...Express, an International Journal of Multi Disciplinary Research ISSN: 2348 – 2052 , Vol. 1, Issue 2, Feb 2014 Available at: www.express‐journal.com The Cultural Agenda of Translation & Arabization: Aspects of the Problems by Dr. Ali Albashir Mohammed Al-haj Department of English Faculty of Arts& humanities Jazan University Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Abstract Translation is activity – a cultural activity at that-intended to widen the area of human understanding and communication with reference to general and specific information. The basic requirement relevant to good translation is that the translator must have a thorough knowledge of the cultures of both the source language and the target language. The translator needs not sit biting nails and rush to the dictionary every ten minutes. When it has been accepted that translation is not only important but also necessary to our Arab World, there is no point in pondering over the problems of translations. Cultural proximity is a big advantage for translators, it is rewarding for them to look for this when they choose their work. Arabization is part and parcel of the whole journey of the Arab societies to its roots. The starting-off point for any translator is their preferred future; in order to arrive at the destination then it is clearly important to know what the destination is. But it is perhaps better to think 1 Express, an International Journal of Multi Disciplinary Research ...
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...Arabic VS. English Within a broad spectrum of languages that revolve around different nationalities and religions, we find ourselves gifted with the art of understanding and incorporating any given language that we’ve gotten the chance to learn. We use such language in order to communicate and relate to one another on any given subject, whether the language is the same or not. With both participants understanding the two separate languages, we can further understand what our partners are saying even when they use a second language to fit their statements into proper context. With languages easier to translate, some smoother than others, I come to explain some of the differences and similarities between the language of Arabic, and the language of English. When we come to compare the language similarities between English and the intricate language of Arabic, what’s brought to our attention in an apparent fashion, is the fact that there simply isn’t many similarities between them. Although, what does come to mind when we think of extremely basic similarities, is the grammatical placement of commas and common tools used to change tone and speed in the English language. Other than that, many things within the Arabic language come in opposites, or in a scrambled order. For example; when we type, or write, we fill out our text from right to left. If you were to download an Arabic keyboard application on your mobile phone, you’ll realize that there’s an incredible difference in...
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...Chapter 8 1. How has Islam shaped conceptions of music for the peoples of the Middle East? In the Middle East, Islam is not just a religion; it is a way of life. Islam’s influence spread in the Middle East music conceptions. For example, the Arabic scale is strongly melodic, based around various maqamat or modes. Also, Mann explains that “under the wide rule of Islam, vulgar lyrics and suggestive dancing by women became illegal. Much post-Islamic music is used in ceremonial dance and recreation. (Mann)” In the Middle East, people may hear their songs of praise and prayer. The “World Music: A global Journey, says that “in addition to being suspicious of the sensual aspects of music Islamic aesthetics frowns on realistic representation in art, especially of the human form, to avoid the temptation toward idol worship. But as with sound, it may not always be obvious to outsiders what is considered art and what is not. (Miller 255)” Because, the influence of Islam has had great impact on people related with music, and people used to meditation, trance, and self-flagellation with one’s a higher sense of God while listening music. 2. What is modal improvisation? Is it primarily a compositional or a freely expressive form of performance? According to Henry, modal improvisation is that “a typical modal tune may have only two or three chords, and each may last 8 or even 16 measures. In one sense, modal playing is much easier than playing changes, since it does not require your brain...
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...Sections Found Accounting Select CRN Subj Crse Sec Cmp Cred NR 21138 ACC 201 01 M 3.000 Title Fund of Financial Accounting Days Time TRU Instructor Date Location Attribute (MM/DD) 02/03-06/01 SBM 009 Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective Design Managmnt Major_Elective and Design Managmnt Minor_Elective and Economics Major_BAE_Elective and Eng'g Managmnt_Minor_Elective and MTH Major_Elective 09:00 Marian I. Mason am-09:50 (P) am NR 21139 ACC 201 02 M 3.000 Fund of Financial Accounting TRU Ronald D. 12:00 pm-12:50 Williams (P) pm 02/03-06/01 SBM 012 ...
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...1. How has Islam shaped conceptions of music for the peoples of the Middle East? In the Middle East, Islam is not just a religion; it is a way of life. Islam’s influence spread in the Middle East music conceptions. For example, the Arabic scale is strongly melodic, based around various maqamat or modes. Also, Mann explains that “under the wide rule of Islam, vulgar lyrics and suggestive dancing by women became illegal. Much post-Islamic music is used in ceremonial dance and recreation. (Mann)” In the Middle East, people may hear their songs of praise and prayer. The “World Music: A global Journey, says that “in addition to being suspicious of the sensual aspects of music Islamic aesthetics frowns on realistic representation in art, especially of the human form, to avoid the temptation toward idol worship. But as with sound, it may not always be obvious to outsiders what is considered art and what is not. (Miller 255)” Because, the influence of Islam has had great impact on people related with music, and people used to meditation, trance, and self-flagellation with one’s a higher sense of God while listening music. 2. What is modal improvisation? Is it primarily a compositional or a freely expressive form of performance? According to Henry, modal improvisation is that “a typical modal tune may have only two or three chords, and each may last 8 or even 16 measures. In one sense, modal playing is much easier than playing changes, since it does not require your brain to do as...
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...Dear Sir or Madam, My awakening to the realization that communication is vital in all aspects of life came as a result of the inspiration from my parents that education is not just an approach to success, but a strong supplier to the development of societies. Through the various experiences of life that I have encountered in life, I have seen it fit to apply for admission to the Ph.D. Communication Program for the fall 2015. I was born and raised in Tabuk City in Saudi Arabia. Upon graduation from secondary school I enrolled to the Arabic language education, BS. Program in University of Tabuk. While pursuing my undergraduate studies I took the idea of pursuing my higher education from the United States into consideration. So, I enrolled to a Communication Art program at New York Institute of Technology (NYIT.) and currently I am about to finish my studies by May 2015.this program will enable me to place a primary emphasis on the areas of public communication as there is a definite problem with our leaders. The leaders in Saudi Arabia often end up in problems due to their communication skills and the studying of this course will ensure that I help solve the problem. Additionally, the study will enable me to relate the field of journalism with mass communication. As an individual, I have always had the notion that a master degree from a prestigious educational institution located in a nation that leads the world’s economy will provide me with praiseworthy knowledge and skills...
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...Diglossia In Arabic. The Arab world has 22 countries and all of those countries use Arabic as a source of their first language. However, Arabic language can be used in both Colloquial Arabic and Classical Arabic. This means that every country in the Arab world would have their own way of talking and communicating informally, which is why the Aaamiya or Colloqiol language exists. Diglossia can be defined as a language that has two versions; the high, prestigious and formal version (Classical) and the low, informal, easy to use daily version (Aamiyya, Colloquial). The Classical Arabic language is known to be a language that is with high prestige and cannot be taught to non-speaking Arabs as easily as one might think. It is to the degree that Arab speakers themselves find the Classical Arabic difficult to use in which this why they prefer to use they’re Colloquial version instead. Islam’s Holy book, The Quran, is written in the Classical Arabic and linguists strongly believe that The Quran’s language is like no other. It is definitely unique and different from the other holy books of other religions in terms of the way of writing. Another good example of a country that faces diglossia as well is China. China has been using the Classical Chinese for over 2000 years. But now, Modern Chinese is the informal way of talking, however, like Arabic, they would tend to use Classical Chinese to write or when formal occasions occur. The everlasting question that is ongoing is whether...
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...condition of application. Keywords: Alabaster, Wadi Sannur, Wadi Assiuty, Ageing, Consolidant 1. Introduction Alabaster name may derive further from the Ancient Egyptian word alabaste, which refers to vessels of the Egyptian goddess Bast, who was represented as a lioness and frequently depicted as such when placed atop these alabaster vessels. It has been suggested that the name was derived from the town of Alabaster on in Egypt, while an arabic etymological origin has also been suggested by Harrell, 1990 [1]. Travertine also is commonly referred to as alabaster in the Egyptological literature, with this term being derived from alabastrites, the ancient Roman name for the stone [2]. The technically correct name for the Egyptian stone is "travertine" and its dense, non-porous character classifies it as the sub-variety "calcareous sinter". It is very different from the spongy-looking, highly porous "calcareous tufa" from near Tivoli, Italy, which is more closely associated with the name "travertine" in the minds of many archaeologists and art historians. Egyptian travertine is also referred to by some scholars as Egyptian or Oriental (as opposed to true) alabaster, "calcitealabaster" or simply "calcite" [3]. In ancient Egypt alabaster is one of the stone most employed in subsidiary building 16 materials, also one of the main status symbols as presents of the pharaohs to the gods or to other king, It was popular in ancient Egypt for funerary vessels to contain the viscera of mummies...
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...Study Guide to Accompany Meggs’ History of Graphic Design Fourth Edition Prepared by Susan Merritt Professor and Head of Graphic Design School of Art, Design, and Art History San Diego State University (SDSU) With assistance from Chris McCampbell and Jenny Yoshida John Wiley & Sons, Inc. i DISCLAIMER The information in this book has been derived and extracted from a multitude of sources including building codes, fire codes, industry codes and standards, manufacturer’s literature, engineering reference works, and personal professional experience. It is presented in good faith. Although the authors and the publisher have made every reasonable effort to make the information presented accurate and authoritative, they do not warrant, and assume no liability for, its accuracy or completeness or fitness for any specific purpose. The information is intended primarily as a learning and teaching aid, and not as a final source of information for the design of building systems by design professionals. It is the responsibility of users to apply their professional knowledge in the application of the information presented in this book, and to consult original sources for current and detailed information as needed, for actual design situations. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2006 by John Wiley and Sons. All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced...
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...Women in the Middle East have been inspires the Arab Uprising movement. Since the fall these leaders’ women have raised their voices. They demanded equal justice for all people. Many of them are planning to be part of the coming elections. Driving car in Saudi Arabia has always been controversial issue. The Human Rights organization has raised concerns and requests the government to up lift the ban. Saudi Arabia is not rule by the Royal family. It is rule by religious conservative scholars.’ Although, there is no word in the Holly Quran saying women never drive cars. These religious leaders make women accept the ban as a part of their culture. We saw democracy is uprising in the Middle East. Women in Saudi Arabia saw it is a window of opportunity to over throw that law. Since the uprising Saudi young women have been put in jail by violating the law. The King never succeeds to convince these religious leaders to change their view. He is now suggesting up lifting the ban and allowing women to vote. Millions of religious supports are questioning how the vote will pass these conservative figures. Women in the Muslim world are empowering themselves. This is important step for women in Saudi Arabia. These women who never drive cars are one step closer to achieve their dream. This is one of many things they like to change. They are focusing to take a concrete step to change how their government sees Saudi women. They want to create environment where Saudi women not men and women...
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...him, my name is Khan… and I’m not a terrorist”; that was Rizwan Khan pleading to the officer of Dept. of Homeland Security, after he was detained by authorities at Los Angeles Airport who mistake his disability for suspicious behavior as he was reciting prayers in Arabic in his own way. Rizwan, A Muslim who suffers from Asperger's syndrome, a form of high-functioning autism that complicates socialization, embarked on an extraordinary journey to meet the US president to clear his and his son’s name, when his teenage son was killed in a racial violence after the 9-11 terrorist attack. It’s not a real life story; it’s the plot of the world-renowned movie “My Name is Khan”. Unfortunately real life tragedies of Arabic speaker in everyday life don’t always have happy endings like Rizwan’s, in that movie. After 9-11 Arabic speakers were blacklisted, shunned and suffered losses, and some were killed; In the catastrophic event of 9-11 along with the religion Islam, the language got agonized, anyone who speaks it, anyone who is directly or indirectly attached to it – Arabic, the most misunderstood, misjudged and unappreciated language of current Western world. The aim of this essay is to discuss the negative stereotypes of Arabic speakers portrayed in western society with examples given in relation to the role of the media and the effects of religious racism on average everyday life of users of this language. Religiously and ethnically diverse societies produce a range of constantly changing...
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...neither the pronunciation nor the original name of the star—thus, our high school astronomy club's cutesy mnemonic of "Beetle Juice." I don't recall ever learning that the name came from the Arabic bayt al jauza, meaning "in the house of the twins," referring to the Heavenly Twins, Castor and Pollux, hanging out right above Orion. Speaking of high school, I did not do well in mathematics, but I am willing to give Al-Khwarizmi (known to us as Algorizm!) (770 - 840) his credit if he takes a bit of my blame. I will take all the blame for not knowing who Chaucer was talking about in theCanterbury Tales, when, in praising the knowledge of the doctor on the trip, he reminded us that ye olde pilgrim sawbones was familiar not only with Hippocrates and Galen, but "Rhazes, Hali, Averroës and Avicenna." It is convenient—but not a good idea—to pigeonhole our own cultural history into tidy episodes: The Renaissance, The Age of Reason, The Enlightenment, The This & That, as if they had happened all of a sudden with no connection to anything else—as if Leonardo woke up one fine morning in 1500, looked at his homemade (obviously) hour-glass and said "Gee, it's the Renaissance; I'd better build a helicopter." The point of this entry, then, is simply to draw your attention to how interconnected European and Arabic culture used to be, and how there is a link between the glorious age of Arab science and culture (800-1100)...
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...The Arab Language History Arabic belongs to the Semitic family of languages, which also includes Hebrew, Syriac, Aramaic, and several languages of Ethiopia, such as the Amharic and the Tigrinya. Arabic and Hebrew are the only Semitic languages that are still used today both in their writing and speaking forms. Arabic is widely spoken on two continents, from North Africa to the Arabian Peninsula. It is the official language of twenty countries with more than 220 million inhabitants, placing it among the top ten languages of the world in number of speakers. The numerical, political, cultural, and religious status of the language was formally recognized by the United Nations in 1973 when Arabic was made the sixth official language of that body (the others are Chinese, English, Russian, French, and Spanish). Most people know that Arabic is the written and spoken language of the 220 million people of the Arab world, but few realize that the Arabic script is used by approximately one-seventh of the world's population. Its alphabet, with some modification, is used to write non-Semitic languages as well, such as Persian, Urdu and Kurdish (i.e. The Arabic Zaa' with the addition of two dots, becomes the sound 'Zhe' as in Zhivago; the Arabic Faa' with the addition of two dots, makes the 'V' sound and so on—sounds that do not exist in Arabic, but do in Kurdish, Persian and Urdu). The Turkish language employed Arabic script until the 1920's. Several African and Asian languages, such...
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...CS FORM No. 100 (Revised November 2012) . This Form is NOT for sale. Reproduction is allowed. APPLICATION NO. _______________ APPLICATION FOR CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION To be filled-out by Applicant Examination Applied For : Paper-and-Pencil Test (PPT) Mode Computer-Assisted Test (CAT) Level CSE-Professional Others CSE-SubProfessional Place of Examination ______________________________ Verified against: DIBAR E-Retakers OEVS For Processor ONLY CSC Regional Office ______________________________ Date of Examination (mm/dd/yyyy) ID PHOTO (see Specifications at the back) Last Examination Taken : (for Career Service Examination Applicants only) CSE-SubProfessional CSE-Professional Date of Exam (mm/dd/yyyy) Instructions : READ ADMISSION AND APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS AT THE BACK PAGE. DO NOT APPLY IF NOT QUALIFIED. Fill in all the required information. DO NOT leave an item blank. If item is not applicable, indicate “N/A”. All applications must be filed PERSONALLY by applicant. NAME (Last Name) (First Name) CSID NO. (if any) (Middle Name) (M.I.) (Ext. Name, i.e. Jr./Sr., if any) A. FACTS OF BIRTH AGE DATE OF BIRTH (mm/dd/yyyy) SEX Male PLACE OF BIRTH Female ( Last Name) (First Name) (Middle Name) (City / Municipality) (Province) (Country) CITIZENSHIP MOTHER’S MAIDEN NAME B. CURRENT DEMOGRAPHIC DATA PERMANENT/MAILING ADDRESS (Room / Floor / Unit No. / Bldg. Name) (Barangay) HEIGHT (meters) WEIGHT (kg) (City / Municipality) CIVIL STATUS Single (House / Lot...
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...Question 4: If you were member of ABD's management team, what countries would you recommend targeting first? As a manager, you would need to justify your recommendation. A good approach is to investigate key characteristics of specific countries via globalEDGE or similar Web sites. Answer: First of all, to produce advanced biomedical devices lucratively requires high technology, biomedical engineering services at enough level, to be independent about work in process and raw materials, sufficient control-reporting, coordination and r&d activities very well. Advanced medical devices are produced by finite number companies. Accordingly products of these production is difficult and costly. Countries which have not these features must obtain the products via import. At first, we should assign the countries which have not capacity and technology to produce these products. We should focus on underdeveloped or the developing countries due to the features such as low levels of productivity, technology, capacity, insufficient information education and materials about sector. ABD's management team can export advenced biomedical devices to Azerbajian, Nakhichevan, Iraq, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia etc. And it may use Turkey as the place of manufacturing because of Turkey is in the region which is near these countries and has many advantages about technology, sufficient capacity as regards these countries. ABD can use the opportunity of location of Turkey for manufacturing, in this way it...
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