...When having a new baby the most important thing is your baby health. For 39 weeks you as a mother constantly watch what you eat and maintaining a healthy environment. From the Germinal stage until the fetal stage your worse fear is your fetus facing any reproductive challenges. Technology today has provided so many different types of testing to detect any early signs of abnormalities. Ultrasound imaging is commonly used and don’t seem to have any ill effect on the fetus. This test allows you to observe the fetus coordination and movements. During you first trimester (between 11 &13 weeks) you normally have what physician call a combined test. This includes an ultrasound testing and a blood sample to test the HCG and PAPP-A protein. The HCG may increase while the PAPP-A decreases when a women is carrying a fetus with Down syndrome. Another screening called, Alpha-Fetoprotein Test (AFP) can be done in the second trimester (17-20 weeks). AFP can also be used to detect Down syndrome and neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. Amniocentesis is a parental test that uses a sample of the amniotic fluid. The amniotic fluid can be used to detect more than 100 genetic disorders, including Tay-Sachs disease, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and hemophilia. Lastly Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a technique where fetal tissues are collected from membrane that surrounds the fetus. CVS can be used to diagnose chromosomal, metabolic, and blood-borne conditions...
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...Sitio Calero, District 2, Tibag, Tarlac City Philippines, 2300 Tel. No. (045) 806-6311 Cp # 0928.629-9470.0917.530-2247.0925.800-2247 LOURDES A. GARCIA-ESPNOSA, MAT, HCS, CGV, HIL, BEC, PT Objective : To be part of your company Competencies and Accreditation : National TVET Trainors Level 1 (TQ 1) and National TVET Assessors Level 1 (AQ) in MASSAGE THERAPY NC II Certificate No. 0903060218699 Valid Until December 28, 2014 National TVET Trainors Level 1 (TQ 1) and National TVET Assessors Level 1 (AQ) in CAREGIVING NC II Certificate No. 0903060218701 Valid Until December 28, 2014 National TVET Trainors Level 1 (TQ 1) and National TVET Assessors Level 1 (AQ) in BEAUTY CARE NC II Certificate No. 0903060218700 Valid Until December 28, 2014 National TVET Trainer Certificate Level 1 in HILOT WELLNESS MASSAGE NC II Certificate No. 11090306123884 Valid Until Novemberber 4, 2015 National TVET Trainer Certificate Level 1 in MASSAGE THERAPY NC II Certificate No. 11090306123886 Valid Until September 24, 2013 National TVET Trainer Certificate Level 1 in BEAUTY CARE NC II Certificate No. 11090306123883 Valid Until September 1, 2013 National TVET Trainer Certificate Level 1 in CAREGIVING NC II Certificate No. 11090306123885 Valid Until August 6, 2013 National TVET Qualification and Certification System National Certificate II in Beauty Care Certificate No. 08030502007374 ...
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...Running Head: ADOLESCENTS IMAGE OF SELF Parental Influence of Adolescent Image of Self Liberty University David W. Appleby, PHD, PHD May 2012 Abstract: Of the many different relationships people form over the course of life, the relationship between parent and child is among the most important. The quality of the parent-child relationship is affected by the parent's age, experience, and self-confidence. It can also be affected by the stability of the parents' marriage; and the unique characteristics of the child compared with those of the parent (Lian and Yusooff, 2009.) The parent-child relationship consists of a combination of behaviors, feelings, and expectations that are unique to a particular parent and a particular child. Wounded children - those who have experienced maltreatment, loss, and disrupted attachments - are often defiant, angry, biologically disorganized, and afraid to trust and love. (Academic Press, 2000) This paper will show how the relationship between a child and a parent affects body image and self-esteem. Important words to know: Self-image, Self-esteem, Body-image, Autonomy, Puberty, and Myelination. Adolescents deal with numerous issues while going through physical and psychological changes. This paper will focus on is an adolescent’s view of self, which includes self-esteem and body-image. Adolescents are no longer looked upon as children, but cannot yet be considered adults (Feldman, 2011.) Self-image is defined by Wikipedia as,” the...
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...INTRODUCTION Adolescents in their developmental period undergo tumultuous physical, cognitive and psychosocial milestones, which are subsequently influenced by their environmental interactions with particular focus on the home and school environment, and the conceivable atypical condition of anxiety. The developmental period of adolescence finds children undergoing pivotal biological, social and cognitive changes that transform their bodies and minds from childhood to adulthood (Sigelman and Rider, 2012). This period is characterised by adolescents endeavouring to become independent, self-aware and apart of the adult world. As a result adolescents find themselves engaging in various social relationships, and their role in society dramatically...
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...The Effects of Addiction on Adolescent Development Adolescence is a time where there is growth and maturity. It is also a time where adolescents are more prone to take risks, such as using and abusing drugs. Whether or not an adolescent chooses to engage in drug use and abuse depends on their home environment and those they choose to associate themselves with. Adolescents face an enormous amount of pressure to participate in risky behaviors from their peers. According to Broderick and Blewitt (2015), “risky behaviors are behaviors that constitute a departure from socially accepted norms or behaviors that pose a threat to the well-being of individuals or groups” (p. 389). One such risky behavior is drug use and addiction. Some adolescents use...
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...Support, and Depression for Ethnic Minority Adolescent Mothers: Impact on Child Development Over the years teen pregnancies have seemed to increase higher, but girls of African American and Hispanic/ Latino ethnicities seem to have the highest pregnancy rate. Also African Americans and Hispanic/Latino have higher school dropout and economic disadvantages. Adolescent mothers also seem to have a higher risk of having depression or parental stress, rather then adult mothers. The mother’s depression can affect the child, and the child may be at risk of depression or development delays in life. If the mother seems to be having signs of depression they may not want a lot do with the child, and that could have a severe impact on the child. If the mother is depressed and doesn’t take care of their child properly, the child may have health problems or deal with substance abuse later in life. The purpose of this study was to see if parenting stress and social support impact child development especially in ethic minority populations. If the mothers parenting stress is high they will likely have negative parenting behaviors, which could impact the child and cause them to have depression. The child and mother then have an unhealthy attachment if she shows high levels of parenting stress. According to Spencer (2002) found that adolescent mothers continued to experience high levels of parenting stress 2 years after their infant was born. Since adolescent mothers seem to not be as financially...
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...Support, and Depression for Ethnic Minority Adolescent Mothers: Impact on Child Development Over the years teen pregnancies have seemed to increase higher, but girls of African American and Hispanic/ Latino ethnicities seem to have the highest pregnancy rate. Also African Americans and Hispanic/Latino have higher school dropout and economic disadvantages. Adolescent mothers also seem to have a higher risk of having depression or parental stress, rather then adult mothers. The mother’s depression can affect the child, and the child may be at risk of depression or development delays in life. If the mother seems to be having signs of depression they may not want a lot do with the child, and that could have a severe impact on the child. If the mother is depressed and doesn’t take care of their child properly, the child may have health problems or deal with substance abuse later in life. The purpose of this study was to see if parenting stress and social support impact child development especially in ethic minority populations. If the mothers parenting stress is high they will likely have negative parenting behaviors, which could impact the child and cause them to have depression. The child and mother then have an unhealthy attachment if she shows high levels of parenting stress. According to Spencer (2002) found that adolescent mothers continued to experience high levels of parenting stress 2 years after their infant was born. Since adolescent mothers seem to not be as financially...
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...W O M E N ’ S C O M M I S S I O N for refugee women & children w U N TA P P E D P OT E N T I A L : Adolescents affected by armed conflict A review of programs and policies U N TA P P E D P OT E N T I A L : Adolescents affected by armed conflict A review of programs and policies Wo m e n ’s C o m m i s s i o n f o r R e f u g e e Wo m e n & C h i l d r e n N e w Yo r k W O M E N ’ S C O M M I S S I O N for refugee women & children Copyright © January 2000 by Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-58030-000-6 Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children 122 East 42nd Street New York, NY 10168-1289 tel. 212.551.3111 or 3088 fax. 212.551.3180 e-mail: wcrwc@intrescom.org www.intrescom.org/wcrwc.html w cover photographs © Rachel K. Jones, Marc Sommers, Sarah Samson, Holly Myers, Anne-Sophie Rosette, International Rescue Committee M I S S I O N S TAT E M E N T The Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children seeks to improve the lives of refugee women and children through a vigorous program of public education and advocacy, and by acting as a technical resource. The Commission, founded in 1989 under the auspices of the International Rescue Committee, is the only organization in the United States dedicated solely to speaking out on behalf of women and children uprooted by armed conflict or persecution. Acknowledgments The Women’s Commission expresses its sincere...
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...Introduction Gender identity disorders in children and adolescents are rare and complex conditions. They are often associated with emotional and behavioural difficulties. Intense distress is often experienced, particularly in adolescence. Gender identity disorders can be seen as states in which, in the course of the young person’s psychosexual development, there is an atypical gender identity organisation. The young person experiences their phenotypic sex as incongruous with his or her own sense of gender identity. This predicament, which is commoner in boys, is characterised by: • A desire to be of the other sex • Cross-dressing • Play with games, toys and objects usually associated with the other sex and avoidance of play normally associated with their sex • Preference for playmates or friends of the sex with which the child identifies • Dislike of bodily sexual characteristics and functions It is important to consider these states as different from those seen in adults because: (a) A developmental process is involved (physical, psychological and sexual). (b) There is greater fluidity and variability in the outcome, with only a small proportion becoming transsexuals or transvestites, the majority of affected children eventually developing a homosexual orientation and some a heterosexual orientation without transvestism or transsexualism. Similarly, pre-pubertal and post-pubertal groups need to be differentiated. There is greater fluidity and likelihood...
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...Infant Care Mari Cooper PSY 104 Instructor: Nichole Bennett April 28, 2014 Children zero to two years old are in the age period of infancy; whereas children eleven to fourteen years old are in the age period of early adolescence. Children grow and develop in many different ways. The three major domains of development discussed in our text are physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development. Child development is a field of study devoted to understanding human constancy and change from conception through adolescence. Developmental theorists typically focus on the progression of children in three domains: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development. Physical development is the changes in body size, proportions, appearance, brain development, motor capacities, and physical health. Cognitive development is the development of thought processes and intellectual ability; including attention, memory, problem solving, and creativity. Psychosocial development is the emotional communication, self-understanding, ability to manage feelings, personal skills, friendship, and behavior. All the senses develop in the womb, but touch seems to be the first and most mature and vision is the least sensory to develop. Although, an infant’s head becomes proportionately smaller as they grow in height and develop in their lower body parts. Physical and motor skills develop rapidly in infancy. Infant’s growth occurs from top down and from the center of the body outward, according to cephalocaudal...
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...Reactive Attachment Disorder in Children and Adolescents in Institutionalized and in Foster Care, and Adoptive Families Lisa W. Marshall Liberty University Abstract It is believed children exposed to early institutional rearing are at risk for developing psychopathology (McGoron, et. al., 2012). Comparisons were made to discover if Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) was more prevalent in children raised institutions, foster care or adoptive families. Measurements included the Observational Record of the Caregiving Environment, Strange Situation Procedure, Disturbances of Attachment Interview, and the Preschool Aged Psychiatric Assessment (Smyke, et. al. 2012), the Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Interview (Cone, et. al., 2009) in addition to the Reactive Affective Disorder Checklist (RAD-C) and the Relationships Problem Questionnaire (RPQ), in the diagnosis of Reactive Attachment Disorder (Thrall, et al., 2009). These measurements were not only utilized to discover the existence of RAD, but to test the validity of the methods. Additionally, treatment studies including holding, narrative therapy, parenting skills training, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, psychodrama, and/or neurofeedback (Wimmer, et. al.,2009) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (Cone, et. al.,2009) are examined. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) lists Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) as a serious, directly linked...
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...Understanding Human Development in Teaching University of Phoenix Psy/280 Marie Cortes July 22, 2010 Understanding Human Development in Teaching In this paper I will address his or her understanding of Human Development. I will attempt to show how it will help him or her come to a thoughtful approach with the different stages of a child’s development. I will address such issues as; 1) The Personality Developments, 2) The Cognitive Developments, and 3) The Social Cognitive Developments. I will concentrate these developmental theories based on the age of the students he or she will be teaching (Junior High Science) when he or she graduates from University of Phoenix. Personality Developments at Age 12-14 There are a large amount of personality theories in the world today. I will focus my attention on the behavioral developments prevalent to this age group. The greatest behavioral developments that late adolescents will experience are risk-taking. These risk-taken experiments will help the child develop and shape his or her identity, give him or her the ability to try new decision-making skills, help with developing realistic judgments of him or herself, gain peer acceptance, and peer respect (ReCAPP, 2009). Oftentimes the risks these adolescents will take end with a legitimate threat to their health and well-being. The most common type of threat, today, is teen pregnancy. More teens today are becoming pregnant because of peer acceptance and respect...
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...Childhood and Adolescence Paper Christina Williams PSY/280 July 13, 2015 R. Adinah Johnson Childhood and Adolescence Paper “Child development does not mean developing your child into the person you think they should be, but helping them develop into the best person they are meant to be” (Sorenson, 2005). Statistics say that in the stages in middle adolescence 30% of the child’s social life and interactions there are a great stage of peer pressure. These results were compared to the 10% that is experienced during the early childhood. They show that they are competent by demonstrating their behaviors in these peer groups. During the elementary years in school, children have to prove to others that they understand and that they are capable of handling the different situations they find themselves in. They must keep a certain criteria in order to have friends. The main concern during these peer groups is to be accepted and most of these concerns are experienced during middle childhood. Researchers have been focusing in the friendship among the children. Friendship is one of the most important parts of the social group between early stages of childhood. Friends fill that special need we have inside and for a child’s development that is one of the most important parts. They fulfill the special needs and they help with communication, interaction, acceptance, companionship and social skills. Peer is more related to the social and popularity status and its acceptance...
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...PSY/280 05/18/2012 Michael Johnson The introduction of middle childhood and adolescence, a crucial period of development, for the child and parent can become a time of uncertainty. The parenting styles of the parent makes a difference in the out-come of the child. All children need parents that care about them. The different parenting styles include; authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. In the best interest of the child’s development, parents have to make an evaluation of the parenting methods that work well with the personality of the child. During these years the child’s temperament also begins to have an effect in their lives. “A child’s temperament matters (Kagan & Fox, 2006). If they do not consider the personality of the child, authoritarian parents might terrorize children who are innately fearful or anxious, or permissive parents might watch their impulsive children flail out of control.”(Berger, 2010). Environmental circumstances also have a role in children’s development for example: a parent gaining or loosing employment. There will be many changes that take place for middle childhood and adolescent children. Middle Childhood For many people puberty is a time in their life that will not be forgotten. The ages from 7 to 11 are sometimes called the school years. “The average 7- to 11-year-old gains about 2 inches (5 centimeters)...
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...Working with Adolescents [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Working with Adolescents Introduction The topic covered in the class on Adolescents and their various aspects of living in society and culture along with issues which they have been confronting prominently in American society. However, from exploring various topics on the concepts of adolescents in the modern society, drives an understanding of the factors that result in origin of these issues. These issues lie because of various patterns of culture in society (Laser et. al, 2011). Discussion From the overall study of essays discussed in this course it is outlined that; the external social and environmental factors, that spoiled children, are the main reasons of all the issues created by adolescents in society (Strauman et. al, 2011). Various aspects of this course aimed in conceptualizing a range of development concepts of adolescence and consider the individuals and groups who work with these children in various sectors. There is a detailed analysis conducted over the major factors that affect adolescents and their influences over society. The actions that adolescents take in affect of those external factors like suicide attempts and unwed pregnancy and abortions. Also there exists an immense issue in employment of adolescents which even has positive and negative impacts on American society (Head et.al, 2002). Overlooking at all the factors and concepts on adolescence it...
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