...Examine Human Computer Interaction Theories and Principles IT302 |Human Computer Interaction Interaction Framework Four main parts of the Execution/Evaluation Action Cycle framework A framework is how we think about a process. Within the context of this class this framework focuses on how we interact with computers in the scope of the process or project. Since the first business started in our earliest history stakeholders have looked for ways to improve and be more successful. Since the invention of computers people have been looking at ways to have these devices help improve this process. The Execution/Evaluation Action Cycle (EEAC) was presented by Donald Norman in 1988. His concepts explored the nature of how actions can be structured into four basic parts (Heim, 2007, p. 42): Example of how the chosen framework might actually work When starting any large scale project a team of stakeholders typically start off with an end goal. With tools such as Microsoft Project and others each stage of the frame work can be mapped out and help keep the project on task. How it fits each part of the framework One important point is that this framework is a cyclical process that in truth does not have an end point until the stakeholders have reached a point where they are satisfied with the results and can be revisited at a later point. Goal During the goal stage stakeholders can all make sure they are on the right page. Execution When the project reaches the...
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...The Internet growing technologies have created vast opportunities for business growth and likewise increased the exposures of businesses and organizations’ information assets; consequently jeopardizing the key elements of information and systems security—confidentiality, integrity and availability (Kim, Ullrich & Wang, 2012). Online criminality has over the years become a prosperous economic industry especially in the emerging markets; the perpetrators, largely motivated by financial or military interests (Kim et al., 2012; Tuluc, 2012). Kim et al., (2012) observed that there has been a tremendous rise in the threats of malicious attacks globally—a appreciable increase of 71% between 2008 and 2009 was noted. A specie and very popular scam is Phishing and Identity Theft (IDT). This type of online crime is a fraudulent scheme whereby attackers invade the victims’ privacy and obtain their personally identifying information (PII) such as credit card numbers, CVV numbers, credit card reports, social security numbers, drivers license numbers (usually used in gaining short-term driving jobs), telephone calling cards, ATM card details, Mortgage details, date of birth details, passwords, PIN numbers, etc. (Hedayati, 2012). These details are used by online criminals to perpetrate larceny against their victims who may have compromised their PIIs through social engineering—a preliminary attack technique used by the attackers to trick victims into compromising such details to the criminals...
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...religion. Theories of the resurrection of the body are theories about whether I survive the death of my body in any way. It is not enough that my body is resurrected – I need to be resurrected, to continue existing as my body. Theories of the resurrection of the body, then, usually presuppose two further philosophical theories: materialism and a particular theory of personal identity. Materialism Materialism is the theory that the only substance is matter. A substance is something that can exist independently of anything else. Materialism denies that we have souls that can exist independently of our bodies. And so, if there is life after death, we must exist as material objects, as bodies. Because matter is the only substance, everything that exists must exist as a material object. And all properties, e.g. having a mind, must be properties of something that is material. Two theories of personal identity Even if I can only exist if I have a body, this doesn’t mean that I can only exist in this body. Just as a piece of computer software can be copied from one computer to another, perhaps I can exist in different bodies. On this theory, what makes me me is not what body I am in, but what is distinctive about me as a person, in particular, what psychological properties I have. So my memories, my desires, my emotions are all in important to my personal identity. This is called the psychological theory of personal identity. One problem with this theory can be illustrated...
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...rented or viewed online or at movie rental location (check: Netflix, xfinity, hulu, www.onlinewatchmovies.net , or youtube; if you are unable to locate the film please contact me via email). The assignment is to choose and apply THREE of the following theories of deviance presented in the online lecture and the textbook to the film and the specific examples from the film: differential association theory, control-bond theory, labeling theory, or strain theory. o Important: Students are not permitted to apply rational-choice/exchange theory for this assignment (presented in the online lecture) as I find that many students have difficulty applying this theory therefore we will cover this in the discussion board. However, you should think critically think about how you can apply this theory to the film (i.e. how the individuals presented in the film made decisions and behaved in ways that were rational/logical to them given their environment and socialization). Apply the key terms/concepts and research/study data that were presented in online lecture and in the textbook to the specific examples from the film. It is required that you apply the key terms and research data associated with each theory you include in your paper. Paper Organization: Your name and the course information must appear in the upper left-hand corner of the first page. Leave space on the top of the first page of your paper for me to type in comments/feedback. After the space...
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...1. In what ways does your everyday life involve science?? There are many ways of which science is involved in everyday life. Science as a technology, for example, can be found in daily usage of internet and cell phones, computers and or laptops and microwaves. In an economically stable country, many of these technologies are commonly used on a daily basis. Other examples involve science as chemistry by means of cooking using measurements and combinations of ingredients. Science is seen in everyday life using energy, by the use of light, gas functioning utilities, etc. Medically, science is found with the advancement in pharmaceutical drugs, antibiotics and other related medicinal innovations. Even in our daily commute, science is part of our everyday encounter weather by car, bicycle or on foot which is the usage of motion as well as energy. 2. By what criteria might you determine whether a question might be answered using the scientific method? Through conducting an experience one might be able to determine whether a question might be answered using the scientific method. 3. Identify a current piece of legislation relating to science or technology (perhaps an environmental science or energy bill). How did your representatives in Congress vote on this issue? Did they use scientific knowledge or receive wisdom to arrive at their decision? As of recently, drones have been a technology that is talked about in several state and country legislations. Some say that drones are...
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...CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The study of science is essential. Science is the study of the world around us. Everything around us concerns science. Without it, it is impossible to get into medicine, engineering, architecture and other fields requiring technical expertise. Every sector recognizes an increasing contribution of the discipline to the progress of the modern world as well as its traditional standing as an element of humanistic and scientific education. Its importance as the key subject is common knowledge. Science has been recognized as a patent means of sharpening our competitive edge. Thus, science holds a dominating place in the curriculum. As mandated in the Philippine Constitution, it is the duty of the schools to develop scientific and technology efficiency among the pupils and the students. Thus, it is necessary to evolve a strong science program in all levels. So, the teaching of science should be effectively earned out so as to satisfy the National Development Goals. Science is a multifaceted subject, limitless in extent and depth, vital for science and technology, and rich in the cultural import. It offers a lot of challenges to an individual. In school, however, some students find the subject dull and difficult. More so, science in general, is even considered by many as uninteresting or boring subject if not difficult or not applicable into their daily lives. The performance of the pupils depends largely on quality of the teaching...
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...Theory U? Jeremiah Staropoli ORGB 625 July 31, 2011 Introduction The world has known great leaders since the beginning of recorded time. Before any theories on building leadership skills or new buzz words and phrases about leadership, we experienced the impact of great leaders like Martin Luther King, Abraham Lincoln, Mahatma Gandhi, and Eleanor Roosevelt. These men and women shared little in common except for the fact that they were willing to take a stand for what they believed in and maximize whatever talents they had towards that end. Martin Luther King led the world through the tumultuous Civil Rights movement and inspired millions to change the way in which they viewed the world and each other. He was willing to give his life for this cause (Honey, 2011). Abraham Lincoln had a similar cause in an even more politically and socially divided nation and made similar sacrifices for his cause (Ferguson, 2011). Gandhi led one of the greatest social and religious reform movements in the history of the world with little formal training of any kind. Before it was popular to have a cause as a “first lady” of our nation, Eleanor Roosevelt set herself apart by championing the cause of those most severely affected by the great depression. “[S]he worked as a tireless advocate for the nation's downtrodden and fought to open relief programs to women” (Beasley, 2010). Theory U Theory U, and other theories like it, however, would have us...
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...two things is usually involved. Although the two things are not necessarily alike as a whole, they always have some specific similarities. Technically, those abstract ideas and concepts are called “vehicle”, the things closed to our life is called “topic” and their similarities “grounds”. It is widely acknowledged that science is an area full of abstract processes, concepts and ideas, thus the use of metaphor makes it much easier for scientists and science learners to understand scientific theories and be understood, which makes it very important and interesting for a science student to have a deep look at the use of metaphor in science, because it will help science students have a better idea of the metaphor used in science and furthermore, help them improve their learning. In this essay, the similarities and differences of the use of metaphors in professional, popular and pedagogic sciences will be carefully checked. Their similarities of the use in the three sciences in constructing theories and improving understanding will be introduced at the beginning. Following this, it will analyze the different use of metaphor from the perspective of target, purpose and the difficulties people are probable to encounter when they use these metaphors. Finally it will have a short study of the metaphors used in learning. As...
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...content analysis and what it does for businesses. I enjoyed our team assignment because our topic was fun to work with. We were able to come up with different ways to improve employee morale. It was great because as working citizens we were able to relate to the topic and give out some suggestions that we would like to see in our own workplaces. I was able to learn more about hypotheses because in week three I was responsible for coming up with hypotheses. All in all this was a good week. Charles stated: In this week's reading I learned about data analysis and how it is collected, edited and coded. Data collection can be performed in many ways through pencil and paper methods on up to more technical data collection methods through computers and the internet. With editing data it is important to make sure that the data is not skewed or if the data may throw off the measurements. Coding is important so that analysis can be looked at using simple methods. This makes the analysis much easier to compute. When reviewing the data it is important to make sure that it can easily be read and understood. A myriad of tables, charts, and diagrams can be used to present findings in the research process. These items help to tell the story and support the hypothesis or answer questions from the research. Like most of the reading, I found it to be informative and back up what I already know about research. It put things into better perspective and made the nuances of research easier...
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...EFFICIENT MARKETS HYPOTHESIS AND OTHER THEORIES OF PRICING IN FINANCIAL MARKETS Name Course Title/Code Instructor’s Name Date Efficient Markets Hypothesis and other theories of pricing in financial markets Efficient market hypothesis (EMH) is a theory that emerged in the 1960s. It states that it is difficult to predict the market since the price has been set and reflect the current market conditions. It is a disputed and controversial theory. The theory is comparable to other theories of pricing in financial markets. Several strengths and shortcomings emerge through comparison with other theories of pricing (Blinder, et al., 2012). EMH states that no stock is a better buy when compared to others. It is the conclusion that leads to random choices. It is a vital tenet of finance theory. The EMH theory has a basis in other finance theories. It follows the classical theory of asset prices. To determine the connection, a situation where stocks are considered based on good deals. According to the EMH theory, these stocks are worth more than their relative prices. The worth of a stock is the present value of the expected dividends. In this regard, an individual will buy stocks at prices that are below this level. In essence, this is buying stocks that are undervalued assets (Kapil, 2011). Classical theory The classical theory follows the belief that the price of a stock is equal to the best estimate of the stock’s value. This equality means that the undervalued stocks are not real...
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...The Scientific Method Mary A Swanagan Kaplan University Big Ideas in Science: From Methods to Mutation Professor Molika Chea June 20, 2013 The Scientific Method According to the textbook used in this course, the scientific method is a continuous process used to collect observations, form and test hypotheses, make predictions, and identify patterns in the physical world. By using the scientific method, researchers use observations and hypotheses, in order to foresee the outcome of an experiment, then conduct that experiment and draw conclusions from the observations of the experiment. The scientific method is not only useful for scientists and laboratories but something that can be applied to everyday situations (Trefil & Hazen). Most people do not think about how science is used in their everyday lives. Take for instance you are having guest coming over for dinner and you plan to cook your favorite dish then realize one of the main ingredients is missing and your guest will arrive in one hour. Without realizing it you began using the scientific method by asking yourself, what am I going to do now? Or, how am I going to make this taste great without all of the ingredients? This is the beginning of the scientific method. The second step would be to do some background research to answer your question. In this scenario, you would go into the kitchen and find an ingredient that you can substitute for the missing ingredient to put in your favorite dish. In doing...
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...COMM 89 Theory Paper Purpose: Evaluate the utility of an academic theory by examining its applications to everyday life. Enhance your ability to understand academic theory as explained by an outside source and to apply theoretical concepts with organization and clarity. Demonstrate original thought in analysis of utility. Preparation: 1. Choose an episode from your life. Choose one of the two following types of brief (1-3 minutes) real life communicative episodes (any communication interaction between 2 or more individuals). Do NOT attempt to use a movie scene. a) First-hand experience: an incident in which you met and/or communicated with someone. b) Observed episode: an incident in which you witnessed 2 or more others communicating. 2. Select a theory from those on the schedule prior to the midterm. Choose one that will help you understand your communicative episode and that might also be beneficial for understanding your future communication interaction. 3. Find at least one main academic source (NOT your textbook or lecture notes) that explains the theory. This main source must be published and will most likely to be either a chapter in an edited book or a journal article that provides a thorough explanation of the theory. A journal article with an experimental study is unlikely to provide a thorough explanation of the theory, but is a very useful additional source for discussing the utility of the theory. (Use these in your utility section.) Your textbook and...
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...In order for psychology to be considered as a science, the true meaning of a science needs to be considered. It is widely believed that for a subject to be a science, it must have the following; a common agreement of the subject matter that is being studied; theories constructed from hypotheses; empirical, objective methods of data collection and general laws. A paradigm is “a set of theoretical assumptions that are agreed upon by scientists which provide a means of making sense of the world in which we live”. This is according to Kuhn who is a philosopher in science who stated that to be a science there must be a unified and agreed upon subject matter. This should consist of three main factors; a set of theoretical assumptions that provide a model of the subject matter; a set of metaphors that compare the subject matter in a simple and understandable way and a set of methods for empirical enquiry that are agreed upon by scientists working within the paradigm. Physics, for example, meets the criteria of a paradigm because forces are measured using laboratory experiments in the simplest of ways. Kuhn believed that there were three stages to developing a paradigm. The first stage is a pre-science where there is no common understanding of the subject criteria, or there are too many different approaches, with too many alternative research methods. The next stage is a normal science where there is a unified set of beliefs and values which are commonly agreed on by all and researchers...
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...It is not difficult to find examples of Scientific Management in the 21st Century; the car and computer manufacturing plants, the work environments we go to everyday, the hospitals we are treated in and even some of the restaurants we might eat in, - almost all of them function more efficiently due to the application of Scientific Management. In fact, these methods of working seem so commonplace and so logical to a citizen of the modern world that it is almost impossible to accept that they were revolutionary only 100 years ago. Although Scientific Management does play an important role in the 21st century, it is necessary to note that this method of management contains weaknesses that limit its influence in current work environments, and consequently not all of its tenants are applicable to modern organizations. Scientific Management is perhaps best seen as an evolutionary stage in management ever developing history. This essay will attempt to highlight both the strengths and weaknesses of Scientific Management in context of the 21st century through examination of its application in several modern organizations. Scientific Management was developed in the first quarter of the 20th Century; its father is commonly accepted to be F.W. Taylor, although some variations of the theory have been developed by Gantt and Gilbreth. Taylor recognized labor productivity was largely inefficient due to a workforce that functioned by “rules of thumb,” and a mentality that equated increased...
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...Asif Chowdhury SC300: Big Ideas in Science Professor: Judy Ikawa Unit 9 11/22/2011 Many of us use the scientific method unconsciously on a daily basis, for work, tasks such as cooking and budgeting. The same elements present in traditional scientific inquiry are present in these everyday examples. Understanding how to apply the scientific method to these seemingly non-scientific problems can be valuable in furthering one's career and in making health-related decision. The scientific method is a process to ask question and answer scientific problem solving by making observation and doing experiments. We can follow the below steps to solve our problem scientifically: Observation This is the first part of scientific method is discovered upon direct observation of what is around us. As a scientist we have to look critically and attempt to avoid all kind if sources and bias in this observation. Ask question The second step in the scientific method is formulated by questions. Ask as many questions as we need to answer. Science can answer many questions, but there are some which cannot be answered by science. Hypothesis The next part of our scientific method is to form a hypothesis. This is simply an educated guess as to the answer for the question. Prediction The prediction is an official way to put a hypothesis to a test. If the test works most likely we are on a right track to solve our problem. If we have carefully designed our hypothesis to be sure it...
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