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Cap Leases

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Capital Leases | Overview

According to FASB ASC 840 (n.d.) (IAS 17), a capital lease exists if one of four conditions is met: the transfer of title of the asset to the lessee, the lease includes a bargain purchase option, the lease period is equal to or greater than 75% of the estimated economic life of the asset, or the present value of the minimum lease payments is 90% or more of the fair value of the asset less investment tax credit held by the lessor.

Capital Leases | Requirements of the Lessee

The lessee should report the asset and liability on the balance sheet or in footnotes at the present value of the minimum lease payments at the beginning of the lease unless the fair value of the leased asset at lease inception is lower (FASB ASC 840, n.d.). Disclosure requirements in the balance sheet or footnotes include the gross amount of assets recorded under capital leases, future minimum lease payments, and total of minimum sublease rentals (FASB ASC 840, n.d.). The income statement presentation must include the total contingent rentals (FASB ASC 840, n.d.).

Capital Leases | Requirements of the Lessor

Lease agreements, in general, require systematic payments from the lessee to the lessor. Depending on the recognition of the lessor’s income, historically in relation to lease agreements, the lessor had an option to either follow the accounting matching principle and pair lease payments with the applicable operating cost in any given period or chose to recognize the revenue earned from the lease payments within the period received (Schroeder, Clark, & Cathey, 2005). Recent guidelines set forth by FASB ASC 840 (IAS 17) provide detailed criteria related to disclosure and reporting requirements based on the lease agreement type.

Sales -Type Leases

A sales-type lease is a capital lease in which the lessor recognizes a profit or

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