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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA PARAÍBA
CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS, LETRAS E ARTES
DEPARTAMENTO DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS
DISCIPLINA: Sociologia Aplicada à Administração
PROFESSORA: Cleomar Felipe Cabral
GRUPO: Ariela Diniz Cordeiro SEMESTRE: 2007.1 Bruno Vinícius Pessoa Santos DATA: 21/09/2007 Thaïs de Matos Barbosa Thiago Nunes Morais

QUESTIONÁRIO REFERENTE AO TRABALHO
A Globalização e seus malefícios

1. Por que a globalização se tornou tão contraditória?

RESPOSTA: Porque, apesar de ser algo que, a princípio, apareceria como sendo extremamente benéfico, pois traria oportunidades de abertura comercial entre as nações, o entrelaçamento de informações e a maior facilidade de comunicação entre os povos através da rede mundial de computadores, tornou-se prejudicial às nações em desenvolvimento, posto que a realidade acima descrita era para poucos, ou seja, as classes menos favorecidas não teriam acesso a essas “facilidades do mundo moderno e globalizado”. Sendo assim, a pobreza e a diferença social cresceu de forma exorbitante devido a essas mudanças.

2. Quais eram os papéis iniciais do FMI e do Banco Mundial? Eles surgiram com esses nomes? Onde eles surgiram?

RESPOSTA: O banco Mundial e o Fundo Monetário Internacional tiveram surgimento em decorrência da Conferência Financeira e Monetária das Nações Unidas, em Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, em julho de 1944, e o seu principal objetivo do FMI e do Banco Mundial, inicialmente, era reconstruir a Europa, que fora devastada após a Segunda Guerra Mundial e, por conseguinte, salvar o mundo de uma depressão econômica futura. O Fundo Monetário Internacional surgiu, de fato, com esse nome; a única mudança fica por conta do nome do Banco Mundial, que surgiu como sendo Banco Mundial para a Reconstrução e o Desenvolvimento.

3. O FMI de outrora é o mesmo FMI de hoje? Se não, explique o porquê.

RESPOSTA: O FMI de ontem se baseava no conceito de que, em geral, os mercados funcionam mal. Fundamentado na crença de que era preciso pressionar os países para obter políticas econômicas mais expansivas. Já, atualmente, O FMI apenas fornece recursos se os países se engajarem em políticas como corte de gastos, aumento de impostos e elevação das taxas de juros.

4. Quais as grandes diferenças entre os pensamentos de Hollis Chenery e Ann Krueger?

RESPOSTA: Ann Krueger via os livres mercados como a solução dos problemas dos países em desenvolvimento, o que é oposto aos pensamentos de Hollis Chenery, que se focalizou na maneira como os mercados fracassavam nos países em desenvolvimento e como os governos poderiam ajudar.

5. Qual é a função da Organização Mundial de Comércio?

RESPOSTA: A função da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC) é organizar as relações comerciais internacionais.

6. Quais são os efeitos da inflação nos países em desenvolvimento?

RESPOSTA: Com a taxa alta de inflação nos países em desenvolvimento, ocorre um baixo desenvolvimento dessas nações e, com isso, um aumento enorme da taxa de desemprego. Com isso, aumenta o número de miseráveis e de pessoas envolvidas com a criminalidade.

7. Quais são as características da privatização? E quais os seus problemas?

RESPOSTA: As características da privatização são a transformação do público em privado, há ganhos de produtividade, atrai mais investidores para os países e elimina a ineficiência da administração pública. Os problemas que surgem com isso são o rápido processo de globalização, falta de planejamento, custos sociais, desemprego e a dependência do setor público.

8. Quais são as características da liberalização? E quais os seus problemas?

RESPOSTA: As características da liberalização são a abertura comercial e financeira, a diminuição de barreiras, ganho de produtividade e a integração mundial de mercados. Os problemas desta são o desemprego, a crise econômica e financeira, inadequação do mercado externo, insuficiência do setor privado e o abuso por parte dos países desenvolvidos.

9. Quais são as características dos investimentos estrangeiros? E quais os seus problemas?

RESPOSTA: As características dos investimentos estrangeiros são modernizar e aumentar a eficiência, financiar setores onde há carência de investimentos e maior acessibilidade a créditos e a mercados. Os grandes problemas que estes trazem são a tendência monopolista, a falta de sensibilidade social, a limitação quanto a empréstimos a empresas nacionais e a rigidez quanto a políticas monetárias do Bacen.

RESPOSTAS DO QUESTIONÁRIO

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