. Why do people buy the things that they buy, is one question that many marketers try to figure out...
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...Cultural Background Paper SOC/100: INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY Cultural Background Paper January 12, 2011 Margaret Wander CULTURAL BACKGROUND The term sociology first derived from the Greek word for the study of knowledge. Sociology is a social science view of society. Sociology emerged from enlightenment thought, shortly after the French Revolution, as a positivist science of society. Its origin owed to various key movements in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of knowledge. Sociology was first coined from the French in the eighteenth century by an essayist in an unpublished manuscript. Sociology then went on to be defined with the term social physics, but that had subsequently been appropriated by others. Social research sprang from sociology, but has since gained a degree of autonomy as practitioners from other disciplines share its purpose. Similarly, social science has come to be appropriated as an umbrella term to refer to various disciplines which study society or human culture. Sociology is the study of human beings and their behavior in a social atmosphere. The term culture is defined as a way of learning through customs and traditions. African-American culture is rooted from Africa; this paper will include a synopsis of similarities and differences between the norms of my cultural background and those of the dominant American culture. As an African-American Female, born and raised in Chicago, Illinois. I am the fifth of eight...
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...Cultural sensitivity in the healthcare environment is a crucial component of the nursing program. Nurses must learn how to be sensitive to different cultures as their patients will come from different backgrounds and viewpoints. Without sensitivity, a nurse cannot properly fulfill their job as a caregiver. Authors P.D. Henderson, S.V. Gore, and B.L. Davis (2003) focus on the African American women population in relation to breast cancer recovery. This is an important topic within cultural sensitivity not only because it focuses on the female population on their coping with breast cancer, but it also focuses specifically on African American women. I found this research article as an excellent exploration of the patient population as it discusses the varying coping strategies used by African American women. As nurses learn about these coping strategies, they can better assist this specific population. Henderson and his colleagues set out to determine the way in which African American cope with breast cancer. The authors specified that they approached this research believing that this population may very well cope similarly to breast cancer as other cultures, but their goal was to determine if there were differences. Their study involved 66 African American women located in the United States who were diagnosed with breast cancer (Pg. 641). Interviews were performed with each individual participant and data from the interview was tape-recorded. A qualitative analysis was...
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...English 130 Final Draft of English Term paper African American Body issues. There are a lot of pictures showing mothers, their sons, and relationship structures in families. I obtained this image by searching for ‘juvenile delinquent families’ on GOOGLE. The picture itself was a still from EBONY magazine, published in 2005, showing the inevitable consequence of the youth having children, and the alarming rate at which this happens in the US. Since EBONY magazine focuses on the current events of African American celebrities and the culture as a whole, it would make sense that the audience is predominantly African American, but also frequent readers of the magazine. The picture actually has 2 parts to the overall image. The first part is set in the Bronx, and has three members of an African American family (a father, son and mother), standing aloof from each other. The other image tied to this picture shows the boy a few years older, but behind bars. The caption highlights single mom homes as a leading cause for juvenile delinquents. This image negatively predicts that broken African-American families lead to criminal children. What initially captured my attention was the facial expression of the father in the image. His head is turned to the side and he has a look of disgust as if to say: “I want nothing more to do with my wife or my son”. His facial expression also highlights a stern young adult, which gives the picture more of a “thuggish outlook”. His...
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...The Effect of African-American Students Socioeconomic Status on how it Affects College Retention and Graduation Rates at Historically Black Colleges and Universities Abstract With Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) graduation rates at the lowest they have been in the last decade I have become concerned. It makes me wonder what is causing this and what needs to be done in order to change this. While reading an article from The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (JBHE) I found out that out of the thirty-seven of the four year HBCUs only four of them have a graduation rate over fifty percent. These institutions are Spelman College with a rate of seventy-nine percent, Howard University with a rate of sixty-four percent, Morehouse College with a rate of sixty-one percent, and Hampton University with a rate of fifty-four percent (JBHE, 2012). The purpose of paper is to find out what are some of the factors that are playing a major role in the graduation and retention rates of African-American students at HBCUs and what can be done to help increase these numbers. The Effect Students Socioeconomic Status on High it Affects College Retention and Graduation Rates The first thing that I wanted to look at was the family background of the average African-American student attending a HBCU. I wanted to know how their socioeconomic status directly affected their overall performance, and if the parental educational attainment affected the student’s success while...
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...RUNNING HEAD: CULTURE AND PARENTING Culture and parenting Introduction Parenting is the first and likely most important mechanism through which culture is reproduced (Cauce, 2008). Every child is born into a certain circumstance and learns through interactions with the surroundings. Parents are generally the first and key people in a child’s life, so it should come as no surprise that parenting has influences on the development of children’s temperament, which later impacts their school performance. This article is going to explore how parenting varies among different ethnic groups including Asian Americans, African American, Latinos, and European Americans. More specifically, what factors should be included when considering the parenting characteristics of a unique ethnic group and what implications might they have for schooling today. Theories Two of the modern theories that are concerned with cultural influences on human development are Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory and Ecological Systems Theory proposed by Urie Bronfenbrenner. First, Vygotsky’s theory defined culture as the values, beliefs, customs, and skills of a social group. His Sociocultural Theory focuses on how culture is transmitted to the next generation. According to Vygotsky, social interaction – in particular, cooperative dialogues with more knowledgeable members of society – is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking...
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...Heritage assessment Pamela Taylor Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion Nursing 429 Leslie Minjarez March 18, 2015 (Bench Assessment) Heritage assessment In the seventies, growing up in the inner-city ghetto of Baltimore, Maryland lived in a dilapidated, rat, and roach infested home. In addition, attended public schools, monopoly of corner store that sold unhealthy foods and observing on the streets men shooting dice for money. As nurses, we should be culturally sensitive to our patient’s needs and build a trusting patient-nurse relationship. Today this paper will evaluate the common health traditions and practices based on cultural heritage, compare and contrast cultural practices and traditions and address health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration. Usefulness of Applying a Heritage Assessment Different people from everywhere in the world are generating the population of the United States. (“APHA”, 2007) The purpose of applying a Heritage Assessment is to care for a patient mind, body and spirit with the help of the nursing staff, physicians, and social work. Moreover, a heritage assessment can help a patient’s, or a health practitioner’s to get a better interpretation of national, cultural and spiritual customs. Direct connection with all patient and their families is crucial. These historic practices include a state of harmony between the patient, family, and the community. There are special ways to maintain...
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...com, studymode.com, Franklin, J., & Moss Jr., A. (2000). From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans. Eighth Edition. New York, NY: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. Lawson, Steven F. “Segregation.” Freedom’s Story, Teacher Serve©. National Humanities Center. Retrieved on July 7, 2012. http://www.history.com/topics/slavery. NAACP: 100 Years of History. Retrieved from http://www.naacp.org/pages/naacp-history My Dearest Friend Charlotte, It is nice to hear from you after all these years that we have been apart and gotten so busy in our lives to keep in regular contact. I am glad to hear that things are going so very well for you and your family. In your last letter I read that you would like to knowmore about my race and would like to use some of it for your paper for your class. I would be very happy to share some insight on my race and give you some background information on African Americans. The African decent has shaped the course of American history for over 500 years, such as the fight against slavery to the March on Washington. In the early 17th century white European settlers turned and went from indentured servants, which were mostly poorer Europeans to a cheaper labor source: the African slaves (History, 2009). In 1619 a Dutch ship brought 10 Africans to the British colony on Jamestown, Virginia. From that time on slavery spread quickly throughout the American colonies. The Stono Uprising in September of 1739 in South Carolina was the most serious slave...
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...Biracial Identities within the African American and White Communities Black enough, white enough, light or dark enough are just a few aspects to a biracial individual’s physical perception. For many with one ethic background, understanding who and what they are tends to be reflections of the expectations that are held by society. Those who carry a dual ethnic background have dealt with many expectations of identification not only by society but by standards upheld culturally as well as a parental influence in regards to exposure to both ethnicities. From early interactions of blacks and whites, a slave master and his slaves operated with a purpose to erase blacks from society and purify the American race. These actions transitioned the views of biracial individuals into a focus of passing through society as color was essential and being too dark was detrimental. Historically, self identification and association with specific ethnic backgrounds were dismissed to fit society’s standards causing one to identify as more white than black. Passing through the early 20th century became an important component to a person deriving from the African American and White communities. Jim Crow laws and other governmental provisions denied many African Americans opportunities in everyday life because of their darker skin causing a huge jump for those who were biracial; black and white to take advantage of their light skin to “pass” in order to get through society. Light bright skin just...
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...established to serve the educational needs of African Americans. Cheney University of Pennsylvania marked the beginning of educational opportunities for blacks. Prior to the time of their establishment, and for many years afterwards, blacks were generally denied admission to predominately white institutions (PWI). As a result, HBCUs became the principle means for providing postsecondary education to black Americans. In an address made by former U.S. President George Bush, he stated: “At a time when many schools barred their doors to black Americans, these colleges offered the best, and often the only, opportunity for a higher education” (“HBCUs and Higher Education Desegregation”). Historically Black Colleges and Universities provide valuable educational opportunities for African Americans. Although there have been continual controversies concerning the place and role of these institutions within the larger framework of higher education, over the years changes have occurred in the functions and perceptions of these establishments (Roebuck and Mury 1). In Title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965, Congress officially defined an HBCU as an institution whose principal mission was and is the education of black Americans (“About HBCUs”). Even after the abolition of slavery in 1865, the African American population was yet faced with major prejudices and discrimination (Mullane 386). Due to this, the possibility of an African American receiving an education seemed slim to none...
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...different from you. During this activity exercise, you will have the opportunity to engage with an individual who identifies themself as coming from a background or culture that is not your own. PART I: FINDING YOUR INTERVIEWEE Using the list below, review the potential categories of identity. In one color, highlight the categories that you identify with. Then find someone that identifies with a different term(s) than you. Highlight those terms with a different color. For example, if you are African American, find someone who is European American, Caribbean American or from another country. Or, you might interview someone who identifies as middle or upper middle or upper class if you come from a working class background. If you are Hindu, you might interview someone who is Jewish, Muslim or Christian. If you identify as heterosexual, you might interview someone who identifies themselves as bisexual, transgender, lesbian, or gay. Class: Middle-class Upper-class Working-class Religion: Atheist/Agnostic Buddhist Christian Hindu Jewish Muslim Other: ________________ Nationality: U.S.-American Other:___________________ Age: Senior Citizen Race/Ethnicity: African American Asian American European American Native American Southeast Asian Caucasian American Hispanic American Middle Eastern American Other:___________________ Gender Identity: Female Male Transgender Other: ___________________ Sexual Orientation: Bisexual Lesbian ...
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...society contains an amount of individuals who have shared information of ethics, morals, views, or actions. In culture, information can be a result in skills, attitudes, belief, unlike persons, or services. In cultural diversity, there is an intellect of conduct that has been well-read from involvements or designs approved through messages after one group to the following. Sub-Culture are groups in or lesser than a cultural group which takes individuals of a dissimilar cultural family, place of residence, faith, or new thinkable factors that can transport the group together. Ethnicity shows a big part in culture as of today. Ethnicity, or cultural individuality, mentions to connect in cultural groups. Culture groups are clear by common ethnic performs, such as holidays, languages, and customs. Individuals can part the similar ethnic group then have dissimilar ethnic groups. In this paper, personal issues will be discussed within cultural diversity, understanding of the concepts, and reflects on the American Counseling Association (ACA) and National Association for Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors (NAADAC) codes of ethics. Cultural diversity is the cultural variety and cultural changes that are in the world, a culture, or an organization. It is also the presence of diverse people in a set or society. Cultural diversity (also known as multiculturalism) is a group of diverse individuals with consist of different cultures or societies. Typically, cultural diversity takes into consideration...
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...Paper Elizabeth Asch is one of two teachers in a community education preschool classroom in Michigan. She works with children from different socioeconomic statuses, different cultural backgrounds, and with different abilities and disabilities. Asch (personal communication, November 6, 2014) explained her job responsibilities include leading groups, creating lessons, helping the children progress in school, and home visits occasionally. She began working at daycare centers in high school, attended college for a few years, took a few years off to raise children, and then began looking for classroom jobs. The families that have attended her classroom are from both similar and diverse cultural backgrounds. She has had students from Hispanic, African American, Middle Eastern, Asian, and Caucasian families. There are rewards that accompany working with diverse families, Asch explains that she enjoys teaching the children about different cultures as well as learning about them from the children and parents. The students tell her stories about their families and their cultural practices, such as holidays, which she encourages them to tell. It is rewarding for her to be able to make connections with the students and their parents. A specific example that she always remembers is about an African American child from a lower SES who was in one of her classes who did not have the best life at home. He had problem behaviors and trust issues, but she was able to encourage him to open up to...
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...African Americans have a dream If people want to learn about the real African-American life during the 1920s, undoubtedly, a good way is to read Langston Hughes’s works. Hughes writes lots of poetry about pursuing an American Spirit which realizes no discrimination, freedom and equality in the entire American society. Hughes hopes all African American can be respected by entire society. African Americans have relatively equal chances to compete with white people and have similar living condition as whites’ families which at least have a house and a car. The two poems of Hughes’ “I, Too” and “Theme for English B” describe Hughes’ desired American Spirit. In these two poems “ I, Too” and Theme for English B”, Hughes shares his experience as African American who lives under basic living condition, in hopes of encouraging more blacks to fight for equal rights. From the poem “I, too”, Hughes writes “I, too, sing America” (ln.1). As a common American people who learn American history and love American culture, although Hughes ’ancestry is African, he was born and grew up in the Unites States. Hughes also writes “I, too, am America” (ln.18). Although white people and black people have different skin color and background in the United States, they are all American. People can learn some idea about equality from Hughes. Hughes says when guests come to their home, white person can eat at the table but darker brother only can eat in the kitchen in the poem “I...
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