...Assignment 1.1: Conflicting Viewpoints Essay - Part I Prewriting Antonio Smith Professor Erin DiCesare PHI 210 Critical Thinking April 20, 2015 Drinking Age Should the drinking age be lowered from 21 to 18 years old? I think that the drinking age should be lowered to 18 years old. There are some interesting subjects that oppose my thinking that can be argued to be true. First, lowering the drinking age would be medically irresponsible. Second, lowering the drinking age would give high school and middle school students easier access to alcohol. Third, lowering MLDA 21 to 18 will irresponsibly allow a greater segment of the population to drink alcohol in bars and nightclubs. It would be medically irresponsible to lower the age limit from 21 to 18 years old to legally drink or purchase alcohol. There are studies that show alcohol consumption can interfere with the growth and development of a young adult brain’s frontal lobes. The frontal lobes are essential for functions such as emotional regulation, planning, and organization. The potential for chronic problems such as greater vulnerability to addiction, dangerous risk-taking behavior, reduced decision-making ability, memory loss, depression, violence, and suicide is greater when drinking at an early age. [1][2][3][4] What’s interesting about this view is that the brain is still growing and effected by early drinking. If I was to look from this angle I would understand that younger people already have a hard time planning...
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...Conflicting Viewpoints Essay Assignment 2 M. Lakeisha Manigault Professor Sharon Thomas Strayer University November 2, 2014 Conflicting Viewpoints The use of medical marijuana is a widely criticized and argued topic in the community in which each of us lives today. As I’ve searched for or against the use and legalization of marijuana, I’ve been able to find extensive research to support and oppose my belief that medical marijuana should be a form of treatment and the legalization of recreational use. I’ve committed myself to maintaining an open mind for research both for and against my personal belief in the use of marijuana and have come to the conclusion that medical marijuana should be an accepted form of treatment. As for recreational use of marijuana, I’ve yet to settle the matter on whether it should be legal. I believe medical marijuana should be an accepted form of medical treatment. The new research showing the many benefits of its use; there are growing studies that dispel the negative positions made by many based on old and incomplete research. Medical marijuana studies show that it has a wide variety of effects in the treatment of cancer patients, AIDS/HIV, glaucoma, nausea, and pain/analgesia. With increasing research supporting and inciting the need for further studies, the use of medical marijuana could be the future of medicine. The studies could support and lead to less habit forming addictions like the alternatives to pain relief such as morphine and...
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...that I would agree most with the psychodynamic viewpoint as well as the sociocultural viewpoint. I had difficulty in choosing only viewpoint when the causal factors can be extremely vague when it comes to substance abuse. I agree with the psychodynamic viewpoint because people who experience a lack of nurturing during early childhood often carry it with them throughout their adult lives if the issue goes unresolved. Substance abuse is not the only disorder that may be caused by childhood trauma. There are a lot of other disorders that can be linked to early childhood experiences as well, which is why I find myself agreeing with this viewpoint. I also would have to agree with the sociocultural viewpoint because society plays an enormous role when it comes to an individual’s behavior and attitude, a person’s environment can definitely have an impact on their decisions in life. People are constantly striving for the approval of others or trying to fit in with their friends, so the sociocultural viewpoint seems perfectly reasonable. Furthermore, I believe that the behavioral/cognitive and biological viewpoints are also important when it comes to understanding the causes of substance abuse. However, I do not find them as influential as the psychodynamic and sociocultural viewpoints. There seems to be a biological basis for almost any disease or disorder, but I feel that there is still a lot to learn about the biological viewpoint of substance abuse. The behavioral/cognitive...
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...Conflicting viewpoints Name Institution Should Gay Marriage be Legal? Introduction The family is an important institution in the society. This is because it enables people to maintain the moral fabric of the society, hence keeping the nation moving. According to biblical teachings, a family comes up through marriage between a man and a woman. Once the two get married, they are to honor God’s commandment of fulfilling the earth through procreation. This aspect makes children an important, but not a must aspect of a family. This is because there are some people who cannot bear children naturally. When it comes it same sex marriages, the concept of a family loses meaning. This is because people in these marriages cannot have kids of their own. At the same time, their sexual acts are unnatural if not extremely weird to heterosexuals (Greenberg, 1993). Based on these factors, legalizing same sex marriages will definitely be destroying the moral marriage institution. Kids who are growing up will not know the importance of having a family, something that is likely to have a serious impact on the continuity of the nation’s traditions. As a result of these scenarios, I am against the idea of legalizing these marriages as they are likely to compromise the wellbeing of the society. Body Points that oppose my viewpoint Today, there are people who strongly believe that same sex marriages should be legalized. These people give various reasons to support their position. These reasons...
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...Personal Ethics Statement There are many ethical viewpoints out there out today, an example can be of the viewpoint of on how the elderly and disable should be treated. I have first hand seen the bad treatment on the elderly and the disable. Some people view them as being weak, and almost useless. This is wrong to have this type of view just because they can't get around like they use to, or see things the way the we ( young adults and youth) see things, don't mean they are any different than we are. But it seem that people don't care. For an example, when I am looking for a parking space I tend to park further away so that the elderly and the disable can have a closer park for themselves. This is what I do, do others do this, I don't know. It really don't seems like no one care if the ones who need a close park or need to park in the handicap should park there. In fact, I see people park in the handicap and look like they either don't need a handicap park, or look like they just took they park even though its not their handicap sticker. This is just one example of ethical viewpoint. When I first saw that I had to write about my blind spots I have, I had to sit and think because I didn't know. As I was thinking, I was that my blind spot was somewhat obvious to myself, I don't like asking for help. I would rather fail an assignment them ask for help. I really need to be more open to get help when I need it, then not being able to succeed I what I need help with. I...
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...In times of conflict, gaining an understanding between two parties can still be insufficient to obtain a level of peace, one must also be willing to accept the others viewpoint. Even when the same level of understanding has been accomplished, an individual can still encounter intra-personal conflict as a result. In order to minimise the amount of conflict we encounter, we must first attain a level of understanding of another’s own morals and viewpoints. In times, our own identity can be a productive force that instigates conflict. In Greenville’s novel ‘The lieutenant’ the governor ordered a prisoner to be lashed for the stealing of food in the settlement. Warungin, the native, watched on in interest, yet soon he finds himself standing alone pleading with the governor for the ‘horror of the punishment’ to stop. What is seen as a horrendous brutality in his eyes is considered to be standard practice for the marines of His Majesty’s Service. This level of misunderstanding creates a division between Warungin and The British allowing tension to rise and Inter-personal conflict to occur, because the morals of each party do not agree. This is also demonstrated in the documentary ‘A Kill Team’. Set in the war zone of Afghanistan in a platoon of around 20 U.S soldiers, Sergeant Winfield is confronted with a viewpoint that does not agree with his own standing morals....
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...COURSE DESCRIPTION Develops ability to identify, analyze, and evaluate reasoning in everyday discourse. Examines the elements of good reasoning from both a formal and informal perspective. Introduces some formal techniques of the basic concepts of deductive and inductive reasoning. Promotes reasoning skills through examining arguments from literature, politics, business, and the media. Enables students to identify common fallacies, to reflect on the use of language for the purpose of persuasion, and to think critically about the sources and biases of the vast quantity of information that confronts us in the "Information Age." INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Required Resources Soomo (2013). Critical Thinking. [Webtext]. Asheville, NC: Soomo Publishing. Note: For each week of the course, all of the following materials in the Preparation and Evaluation portions can be accessed through the Webtext link within Blackboard. The Activities portion (discussion question) will not be located in Webtext, but rather in a separate Blackboard link within your shell. Supplemental Resources Critical Thinking Community. (2013). Defining Critical Thinking. Retrieved from http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/defining-critical-thinking/766 Ellerton, P. (2011). Reason to Think. Issues, (95), 33-35. ETS. (2013). Introduction to the Argument Task. Retrieved from http://www.ets.org/gre/revised_general/prepare/analytical_writing/argument/ Holyoak, K., & Morrison, R. G. (2005)...
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...CONFLICT MANAGEMENT READING NOTE Conflict is a clash of interests, values, actions, views or directions (De Bono, 1985). Conflict refers to the existence of that clash. Conflict is initiated the instant clash occurs. Generally, there are diverse interests and contrary views behind a conflict, which are revealed when people look at a problem from their viewpoint alone. Conflict is an outcome of organizational intricacies, interactions and disagreements. It can be settled by identifying and neutralizing the etiological factors. Once conflict is concluded it can provoke a positive change in the organization. When we recognize the potential for conflict, we implicitly indicate that there is already a conflict of direction, even though it may not have yet manifested itself as a clash. Confliction is the process of setting up, promoting, encouraging or designing conflict. It is a wilful process and refers to the real effort put into generating and instituting conflict. Deconfliction is the annihilation of conflict. It does not refer to negotiation or bargaining, or even to resolution of conflict: it is the effort required to eliminate the conflict. Why conflicts arise In most organizations, conflicts increase as employees assert their demands for an increased share in organizational rewards, such as position, acknowledgment, appreciation, monetary benefits and independence. Even management faces conflicts with many forces from outside the organization, such as government, unions...
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...Case Analysis I. Time Context The time context is current II. Viewpoint The viewpoints are Delia de los Reyes and De Los Reyes’ partner III. Statement of the Problem The major problem to solve is the new and old employees of the company were making conflicting decisions that can destroy the entire business reputation and the business itself or to fail. The minor problem in the other hand is the employee and top management doesn’t have cooperation to each other. IV. Objectives The very first thing to remember is: Failing to plan is planning to fail, so planning is necessary. a. Short-range Objectives * To have unity in their company that must have a close relationship between the employees and the top management b. Long-range Objectives * To achieve their goal in becoming the number one publishing company who is specializes in collegiate books in all the companies who publish books. V. Area of Consideration/Analysis The hindrances of the problem is the president, Delia de los Reyes, didn’t like the suggestion of one of her partner in the company which is to establish planning and clear-cut policies and programs to guide decision making. Another hindrance is she believes that if she focuses in formulating plans and policies today, she might not have a company tomorrow. In short, for her it is best to solve problems as they happen. VI. Alternative Courses of Action 1. Create a more inviting business proposal...
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...The Ethical Issue Stated In this case, there are conflicting responsibilities and loyalties. The medical team feels strongly that the patient (Sarah) has a mental illness that requires hospitalization to ensure her safety. Although she is not agreeable to psychiatric admission, Sarah has demonstrated significant acts of self-harm and has lost the ability in her situational stress, mood disorder, and intoxicated state to make decisions that are in her best interest. She is clearly a danger to herself, and in good faith the medical team feels that it is their duty to provide services that will protect and rehabilitate the patient, Sarah. The nurse feels as if she needs to advocate for the patient’s best interests. However, there is always...
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...take a positive approach to work and be highly committed. An effective team leader will promote a high level of morale and make them feel supported and valued. • Clear communication: Communication is a vital factor of all interpersonal interaction and especially that of a team. Team members must be able to articulate their feelings, express plans and goals, share ideas and see each other’s viewpoints. • Establishing roles: It is absolutely necessary for team members to understand what their role on the team is, what he/she is responsible for. The team leader can enable this by defining the purpose in a clear-cut manner in the beginning of the formation of the team. • Conflict Resolution: Conflicts will arise no matter how well a team functions together. The best way to counter conflict is to have structured methods of conflict resolution. Team members should be able to voice their concerns without fear of offending others. Instead of avoiding conflict issues, a hands-on approach that resolves them quickly is much better. It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and...
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...Advanced knowledge in these subjects is not required, but knowledge acquired in general science courses is needed to answer some of the questions. You may have to do some math on the ACT Science Reasoning Test. You are not, however, allowed to use a calculator. The test includes seven passages, each followed by four to seven multiple-choice questions. The passages are formatted in three basic formats: Data Representation, Research Summaries and Conflicting Viewpoints. Data representation passages are mostly charts and graphs. The questions ask you to analyze information from them or spot trends within the data presented. Research Summary passages explain the setup of an experiment or a series of experiments and the results that were obtained. Conflicting Viewpoint passages are similar Reading Test passages. There are usually two scientists or two students who disagree on a specific scientific point, and each presents an argument defending his or her...
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...The term culture “refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge experience, beliefs, [and] values…acquired by a group of people in the course of generations trough individual and group striving” (Texas A&M University). Bless Me, Ultima, written by Rudolfo Anaya, discusses the theme of harmonizing contradictory viewpoints of cultural traditions. Antonio’s parents, Gabriel and María Márez, have conflicting viewpoints of how one should live life. Gabriel is a son of cowboys and wants Antonio to follow the family tradition of roaming the plains, whereas María, a devoted Catholic daughter of a farmer, prefers that Antonio follows her family tradition by becoming a priest. Antonio says that “My father had been a vaquero all his life…[but] My...
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...A MULTI-STAKEHOLDER INDUSTRIAL PROJECTS SELECTION: AN ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS AND ZERO-ONE-GOAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH Salah R. Agha School of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University-Gaza, Gaza Strip, Phone: 970-599-746-533, aghasr@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This study uses Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Zero-One Goal Programming(ZOGP) to select the most favorable industrial projects from the viewpoints of three stakeholders, namely, govern mental, consultants and academics. Therefore, it is the purpose of this paper to help reach a consensus among the stakeholders for selecting certain projects using weights obtained by AHP as inputs to (ZOGP) model. This is first done by identifying the projects from each individual stakeholder's viewpoint. Further, an aggregate model that simultaneously combines the viewpoints of the three stakeholders is built assuming that the three stakeholders have equal weights. Results show that the aggregate model does strike a balance not only among the conflicting criteria, but more importantly, it strikes a balance among the different stakeholders. Therefore, the aggregate model would make it easier for stakeholders to reach a consensus. Keywords: Multi Criteria Optimization; Project Prioritization; Integrated AHP-ZOGP; Multi-stakeholder. 1. Introduction Traditional methods used in project selection usually justify the projects using low level capital budgeting which works well for investments with clearly...
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...Analyzing Due Process in the Workplace ELIHU M. GERSON AND SUSAN LEIGH STAR Tremont Research Institute Every office is an open system, and the products of office work are the result of decentralized negotiations. Changing patterns of task organization and alliance inevitably give rise to inconsistent knowledge bases and procedures. This implies that there are no globally correct answers to problems addressed by OIL%. Rather, systems must deal with multiple competing, possibly irreconcilable, solutions. Articulating alternative solutions is the problem of due process. This problem and its consequences are illustrated by a case study of a rate-setting group in a large health insurance firm. There is no formal solution to the problem of due process. But it must be solved in practice if distributed intelligent 01% are to be developed. We propose an alternative approach based on the work of social scientists concerned with analyzing analogous problems in human organization. Solution of the due process problem hinges on developing local closures to the problem faced by an organization. This means analyzing (a) local, tacit knowledge and its transfer ability; (b) articulation work, that is, reconciling incommensurate assumptions and procedures. Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.l.l [Models and Principles]: Systems and Information Theory; 1.2.0 [Artificial Intelligence]: General; 1.2.4 [Artificial Intelligence]: Knowledge Rep- resentation Formalisms...
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