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Differentiating Between File Systems

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Jeff Knight_Lab4A.doc Instructor * Differentiating Between File Systems

Which File System Is Intended Primarily For Use in USB Flash Drives FAT32 refers to the 32-bit version of FAT or File Allocation Table. FAT is a computer filing system typically used in a variety of portable devices including floppy disks, memory cards, and USB flash drives among others. This filing system is very simple which is why it is commonly used on portable devices. But this particular filing system can also be applied to older operating systems including that of MS-DOS and Windows 9x versions. FAT32 uses disk space more efficiently than older file allocation standards or formats. It is also capable of handling drives of up to 2 TB in size. And even if drives have bigger sizes, the FAT32 system allows for the use of smaller clusters which results to better use of disk space. The FAT32 file allocation system also allows relocation of the root folder or the (highest folder in the hierarchy). and at the same time utilizes the backup copy of the file allocation table in doing this operation. This increases FAT32’s robustness and efficiency. Having numerous root folders at various locations is also not a concern with the FAT32 system. This results in the possibility of resizing the FAT32 partitions dynamically. But not all systems are compatible with FAT32 including old types of motherboards and BIOS. Some also report that FAT32 is actually slower than FAT16 depending on the size of the disk. FAT32 also provides no file security and fault tolerance features which are present with newer file allocation systems such as NTFS.

Which File System Provides Support for Larger Hard Drives and Better Security NTFS is a Microsoft file system. It was introduced in Windows NT and has been the default file system for every version of Microsoft Windows since. NTFS replaced the aged FAT file system and addresses most of FAT's shortcomings. NTFS has been continuously maintained and improved by Microsoft, and the current version provides secure data storage that meets the requirements of modern hardware and usage. However, NTFS remains a closed standard, Microsoft does not publish its API nor implementation details. Therefore only Microsoft operating systems can use NTFS natively, and even OS's that are capable of reading and writing to NTFS cannot be installed on hard disks formatted as NTFS. The NTFS acronym stands for New Technology File System. The name derives from the implementation of very innovative data storage techniques that were refined in NTFS. While none of the techniques are unique to NTFS, it is the first time that so many innovations were released at once on a production file system. The FAT file system had long been criticized for not including some of the more obvious improvements such as journaling, disk quotas, and file compression. However, these improvements made NTFS incompatible with previous versions of Windows, and also with hard disk tools designed for FAT file systems. Although designed specifically for use with Microsoft Windows, work has been done to provide some level of interoperability between NTFS and other operating systems (notably Mac OS-X and Linux). Most of the projects involved in deciphering the NTFS API have been open source efforts, however a few vendor’s solutions have come to light. Microsoft keeps the NTFS a close-guarded secret, so all work must be reverse engineered. Read access has proven to be relatively easy to implement, and all current interoperability solutions provide full read access for uncompressed files and folders, with the exception of ADS or (Alternate Data Stream) files. Also, no NTFS interoperability solution currently provides reliable write access. Most implementations limit the amount of writes that they will make to the file system to prevent corruption, while others provide read-only access.

Why FAT32 is Preferred over NTFS FAT32 is a fluff-free and simple system that is documented and mainly keeps track of file locations. The simplicity of FAT32 has made it the file system of choice for portable storage mediums like in memory cards, mp3 players and flash players. NTFS file system is more complex and offers multiple enhancements that increase security as well as performance. NTFS file system allows automatic file compression prior to being written freeing up hard disk space and also has disk quotas which allows system administrator to allocate disk space to users. FAT32 can be converted to NTFS but it is not so easy to convert NTFS back to FAT. NTFS has great security, file by file compression, quotas and file encryption. However if there is more than one operating system on a single computer, it is better to format your PC volumes as FAT32. Using multiple operating systems in the same computer would make FAT32 a better choice if you want both OSs to read the drive. If there is only Windows OS, NTFS is perfectly fine. If you are going to put an NFTS onto a USB flash drive, the USB must be formatted first. After the USB is formatted for NFTS it can no longer be used for FAT32 files unless you wipe the Flash drive first deleting your NFTS data.

References
Cohen, D. (27 Apr 2015). What is NTFS? http:www.what-is-what.com/what_is/ntfs.html.
Nikhilesh Jasuja, H. G. (23 Apr 2015). FAT32 vs NTFS. Seattle, WA: http://www.diffen.com.
Z, E. (August 17, 2011). What is FAT32. http:www.Qwhatis.com.

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