...Kenya in the year of 1989. It basically deals with subjects like growing up, being caught in culture, religion and tradition, and how it feels to be trapped. Analysis The action takes place in Kenya in possibly the time period around the 1970’s-80. We can tell that, because the events take place in a Maasai tribe, which is in Kenya. We can approximately determine the time, because the sister in the story, Nyamalo, goes to secondary school, which indicates that we are in a newer time, perhaps about the time that it is published. The action we are told lasts for two years. The first part of the story is a collection of flashbacks and the second part, which begins in line 12 on page 16, takes place in the present. The narration is a first person narrator and is very subjective, because it is the character, we follow through the entire action. Her name is Naliki, and she is 12 years old. She, as a character, is very afraid, forsaken and unhappy. Her sister Nyamalo has been “sold” when she was ten years old, and in the end of the story she realizes, that now, when she is 12, it is her turn to get married. She is very sensitive about it and scared about the thought of getting married, but at the same time she shows curiosity, when she is eavesdropping at times, she is not allowed to. Her sister Nyamalo is like Naliki very rebellious and fights against this old tradition. She is a role model for the sister and there is a close bond between them. They are both in pain and are in desperate...
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...different doctrines of Christianity or Gnosticism. For example, regarding the nature of Judas’s betrayal to Jesus, gnostic doctrine has completely different interpretation from the canonical Christianity. The Gospel of Matthew, representation of orthodox Christianity, portrays Judas as ‘who betrayed him’(Gospel of Mathew 26:25) because orthodox Christianity believes in God, in the canonical gospels and executes atonement. Base upon their belief, Judas who sold Jesus’s life for money is undoubtedly considered evil and bad, and as the Gospel narrates, he ended his own life in a sense of guilty. Hence, it’s clear that canonical Christianity portrays Judas as the betrayer was an endeavor of elevating Jesus’s divine figure and exemplifying their religious principles with the story behind Jesus’s crucification. Similarly, gnostic doctrine who justified Judas was trying to provide and preach their understanding of Judas’s action and gnostic configuration of the heaven, gnostic attitude towards sin and atonement behind Judas’s deed with their version of the...
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...empathy on the narration about the characters that are portrayed by the writers. Freedom is a perception of the minds as well as a belief of the particular status whether on an individual level or not. Freedom presents an image of the beliefs of the society in defining what is wrong and right. Different communities have rules to which those who believe in them follow and this is diverse depending on culture. Literature is mutually related to freedom as the writer chooses the direction the story will head and the reader has the option of acceptance or denial about the theme in the story. The analysis is presented of two artists who have dwelled on the subject of freedom in their narration providing a clear understanding of the association between liberty and literature. The woman’s swimming pool is a story by Hanna Al-Shaykh, who portrays the conventional fights women face in Islamic-Arab countries. In the story, she plainly depicts the depleting pressure the young storyteller faces as she satisfies the objectives of going to the sea. The presentation of the narration is from a young woman side where accompanied by her grandmother embark on the journey to Beirut to make her fantasy on visiting the sea one day come true. The story denotes the contention of strict religious points of view and customary views, and the restrictions that a young woman faces when in between the traditions of two world. The young were raised believing in the Muslims tradition, and her views were restricted...
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...612 in 2012) emerged as a major power in the 1990s'. It is militarily strong, has major cultural influence and a fast-growing and powerful economy. With its many languages, cultures and religions, India is highly diverse. This is also reflected in its federal political system, whereby power is shared between the central government and 28 states. Religions not only have been serving as the foundation of the culture of India, but have had enormous effect on Indian politics and society. In India, religion is a way of life. It is an integral part of the entire Indian tradition. A vast majority of Indians, (over 93%) associate themselves with a religion. According to the 2001 census 80.5% of the population of India practice Hinduism, Islam (13.4%), Christianity (2.3%), Sikhism (1.9%), Buddhism (0.8%) and Jainism (0.4%) are the other major religions followed by the people of India. There are also numerous minor tribal traditions, though these have been affected by major religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Christianity. It is in this diverse context we have...
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...movement directed primarily against dissolution of personalistic, patriarchal notions of order and social relations and their replacement by depersonalized principles.” In the follow-up book to the five-volume Fundamentalism Project, Almond et al. (2003, p. 17) define fundamentalism as “a discernible pattern of religious militance by which self-styled ‘true believers’ attempt to arrest the erosion of religious identity, fortify the borders of the religious community, and create viable alternatives to secular institutions and behaviors.” Put most directly...
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...let's start with the lottery as a way of upsetting reader expectations. After all, communities across America practice different annual traditions – Easter egg hunts (with origins in early fertility rituals), Christmas tree decorating (check out those patron trees of the Germanic tribes), or July 4th fireworks (well, that one just celebrates the adoption of the Declaration of Independence ...). Anyway, our point is that we're all comfortable with yearly rituals – and it's often not widely known how these celebrations began. See how tradition obscures the history of public ritual? Anyway, back to the lottery. So, we associate lotteries with good things (winning cash prizes!) and annual celebrations also seem pleasant. We talk about this in "What's Up With the Title?" so we'll just say here that, like the blooming, cheerful village itself, there's nothing in the lottery that immediately suggests anything is wrong with this set-up. The lottery is, in fact, operating as an allegory of village life itself: at first, it seems harmless, but then we start to wonder what's going on with all the subdued smiles and piles of stones. So, if the lottery is an allegory of the community, its rules and proceedings must in some way correspond to real-life elements of village society; we mean, if Jackson was willing meticulously to give so many of the characters heavily symbolic names, we have to assume that she's equally careful in developing the lottery as an allegory. One thing that's striking...
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...THE LOTTERY - SUMMARY In A Nutshell "The Lottery" caused major controversy when it was first published in the June 26, 1948 issue of The New Yorker. Shirley Jackson's implicit critique of the brutality underlying the rituals and values of America's small towns outraged magazine readers, many of whom cancelled their subscriptions (see the Encyclopedia Britannica for more on the tale's publication history). As a side note – Jackson based "The Lottery" on her life in North Bennington, Vermont (source). Some of us here at Shmoop happen to be from that fine state, and we'd like to assure all potential tourists that despite what you may read in "The Lottery," you don't have to worry about sudden stoning in the Green Mountain State. Anyway, back to the matter at hand. The anonymous, generic village in which "The Lottery" is set, in addition to the vicious twist the story gives to a common American ritual, enhance the contemporary reader's uneasy sense that the group violence in the story could be taking place anywhere and everywhere, right now. Jackson's skillful warping of a popular pastime has become an American classic, establishing her position as one of the great American horror writers. Why Should I Care? So, if you've ever been hanging out with a group of friends and done something truly stupid, you may have heard the refrain, "If your friends jumped off a bridge, would you jump, too?" Your answer is probably "no," but Shirley Jackson disagrees. She thinks you – and...
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...Book and Film Contemporary Segment: I An Analysis of Warren’s Anchorites and Their Patrons in Medieval England And Newby’s Historical Drama the Anchoress Anchoritism, a tradition where individuals voluntarily relinquish their freedom for an eternity of solidarity in the confinement of a cell, is arguably one of the most shocking traditions of medieval England. It is the modern reaction of bewilderment and even horror that a person could elect such a fate that manifests the immense cultural difference from the medieval era to our own. Through her historical assessment, Ann K. Warren sheds light on the factors that have generated this perplexing phenomenon. A predominant argument that can be drawn through the analysis of Warren’s writing is the notion of sacrifice as means to salvation. “Medieval England was an environment in which individuals chose to become religious recluses in order to assure their own salvation.” (17) The cell of enclosure was equated with a prison into which the anchorite propelled himself for fear of hell and for love of Christ. The eternal punishment of hell might be escaped by the lifetime refusal of escape from the anchorhold. Therefore, by sacrificing the freedoms of the outside world and fighting against perpetual temptations of desire, a “union with Christ could be achieved in this life.” (93) In order to fully experience the “high” of salvation, one must first know the “low” of suffering. The internalization of these “psychological rewards”...
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...INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT Subject : INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT INTAKE I |Student’s name |: Trương Vũ Hoàng | | |ID |: VN1001788 | | |Date of completion |: 07/01/2016 | | Topic 1- Analyze the role of cultural factors that can create comparative advantage for a company. Give some relevant examples. CONTENT Culture is a complex category and diversity. To understand the nature of culture, we should consider the cultural elements. Based on the concept of culture,It can be divided into two basic sectors culture which is material culture and spiritual culture. Material culture: the entire value creation is reflected in the material wealth created by man. These are commodity products, working tools and materials consumption, the economic infrastructure such as transport, communications, energy; social infrastructure such as health care, housing, education system and financial infrastructure like banking, insurance and financial services in the society. Material culture is expressed through the material life of the nation. Therefore, material culture will greatly influence to educational level and...
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...RLG204H5 S – Exam Review Week 3B: Denny CHAPTER 8 - Muslim creeds and theologies: Their purposes and varieties * Islamic Theology * Creed in Islam = Shahāda: simply proclaims the essential nature of God and the relation to him of his prophet, and thus implicitly all humans (if it is a creed, it is very laconic) * Kalām = theology in Islam = words, discussion, discourse * Ilm al-kalām = “science of discourse” or il al-tawhīd = “the science of (the divine) unity” * Theology only legitimate when subservient to the religious law, sharī’a * Fiqh = science of Muslim jurisprudence (‘Understanding’) is the chief Islamic science, in light of which all others are judged * Kalām is subordinate to fiqh * Majority of Muslims have given their allegiance in analysis and interpretation of doctrinal matters to the ‘ulamā’ = ‘the scholar jurists’ * THEOLOGICAL ISSUES * Khārijites = faction that seceded from Alī’s Shī’a * Had very high ideal of what Muslim community should be * Called themselves “the people of paradise” * Abandoned their leader Alī after his arbitration with Umayyad challenger, Mu’āwiya * Later also rejected the Umayyads * Now Khārijites = outlaw Muslims who zealously persisted trying to force their vision of Islam on their brothers * Strictest faction = Azraqites – Moderate faction = Najdite * Murji’ite = position that no human can discern whether sinners were...
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...examines history to explore the layers of structure of power, I find the history of wedding tradition to be fascinating. “He uses history to dispel the sort of routine, instituted self-assurance people have about reality of such entities as the mental disorders they fear they may be suffering from, or the inner sexual needs they believe they have to release. Foucault has examined various kinds of systems of thought through which people have come to identify themselves as subjects.”(Rajchman) And then another good quote about Michel Foucault is “For more than a decade, his elegant shaved skull had been an emblem of political courage-a cynosure of resistance to institutions that would smother the free spirit and stifle the right to be different.” (Miller 13) I will be exploring how the present days views are reinforced; the dominant message of how a wedding should be and then how in some movies, the post-feminism is displayed which slightly alters this dominant image. I will be also exploring the mix of cultural traditions within the wedding to see how the structure is similar or drastically different. I will discuss Marx’s Materialism ideology aspect of the domination of the ruling class and explore the aspect of the base and superstructure with the mode of production/the system of economic relations within the institutions surrounding wedding ideology. Through close textual analysis, I will show the dominant ideology of the wedding industry as illustrated through media and...
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...The Identity of Religious Minorities in Non-Secular States: Jews in Tunisia and Morocco and Arabs in Israel Author(s): Mark A. Tessler Source: Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 20, No. 3 (Jul., 1978), pp. 359-373 Published by: Cambridge University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/178359 Accessed: 13/07/2009 10:36 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cup. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Cambridge University...
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...Analysis of Personal and Organizational Ethics and Values Sharlene Cruz PHI 445 Personal & Organizational Ethics Prof. Robert Wengryzn March 03, 2014 Analysis of Personal and Organizational Ethics and Values In this paper, the author will compare and contrast 2 health care organization’s; Sutter Health Care, a non-profit organization whose mission statement is; “We enhance the well-being of people in the communities we serve through a not-for-profit commitment to compassion and excellence in health care services.” Then there is St. Joseph’s Health Care, a for profit organization whose mission statement is; “To extend the healing ministry of Jesus in the tradition of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Orange by continually improving the health and quality of life of people in the communities we serve.” Both mission statements, although worded differently, hold the same meaning in regards to community health care, however one basing it’s care on religious overtures. Sutter Health Organization’s website claim they are the largest and most popular health organization in Northern California. Sutter health as it is known today was created in 1996 through the merger of its Sacramento based organization and the Bay Area based Health care System. In part it was created due to many physicians and small clinics and hospitals needing to close their doors due to rising costs and the difficulty of health payments. Sutter Health’s organization is a vast network of health care...
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...reach 30 million with different ancestral, cultural background and traditions, those immigrants establish their own heritage, customs, traditions and values to build their own identity. This raises the concept of panethnicity. Panethnicity is a collection of different small identities which form a community. The different ethnicities in panethnic community have similarities in their customs, values, language and music. ( Andrea Bedoya, 2007, P1). Shakira and her family was one of the families who migrate to USA, when she became a famous singer all over the world, she tries to maintain her origins and culture through her lyrics and symbols in her songs. These movements of different origins and parts created diasporas who have to maintain their roots with their origin land, looking for their ancestral land and culture although they have to cope with the new land and culture, Shakira in her song presented these feelings clearly through the music, lyrics, setting, clothes, instruments and dancing. She tries to save her culture through singing. Karim (1998, P2) argued that “diasporas are conceptualized as comprising members of an ethnic group who reside in the home land and in a number of other countries where they or their ancestors may have arrived as immigrants.” Introduction: Wherefore, the sense of belonging to another land and culture makes the diasporas maintain their habits, language, rituals and traditions, although of their conflict of being away from...
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...Written by Anis Ahmed Quest for peace and justice is perhaps a core issue and a major shared aspiration in most of the world religions. However, a more realistic analysis will show that even for the Secularist thinkers peace has been a major concern, though, their basic assumptions and the motivating force behind it may be totally different. The post-capitalism mind set, with its deep commitment to economic development, individualism and ethical relativism, gradually developed a belief that war, can not help, in the long run, in achieving the social and economic targets of the industrialized world. Pacifism, in due course, as an individual commitment to non-violence was projected further and extended to other areas of concern. The strategic use of armed conflicts and wars, directly related with the capitalist urge to control sources of raw material and to create markets for its products, was reconsidered. A new strategic thinking put forward the thesis that peace and pacifism can also pave the way for free trade movement and help the capitalist powers in achieving their objectives, for which, conventionally, bloody wars were waged. In the post-world wars era, a functional approach of trade, travel, and democracy was considered as basis for internationalism. In an era of search for peace, efforts were made to avoid physical wars, considered enemy of free trade and travel. The age of cold war offered new opportunities for development of regional economies, mutual understanding...
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