...is the same psychology that drives vandals and arsonists. For some people, that seems to be a thrill. If that sort of person knows computer programming, then he or she may funnel energy into the creation of destructive viruses. Secondly the reason has to do with the thrill of watching things blow up. Some people have a fascination with things like explosions and car wrecks. Creating a virus is a somewhat like that, it creates a virtual bomb inside a computer, and the more computers that get infected; the more "fun" the explosion. The third reason involves bragging rights; some people enjoy the status it holds. Certain types of programmers see security holes that could be exploited, and are compelled to exploit the hole themselves before someone else beats them to it. The reason that drives many people on a day-to-day basis to commit crimes, get easy cash, obtain illegal money, a fast payout; the idea of easy money. Viruses can trick you into buying fake software, steal your personal information and use it to get to your money, or be sold on the digital equivalent of the black market. Powerful viruses are valuable and potentially lucrative tools. Of course, most virus creators seem to miss the point that they cause real damage to real people...
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...Barbarians at the Gateway (and just about everywhere else): A Brief Managerial Introduction to Information Security Issues1 a gallaugher.com case provided free to faculty & students for non-commercial use © Copyright 1997-2009, John M. Gallaugher, Ph.D. – for more info see: http://www.gallaugher.com/chapters.html Draft version last modified: Dec. 7 , 2009 – comments welcome john.gallaugher@bc.edu Note: this is an earlier version of the chapter. All chapters updated Dec. 2009 are now hosted (and still free) at http://www.flatworldknowledge.com. For details see the ‘Courseware’ section of http://gallaugher.com INTRODUCTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After studying this section you should be able to: 1. Recognize that information security breaches are on the rise. 2. Understand the potentially damaging impact of security breaches. 3. Recognize that information security must be made a top organizational priority. Sitting in the parking lot of a Minneapolis Marshalls, a hacker armed with a laptop and a telescope‐shaped antenna infiltrated the store’s network via an insecure Wi‐Fi base station. The attack launched what would become a billion‐dollar plus nightmare scenario for TJX, the parent of retail chains that include Marshalls, Home Goods, and T.J. Maxx. Over a period of several months, the hacker and his gang stole at least 45.7 million credit and debit card numbers, and pilfered driver’s license and other private information from an additional ...
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...private users, the risk of being a victim of cybercrime is huge. The Security Tracking Study performed by the Pomemon Institute states that 83 percent of multinational companies feel that within the past 12 months they have been a target of a cybercrime. Price Water House Coopers states that the number of businesses having a security breach is more along the lines of 92 percent. Cybercrimes are attacks on computer hardware and software, downloading illegal movies and music, online fraud involving financial crimes and corruption with an organization, crimes against children and the elderly, cyber bullying and fraudulent telemarketing events for charitable donations. What was once something only “hackers” did is now something anyone can do. The term hacker was originally described as “any technical effort to manipulate the normal behavior of network connections and connected systems.” The managing director of Accenture’s security practice, Alastair MacWillson, notes that hackers have changed a lot over the past decade. What was a crime with little to no victimization simply to prove their worth and ability has now become a crime whereas there are many different types of victims. Some...
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...as a designer for a university that offers a program in Computer Science. One of the tracts is computer security. One of your colleagues has recommended adding a course addressing network security. In this course, students learn about the history of networks and study network attacks that have caused significant damage to the network that was the subject of the attack. During the second term of this two semester course, the students are taught how to hack into a system, how to create malware (including Trojan horses, viruses, and worms), and how to perpetrate a DOS attack. Choose one or more of the ethical theories discussed in Chapter 2 and combine that with research to determine whether this course should be taught. Be sure to discuss both sides of the issue before taking a specific side. Would it make a difference if this were a graduate or PhD level course instead of an undergraduate level course? Explain. Disadvantages According to research, there are many concerns for offering hands-on training to students in a computer network class. According to Trabelsi & Ibrahim (2013), UAE conducted a survey of the students who used the skills learned in the hands-on DOS attack class. Eighty five percent of students used the skills learned outside the isolated network university lab. These concerns would be the following: that the skills learned in class could be used inappropriately and illegal, teaching these skills to immature and unqualified students may be social irresponsible...
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...Identity Theft: Fastest Growing Crime Tracy A. Baggett DeVry University Keller Graduate School of Management Identity Theft; Fastest Growing Crime Imagine waking up to news that you had accumulated hundreds of thousands in debt after someone used your identity for unauthorized purchases. This is exactly what happened to John Harrison, a Connecticut salesman. Jerry Phillips, the twenty year old who stole John Harrison’s identity went on a shopping spree that included purchases to Home Depot, JC Penny, Sears, Lowes and even bought two cars from Ford, a Kawasaki and a Harley. In just four months Jerry Phillips was able to accumulate $ 265,000 in purchases. Jerry Phillips was later arrested and imprisoned for three years. He even went as far as to apologize to John Harrison saying, “Sorry. You know, I wish I could make it up to you.” John Harrison felt that the nightmare was over with the criminal behind bars and even verbally acknowledging his regret over the crime. But despite all of this and a letter from the Justice Department confirming that John Harrison was a victim, he still found himself owing $140,000 to different creditors. How about waking up in the middle of the night realizing that federal agents just entered your home with guns pointed certainly qualifies as one of the most horrifying ordeals in anyone’s life. This is exactly what happened to Carlos Gomez, a UPS driver accused of being involved in a million dollar money laundering operation headed by a Wachovia...
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...Blackjacking Security Threats to BlackBerry® Devices, PDAs, and Cell Phones in the Enterprise Daniel Hoffman Wiley Publishing, Inc. Blackjacking Blackjacking Security Threats to BlackBerry® Devices, PDAs, and Cell Phones in the Enterprise Daniel Hoffman Wiley Publishing, Inc. Blackjacking: Security Threats to BlackBerrys, PDAs, and Cell Phones in the Enterprise Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2007 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN: 978-0-470-12754-4 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make...
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...Network Security & Ethical Hacking ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Neal Patrick and his friends did not realise they were doing anything unethical, in fact: when asked by Congress “At what point he questioned the ethics of his actions” – he answered “Once the FBI knocked upon my door.” “I have found that inadequate network security is usually caused by a failure to implement security policies and make use of the security tools that are readily available. It’s vital that companies complete professional risk assessments and develop comprehensive security plans and infrastructures that are publicly supported by upper management” Network security is not only about the WAN (Wide Area Network) but also the LAN (Local Area Network) as the two go hand in hand. It is possible to not only have an attack from the Internet but also internally. The moment any form of computer device becomes network capable or dependent of some form of network function, there is a given need for protection to safeguard the flow of information to and from the said device on a given network whether public or private and/or from a trusted to non-trusted source. The problem with locking down a network tightly is the administrative overhead it creates. The more secure the network becomes the greater the need is for someone or a team to administrate this. Eventually you would reach a point where it becomes impossible for the end-user...
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...resources to combat this threat. This paper analyzes numerous cyberattacks by Russian computer enthusiast group Chaos Hackers Crew and other hacktivists during Operation Allied Force in 1999, that included taking down and defacing various NATO and US Government websites, several successful virus propagation attempts on military servers and countless spamming storms. This particular case raises curious questions about the legal definition of term cyberconflict itself, magnitude of the damage from a potential cyberattack on U.S. Government by terrorists and the level of preparedness of key military and intelligence units for the cyberwar. The cyberterrorism threat is real, however it’s essential to recognize that preserving the state of continuous distress over computer vulnerabilities can be profitable. Based on this research, cultural differences play a huge role in the world of computer hackers who decide what entity to attack and how, also the scale of a cyberattack doesn’t matter as economic damage can be devastating regardless of its size. Global governments need to continue working on creating workable laws that accurately describe the problem of cyberattacks and effectively enforce the solution. The modern world still has a long way to go before all security threats are addressed, appropriate defence is in place and all the critical computer infrastructure is protected from hackers,...
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...play an important role for many people and businesses. People use smart phones because it allows them to do many tasks on the go, checking e-mail, viewing bank statements and balances even social networking. For many it has also become a status symbol. To own the latest iPhone or Android is no longer about just function, many of the phones features are never even understood or used. It is about the bragging rights. To stand amongst your friends and family and hold up the shiny new phone and feel superior. The real question though, is are these new phones really better for us, or are they making us better targets for identity theft, privacy invasion and hacking attempts. There have been several changes to phone technology since the cell phone was invented in the 1970’s and used the analog system of sending information. The analog system was unencrypted and could be intercepted by anyone with common electronic devices available at Radio Shack. Next was iDen (Integrated Digital Enhanced Network), which used digital waves instead of analog. It has evolved into what we know now as Nextel’s Push-to-Talk feature. More secure than analog, but still easy to intercept and decode. TDMA (Time Division Media Access) was implemented by AT&T in the 1990’s. It featured a voice security that enabled encryption on your phone based on your voice. However if you enabled it, your phone would not work because AT&T never installed the software on their servers. GMS (Global System...
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...Accounting Information Systems Accounting Information System Tutorial 3 Answers 5.4 Environmental, institutional, or individual pressures and opportune situations, which are present to some degree in all companies, motivate individuals and companies to engage in fraudulent financial reporting. Fraud prevention and detection require that pressures and opportunities be identified and evaluated in terms of the risks they pose to a company. Adapted from the CMA Examination. a. Identify two company pressures that would increase the likelihood of fraudulent financial reporting. b. Sudden deceases in revenue or market share Financial pressure from bonus plans that depend on short-term economic performance Intense pressure to meet/exceed earnings expectations or improve reported performance Significant cash flow problems; unusual difficulty collecting receivables or paying payables Heavy losses, high or undiversified risk, high dependence on debt, or unduly restrictive debt covenants Heavy dependence on new or unproven product lines Severe inventory obsolescence or excessive inventory buildup Highly unfavorable economic conditions (inflation, recession) Litigation, especially management vs. shareholders Impending business failure or bankruptcy Problems with regulatory agencies Unusual spikes in interest rates Poor or deteriorating financial position Identify three corporate opportunities that make fraud...
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...Risks 7 2.3 RISK ASSESMENT 28 2.3.1 Qualitative Risk Assessment 28 Probability 28 Impact 29 Threat Matrix 30 2.3.2 Quantitative Risk Assessment 33 2.4 RISK RESPONSE PLANNING 34 Avoid 35 Mitigate 35 Accept 35 Contingency 35 Transfer 35 2.5 RISK MITIGATION 35 2.6 RISK MONITORING 39 Pulse Meetings 39 Variance Reports 40 Program Reviews 41 Technical Reviews 42 Project Forecasting 43 Problem Solving 45 2.6.1 Project Management Information System 46 Management Reviews 47 Project Dashboards 48 Change Management Log 50 3.0 Computer Incident Response Team Plan 51 3.1 Have an incident response plan. 52 3.2 Pre-define your incident response team 53 3.3 Define your approach: watch and learn or contain and recover. 54 3.4 Pre-distribute call cards. 55 3.5 Forensic and incident response data capture. 56 3.6 Get your users on-side. 56 3.7 Know how to report crimes and engage law enforcement. 57 3.8 Practice makes perfect. 58 4.0 Disaster Recovery versus Business Continuity Planning 59 4.1 Define Key Assets, Threats and Scenarios 61 4.2 Determine the Recovery Window 66 4.3. Define Recovery Solutions 67 4.4. Draft A Disaster Recovery Plan 68 4.5. Establish A Communications Plan and Assign Roles 69 4.6 Disaster Recovery Site Planning 71 4.7 Accessing Data and Applications 73 4.8 Document the Disaster Recovery Plan, In Detail 74 4.9. Test the Disaster Recovery Plan 75 4.10. Refine...
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...An Overview on SOFTWARE PIRACY under Intellectual Property Right Regime e1834 Abinash Chandra Nayak (SOFTWARE PIRACY IS "UNAUTHORIZED COPYING OR DISTRIBUTION OF COPYRIGHTED SOFTWARE .") SOFTWARE PIRACY IS A VIOLATION OF COPYRIGHT LAW AND A FORM OF THEFT . What Is Software Piracy? The definition of software piracy is the "unauthorized copying or distribution of copyrighted software." While this definition may sound simple, its impact and affect are anything but. In 2008, worldwide software piracy rates rose to 41 percent, with losses estimated at $50.2 billion, according to a study by the Business Software Alliance. Identification Whether you purchase software from a retail store or download installation files from an Internet site, a user license, not the CD or possession of installation files, is what gives you the right to install and use the software. The license you purchase defines specific terms and conditions regarding legal use of the software, such as how many computers you may install the software on, or whether you can transfer the software to another computer. Any actions you take outside the limits of the license constitute software piracy. 1 Methods Software piracy can take many forms, but one of the most common includes counterfeiting, or a licensed user making duplicate copies of the software to sell or give away, with or without providing codes to unlicensed users as a work-around to anti-piracy features. Other piracy methods include ...
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...Contents 1. Introduction 2. Assessment Test 3. Chapter 1: Getting Started with Ethical Hacking 1. Hacking: A Short History 2. What Is an Ethical Hacker? 3. Summary 4. Exam Essentials 5. Review Questions 4. Chapter 2: System Fundamentals 1. Exploring Network Topologies 2. Working with the Open Systems Interconnection Model 3. Dissecting the TCP/IP Suite 4. IP Subnetting 5. Hexadecimal vs. Binary 6. Exploring TCP/IP Ports 7. Understanding Network Devices 8. Working with MAC Addresses 9. Intrusion Prevention and Intrusion Detection Systems 10. Network Security 11. Knowing Operating Systems 12. Backups and Archiving 13. Summary 14. Exam Essentials 15. Review Questions 5. Chapter 3: Cryptography 2 1. Cryptography: Early Applications and Examples 2. Cryptography in Action 3. Understanding Hashing 4. Issues with Cryptography 5. Applications of Cryptography 6. Summary 7. Exam Essentials 8. Review Questions 6. Chapter 4: Footprinting and Reconnaissance 1. Understanding the Steps of Ethical Hacking 2. What Is Footprinting? 3. Terminology in Footprinting 4. Threats Introduced by Footprinting 5. The Footprinting Process 6. Summary 7. Exam Essentials 8. Review Questions 7. Chapter 5: Scanning Networks 1. What Is Network Scanning? 2. Checking for Live Systems 3. Checking for Open Ports 4. Types of Scans 5. OS Fingerprinting 6. Banner Grabbing 7. Countermeasures 8. Vulnerability Scanning 9. Drawing Network Diagrams 10. Using Proxies 11. Summary 12. Exam Essentials 13. Review Questions...
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...Certified Get Ahead SY0-401 Study Guide Darril Gibson Dedication To my wife, who even after 22 years of marriage continues to remind me how wonderful life can be if you’re in a loving relationship. Thanks for sharing your life with me. Acknowledgments Books of this size and depth can’t be done by a single person, and I’m grateful for the many people who helped me put this book together. First, thanks to my wife. She has provided me immeasurable support throughout this project. The technical editor, Steve Johnson, provided some good feedback throughout the project. If you have the paperback copy of the book in your hand, you’re enjoying some excellent composite editing work done by Susan Veach. I’m extremely grateful for all the effort Karen Annett put into this project. She’s an awesome copy editor and proofer and the book is tremendously better due to all the work she’s put into it. While I certainly appreciate all the feedback everyone gave me, I want to stress that any technical errors that may have snuck into this book are entirely my fault and no reflection on anyone who helped. I always strive to identify and remove every error, but they still seem to sneak in. About the Author Darril Gibson is the CEO of YCDA, LLC (short for You Can Do Anything). He has contributed to more than 35 books as the sole author, a coauthor, or a technical editor. Darril regularly writes, consults, and teaches on a wide variety of technical and security topics and holds several ...
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...What Is the Internet of Things? Mike Loukides & Jon Bruner ISBN: 978-1-491-92180-7 THE O’REILLY INTERNET OF THINGS CONFERENCE “The future has a funny way of sneaking up on you. You don’t notice it until you’re soaking in it. That was the feeling at O’Reilly’s Solid Conference.” — Wired The traditional boundaries between hardware and software are falling. It’s a perfect storm of opportunity for a software-enhanced, networked physical world. The new products and services created from the melding of software, hardware, and data are built by people who work across disciplines and industries. A vibrant new community is emerging, made up of business and industry leaders, software developers, hardware engineers, designers, investors, startup founders, academics, artists, and policy makers—many of whom have never come together before. They gather at Solid to be inspired, to make connections and launch conversations, and to plug into the future for a few days. Will you be a part of it? Find out more at solidcon.com What Is the Internet of Things? Mike Loukides and Jon Bruner What Is the Internet of Things? by Mike Loukides and Jon Bruner Copyright © 2015 O’Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (http://safaribooksonline...
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