...Open vs Closed Adoptions When one decides to adopt, they would have to decide if they want their adoption to be confidential, semi-open, or open. There are many benefits to all three types of adoptions but which one is more beneficial is the question. First we need a better understanding of the three types of adoptions. Closed adoption is when neither the birth parents nor the adoptive parents know each other. Generally open adoption is when the birth parents and adoptive parents know identifiable information about each other as well as a contract shared between both parties. Semi-open adoptions include unidentifiable information and contact mediated by the agency. By the end of this research one will have formed their own opinion which...
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...Open VS Closed Adoption Background Adoption is a process by which those who adopt a child become the child’s legal parents, and the child ceases to be the legal child of his or her biological parents (Higgins, 2010). All the legal consequences of parenthood are transferred from birth parents to the adoptive parents. The adopted child receives a new birth certificate showing the adopters as the parents, and acquires rights of support and inheritance from the adopting parents. The adopting parents acquire rights to guardianship and custody of the child. Normally the child takes the adopters’ surname. The birth parents cease to have any legal obligations towards the child and lose their rights to custody and guardianship. For an adoption to...
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...1 Tawana Gant English 102 Professor Hennicke April 8, 2013 Open Adoption vs. Closed: A Narcissism Ride Imagine being blind and experiencing the following. You’re 7 years old and your parents have just been in a devastating car crash and right before your eyes you’re now an orphan. Suddenly within weeks, you’re with a family that is in no relation to you and you have brothers and sisters but you do not know where they are because they have been placed with another family. Now having no source of connection with them, you feel emptiness inside because of this tragic change that has happened around you and your family within a short time span. Personally speaking this would be incapacitating to be around a family that were no resemblance to me; who they were or where they came from, and having them make decisions about my life without having any benefaction of my choice. In what manner do the rights of others have to anyone’s information for medical records through a closed adoption process, halting any of the child’s connections? The steps of adoption is to give the child a better contingency at life, though to interfere and disconnect his or her life ties involving their bloodline and history would not be sufficient to their lives in anyway. In other words to have a closed adoption is like someone telling a child there is no way of acquainting with the birth family or simply there is no history to be told about his or her biological roots. Generally speaking...
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...Adoption: A Beautiful Choice Your baby is the most important person in your life and he or she is not even here yet. What is the most important decision for your baby? He or she cannot decide so it is up to you. You have already chosen adoption which is a beautiful choice but are you prepared for your next decision, open or closed adoption? It is important that you know the difference between open adoption and closed adoption and how your choice may affect everyone involved. We will look at everyone involved in this situation, and by the end of this reading, you will know what your decision is to be. Although it may seem that you are not important, you are extremely important. In an adoption, either open or closed, you will choose your baby’s parents. You will be given profiles of perspective parents from which to choose, and they will give you letters. They will tell you all you need to know about them, their family, and their ideas of what adoption should be. When you choose to keep your adoption closed, this is all you will know about the potential parents for your baby. When you choose closed adoption, you the birth parent are done when you sign the papers and your baby is safely in the arms of the loving couple you have selected. You will not have to share your information with the parents of your baby, and they will not share information with you. When you choose to keep your adoption open, you will get more information as time goes by. You will have a...
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...Adoption in the United States Even though it may not be the right time for a birthmother to raise a baby, she could help another family fulfill their lifelong dream to have a baby. Although adoption may be the right decision for her to make for her and her baby, adoption is a forever decision. The birthmother can contact an adoption professional in her state and explore adoption as the right decision for her and her baby. What is Adoption? Adoption is a legal decision that gives the right for someone else to raise a child. The birthmother gives up her rights as the legal parent of her child (Adopt Florida, 2002). Adoption is also considered to be a loving act of caring for a child. The birthparent(s) can choose for another family to raise their child out of love for their child. Working together, the birthparent(s) and the adoptive parents will make a plan in the best interest of the child (American adoptions, 2009). Adoption is not foster care, rather, a permanent placement for a child. Do not rush into adoption without fully understanding and exploring other choices (Adoption Network, 2003-2010). Although adoption may be the right decision for the birthmother to make, adoption is a forever decision. Whether the birthmother is single or married, she may believe that her relationship is not stable enough to raise a child or cannot care for a child (American Adoptions, 2009). Every reason to choose adoption is unique. To make adoption a decision can be very difficult...
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...Lisa Gentzler 6239 Cloverleaf Drive East Amherst, NY 14051 gentzler@buffalo.edu SSC 221 January 31, 2008 Professor Charles E. Carr University at Buffalo 275 Park Hall Buffalo, NY 14260 RE: Reforming Adoption Legislation Dear Professor Carr: Throughout the history of the United States, individuals have sought a myriad of human rights. The Civil War was fought to free thousands of slaves, followed by the long and arduous battle for civil rights. Women waged a fight for voting rights and in 1973, the Supreme Court handed down one of the most important decisions of the 20th century, Roe v. Wade, which gave woman control over their reproduction rights. I was born in 1966, and it has often crossed my mind that had I been conceived a few years later, would I have been put up for adoption, or never been born at all? Nevertheless, I am one of many who are being deprived of one of the most basic human rights of all. In explanation, I am adopted, and because of archaic laws, created in some cases over 100 years ago, the right I am being denied is my birthright. This birthright is being withheld from an estimated six million adult adoptees in the United States. The basic right to know where you came from, to know who you look like, to know who gave birth to you, and, ultimately, to know why you were given away. I was blessed to have been adopted by incredibly loving parents, and even though I had a wonderful upbringing, I always wondered who I look like, my biological...
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...Adoption: A Forever Family Tracey M. Bourgoin Liberty University Abstract "Adoption is the creation of a new, permanent relationship between an adoptive parent and child. Once this happens, there is no legal difference between a child who is adopted and a child who is born into a family. Birthparents have many different reasons for putting children up for adoption" (Gaddie, 2009). Some decide that they want better lives for their children than they feel they are able to provide. Many birthparents say that having their child placed for adoption with another family is the most difficult thing in the world, but that sometimes it is truly in the child's best interest. There are many people who associate adoption with infertility, although many people who can have children, or already do, are adopting children more and more. Adopting a child is a very lengthy process and can take several years before the process is finally complete. Knowing which direction to begin in the process can also be frustrating for couples who are seeking to adopt as well. After all the paperwork, interviews, and home visits you will find that in the end your adoption journey will have been the most rewarding and fulfilling experience of your lifetime - and one that you will never take for granted once that precious gift from God is placed in your arms. Keywords: Adoption, birthparents, infertility, home visits, and interviews Adoption Introduction There are many married couples who struggle...
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...The Economics of Open Source Software Development Jiirgen Bitzer and Philipp J. H. Srhroder (Editurs) O 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V. Linux vs. Windows: A Comparison of Application and Platform Innovation Incentives for Open Source and Proprietary Software Platforms Nicholas Economides and Evangelos Katsamakas ABSTRACT The chapter analyzes and compares the investment incentives of platform and application developers for Linux and Windows. We find that the level of investment in applications is larger when the operating system is open source rather than proprietary. The comparison of the levels of investment in the operating systems depends, among others, on reputation effects and the number of developers. The chapter also develops a short case study comparing Windows and Linux and identifies new directions for open source software research. Keywords: Open Source Software, operating systems, technology platforms, Linux, innovation incentives. JEL Classification: L 10, L86, L3 1. 10.1 INTRODUCTION Open source software is an emerging type of software that may fundamentally affect the business and economic features of the software industry. Linux, an open source operating system, has been the prominent example of the potential of the open source movement, competing against Microsoft Windows, the incumbent operating system. 208 Nicholas Economides and Evangelos Katsamkas This chapter analyzes the incentives to invest in application software and an operating...
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...Adoption in the Middle School Years Introduction To adopt a child means to take another’s child and raise him/her as one’s own. The process of adoption will have numerous rewarding experiences as well as difficult ones. When it comes to adopting a child in the middle school years, more challenges will present themselves than in any other age group. During this age, children begin to develop a sense of identity and begin to question their life experiences and their biological parents. School-aged children at this age go through numerous significant developmental changes. Much of their identity is derived from their family and peers in their lives. However, for adopted children, developing an identity is more complicated than non-adopted children. They have to assimilate two separate families and biological backgrounds as they explore how they fit in and the person they are growing up to be. Many of these children often face self-esteem issues and self-worth, and that is what makes them different from other children. A majority of adopted children have difficulty building social relationships with those around them and this can lead to depression, low academic performance, and even aggression. It is clear to see why adopting a younger child would be much simpler, but older children need homes, as well. Research 1 For many decades, adoption has become a highly successful solution for many adults who cannot provide for their children. Although adoption is viewed as a solution...
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...Open Source and Closed Source Operating Systems POS/355 Jim W November 3, 2013 History repeats once again and proves that the saying, (two heads are better than one) continues to be true! The movement for the collaboration of the thinkers, inventors, and creators; to come together and share ideas and concepts that advance the development of mature and immature open source code is here to stay. The original hackers from the 1950’s (computer enthusiasts’) at MIT’s Tech Railroad Club left their programs in drawers for others to work on. This concept of sharing and developing source code for a wide range of functionality continues to enable programmers and students to use source code as a learning tool that sparks worldwide innovation! Open Source operating systems are usually free OS’s that can be manipulated via the source code format rather than the compiled binary code format, which is only available by closed source code. There are quite a few different open source code providers with the three most popular being GNU/Linux, BSD UNIX, and Solaris. Not only did the GNU/Linux open source operating system serve the standard OS features and function, it also produced many UNIX-compatible tools, including utilities, compilers and editors, but never released a kernel. The advantage of collaboration of the open source OS, Linus Torvalds, a student from Finland released a rudimentary UNIX-like kernel using the GNU compilers and tools and invented contributions worldwide. This...
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...International Adoption Bringing home a new child is one of the most rewarding moments of a parent's life, and I'm certain any mother would agree. Though not all women are graced with the natural ability to create such precious life, it doesn't mean that bringing a new child home is not possible. Adoption gives families the chance to raise and love children of their own even if they are incapable of producing offspring themselves, including my own family. I currently share a home with my nine year-old sister who was adopted from Guatemala when she was only ten months old. Although my dad and stepmother raised her since she was an infant, she is definitely unique from me and my natural brother. He and I tend to shy away from excessive social interaction while my little sister thrives on it. Everyone in the neighborhood knows Alanna. Alanna has given us so much just by being a part of our family. Without our dusky, curly haired girl, our lives would be bleak and boring. Adoption has given my stepmother a chance to raise her own child when she otherwise could not. Having a child was so important to my stepmother and biological father that they spent thousands of dollars and countless hours working with an adoption agency. International adoption was more appealing than adopting within the country because the likelihood a biological parent would try to regain custody in the future was far less likely. My parents decided to adopt from Guatemala using a private agency because the adoption process...
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...29 8) Bibliography………………………………………. 30 1) Abstract This literature review explores the concept of direct contact, and what impact it has on the challenges that face adopted children. It begins by discussing adoption, contact and the meaning of these concepts. The key findings are then analysed and discussed in correlation to social work practice. From the literature analysed it would seem that direct contact has a positive impact on the challenges facing adopted children. These include, identity development,attachment development and reduced feelings of loss. Recommendation for future practice and research; although there is much to be learnt from research that has been carried out to date, simple formulas and rules cannot be applied; decisions made around contact require case by case assessment of the risks and benefits. Furthermore, long term, large scale research needs to be carried out to examine the effects of direct post adoption contact on children’s lives as they continue to develop and their needs change. 2) Introduction Children in families formed by adoption have challenges, or ‘additional tasks’ (Neil,2002) to negotiate that do not concern families formed by birth (Brodzinsky, 1990; Triseliotis et...
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...Paper to be presented at the DRUID Summer Conference 2007 on APPROPRIABILITY, PROXIMITY, ROUTINES AND INNOVATION Copenhagen, CBS, Denmark, June 18 - 20, 2007 ENTERING A MATURE INDUSTRY THROUGH INNOVATION: APPLE S IPHONE STRATEGY Joel West San José State University joel.west@sjsu.edu *Michael Mace Rubicon Consulting mike@rubiconconsulting.com Abstract: Innovation competencies are valuable in emergent and high-growth phases of the lifetime of a product or industry segment. For mature industries, researchers have emphasized strengths in operations and execution, with the implication that innovation-oriented companies must enter early in the product lifecycle or not at all. Here we examine the decision of Apple Inc. to enter the mobile handset business. We link the iPhone entry strategy to its historic competencies and the industry context of commodization and convergence. From this we offer conclusions about openness in mobile phones and prospects for a single dominant design for convergence devices. JEL - codes: O30, L16, L1 Entering a Mature Industry Through Innovation: Apple’s iPhone Strategy Submitted to DRUID Summer Conference 2007 February 28, 2007 Abstract Innovation competencies are valuable in emergent and high-growth phases of the lifetime of a given product or industry segment. For mature industries, researchers have emphasized strengths in operations and execution, with the implication that innovation-oriented companies must enter early in the product...
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...their collaborative digital enterprise, and likelihood to rapidly grow usage. Viral marketing is used to secure digital word-of-mouth recommendations from the targeted influencers by competing for attention, referals, and useage activity. The service is positioned for digitally productive academics needing a superior layer of compartmentalised internet, a less intrusive interface and an evolved content feed that provides the one stop shop for all public and private Social Media (SM) productivity. The plan covers the logical flow of considerations, goals and actions defined by Armstrong and Kotler (2012), for creation, definition and communication of value to the target segment. Marketing Situation Gerraroom will drive adoption via unforeseen modes of web interaction but launches to existing SM users, so current and evolved trends are relevant. Mckinsey's Digital Economy report (2012) identifies 1.5 billion SM users globally and corroborates's usage insights from Facebook (2012), suggesting direct commercial applications and collaboration are secondary to social interaction and entertainment (Appendix 1). The report also...
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...Abstract The paper examines the key factors influencing the adoption of e-business technology by SMEs. To this end, the paper draws on a range of literatures on the diffusion of new information and communication technologies (ICTs), many of which have hitherto been treated as separate. The reasons for this are two-fold. First, e-business technologies are the latest in a line of new ICT technologies. When exploited successfully, ICTs have increased firm competitiveness either by raising the efficiency of internal communication and organisation and/or supply chain relationships, or by facilitating the development of new/improved products and services. Second, it is hypothesised that many of the factors affecting the successful adoption of new technologies are generic in nature. With regards to SMEs specifically, consideration of earlier research may assist us in identifying a set of enablers and barriers to e-business adoption. Hence, by explicitly acknowledging the context and prior history of research in the area, we are able to map out the dimensions of future theoretical and empirical research in e-business adoption by SMEs. In addition to drawing together factors identified by existing research, the paper highlights the implications of network externalities for the timing of technology investments and the returns that accrue to early and late adopters. It also draws attention to a number of problems associated with the analytical concept of ‘the SME’ when it...
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