...Definition of Vocabulary It is important to define the term vocabulary because it is the basic foundation in any language and through reviewing the literature, the researcher found the following definitions that share some similarities. Hornby (2000) in Oxford Advanced Learner‘s Dictionary of Current English states that vocabulary is all the words that someone knows or uses, the words that are typically used when talking about particular subject or a list of words with the explanation of their meanings in a book for learning foreign language. Saputra (2007) gives a comprehensive definition of vocabulary and describes it as all the words that are used in a language, have meanings and Also, the American Heritage Dictionary (2010) defines vocabulary...
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...Definitions are commonly used in technical documents to help audience members who are unfamiliar with the terminology in a technical field. In this conference, we look at definitions in terms of their audience. 1. Select a term commonly used in your major or field of study/work. For example, if you are a computer science major or work in information technology, you might select the term "kernel" related to an operating system. 2. Find a definition of the term on a credible website and post the definition or a link to the definition in your response. 3. Evaluate the definition in terms of its effectiveness for the audience. Give us your reasons for why the definition is effectiveness or not. This term is introduced to accounting students on their first introduction to accounting classes and it is also mentioned on the major headline news such as the Enron and WorldCom financial fraud cases. This term, although its main audience is people in the accounting field, has become very effective due to the major financial fraud cases such as Enron, WorldCom, Bernard Madoff and others. The main audience for this term are individuals who are related to the accounting field. Learning that an organization has been cooking the books instantly portrays that a financial fraud has occurred. Also, this term has become a part of the English language due to the major financial fraud cases such as Enron, WorldCom, and Bernard Madoff. This term is effective in its way that it portrays...
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...having gone through change after change depending on the era, user and situation as well as many other factors. Based off these various reasons, the word dope has taken on many different meanings over the years ranging from gravy, to stupid, to drugs, and the most recent definition being cool or awesome. As the time period shapes the word and redefines it, users should strive to use the most recent definition to prevent miscommunication. In this specific case, Dope should be redefined as a word to be used synonymously with awesome or cool to describe something as being really neat or impressive. Dope originally held the meaning in 1807 of describing a gravy or other viscous liquid coming from the Dutch word doopen, meaning “to dip.” The first ever official recording of the word in any form of dictionary or written ledger however was not until 1851 and carried a whole new meaning. At this time it was utilized as a form of American slang describing a silly or stupid person according to the Oxford English Dictionary A classic example of this usage occurs in the famous Disney movie Snow White in 1937 where one of the seven dwarves had the name Dopey remarking on his slow foolishness. During the time this definition was becoming less used, dope took on a completely new meaning. People began describing the act of doing drugs as doping. Since drugs seem to make individuals’’ foolish and silly...
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...Kwame Anthony Appiah’s essay, “Race, Culture, Identity” revolves around the words mentioned in the title, and how each one of their definitions are misunderstood and mistaken for one another. He works his way towards clarifying what each one means, using various concepts, examples and references to the words of historical figures. Two of the concepts used to identify what a race was were the ideational meaning and referential meaning. Out of the two, ideational meaning is one where one cannot get a clear definition about what a certain word or object is, however, all the facts presented about it still hold true. “The simplest theory would also require that if we collected together all these criterial beliefs about race and took them all together, they could be thought of as defining the meaning of the word, “race.” (This is equivalent to saying that there are things that have to be true of something if it is to be a race – conditions necessary are, when taken together, sufficient for being a race.) We can use a device invented by the English philosopher Frank Ramsey in the 1920s to make this an explicit definition: something is a race just in case all the criterial beliefs are true of it. Lets call this the “strict criterial theory.” (Appiah 104) Appiah had stated earlier, right before this quotation, that criterial beliefs “define the concept” that one is talking about. For example, if a person was talking about a laptop, certain points or descriptions such as “it needs...
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...0 Ms. K English J 101 July 7, 2014 Portfolio B Informative Synthesis In “Say Everything”, Emily Nussbaum concentrates on a new definition of privacy that Daniel J. Solove has noticed as well; but differs in the new definition. The lack of privacy as noted by both authors with examples of published shame such as the “star wars kid” and “Susie”(6 Nussbaum)(15 Solove). However, Nussbaum focuses on positive responds she has received toward exposure from her interviews. Xiyin Tang, a blogger, accepts the negative comments from her audience but admit she does not care, and her actions will not change for their comments. Additionally, another girl, Oppermann described privacy online as “You are getting what you’re being” (5 Nussbaum) with an evident high tolerance toward judgment. Nussbaum focusing on publishment an example for the lack of privacy concludes that the younger generation is capable of handling exposure. However, Solove describe the new privacy with accessibility of the publisher information supporting the idea with an example of Facebook’s News Feed feature (21 Solove). Facebook launched a new feature they called News Feet that release information of users online activity to other commercial websites in 2007(21 Solove). Surprisingly, the users of Facebook responded with outrage. From this response, Solove interprets the new problem is based on accessibility of information instead of the ability to publish information, insisting that although information is...
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...In the English language when looking at the word race, in Anthropology, according to Dictionary.com, LLC (2001), defined as a noun, “an arbitrary classification of modern humans, sometimes, especially formerly, based on any or a combination of various physical characteristics, as skin color, facial form, or eye shape, and now frequently based on such genetic markers as blood groups” (race2 , para. 3 b). For my own definition of the word race it has little meaning. I was raised with no bias, hate or animosity for people of different color or nationality. For each person I come into contact with during my daily travels, I approach them as a friend and make adjustment to my perception of them on their interaction with me. I personally feel that judgment of others based on the color of their skin, their assumed nationality, hair type, facial features or dialect is, JUST NOT THE RIGHT WAY. This touches on another issue the people of the world have, racism. The term ethnicity, according to Dictionary.com, LLC (2001), defined as a noun, “ethnic traits, background, allegiance, or association” (ethnicity, para. 1). My own meaning of the word ethnicity is based on the area of origin for a particular person or people. The differences in people are a narrow view when based on their ethnicity. The importance of the concept of race and ethnicity to the society of the United States is mainly based on the census and personal views of the population. The two concepts are usually brought...
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...v. holmes Instructions Use SafeAssign before submitting your assignment. Alabama State University English 132 Mrs. V.C. Holmes Definition Essay Due: October 9, 2012 *Definition is the action of the power of language to describe, explain, or make clear a word, phrase or expression. Guidelines: This essay must meet the following minimum standards: A. Clearly state thesis B. Adequate and specific supporting details (a variety) C. Unified structure and adequate, logical organization (transitions) D. An identifiable pattern of development namely “definition.” E. Clear, Concise, Coherent sentences that contain no more than a total of five (5) errors in basic grammar, mechanics and usage. F. An introduction to include: 1. Formal definition, negation, stipulative, etymology. (Follow Example) 2. Thesis Statement First Body Second Body Third Body Conclusion English 132- Assignment Definition Essay Preliminary Approach Your first challenge is to analyze the literary analyses previously assigned. Define words in the text if you are not familiar with them. Determine the “stance” or “thesis” of the text. What is the purpose of the literary analysis? Research the author and text written. Definition Essay Write a five paragraph essay defining one of the major characters in your assigned text or the “dominant impression” (an overall feeling expressed) in the text. This “word” or “word phrase” should be expressed in your thesis statement. (Expanded) Thesis...
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...Sagine Bredy 2/19/14 English 109 Definition Essay 1 Final Revision Define the word “praiseworthy.” Praiseworthiness has many characteristics that can be good. A person who is considered praiseworthy is not afraid to do things that seem impossible. How can the term “praiseworthy” be defined? According to Google, the term “praiseworthy” can be defined as “deserving of approval and admiration.” Three distinctive attributes of the term are determination, bravery, and strong faith. One characteristic of being praiseworthy is determination. Determined people are willing to do anything to accomplish their challenges. Two examples of praiseworthy characters are the blessed child (“Jasmine”) from “The Price of Jasmines and Lilies” and the crow from “The Crow and the Pitcher.” In “The Price of Jasmines and Lilies,” Jasmine was considered a blessed child because she had powers such as turning water into gold, and whenever she spoke, jasmines and lilies fell from her mouth. As Jasmine was traveling with her aunt to meet the prince, Jasmine exchanged her eyes for water because she was thirsty. She was determined to get her eyesight back by praying to her god, Allah and decided to sell her flowers with the help of the old man. She was blessed with two eyes from an elderly man that was selling her jasmines and lilies in exchange for two eyes. Jasmine is praiseworthy because she wanted to sell her jasmines and lilies to get two eyes in exchange. In “The Crow and the Pitcher,” the...
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...Kayla Hinojosa English 2321 Short Paper (3/20) April 4, 2013 “Cultural values defined in ‘Beowulf’ and ‘Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’ ” The cultural values depicted in “Beowulf” and “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” are those of courage, honor, strength and humility among many others. Now, while exploring the ethos of the cultures in these pieces of literature the reader can deduce that each value means something different. What defines courage (and other values) in “Beowulf” differs from the definition of courage in “Sir Gawain” in many ways including the struggles Beowulf himself faced with Grendel, in “Sir Gawain” with the encounter with the lord’s wife, among other events in both poems. To begin with, in “Beowulf” these values are defined through the heroic code, which was held in the Anglo-Saxon culture in which this poem takes place. Beowulf himself is the definition of a “hero”, exemplifying values such as courage and strength. For example, one challenge that Beowulf held was the battle with Grendel. He shows exceptional strength when he is able to rip of Grendel’s arm which we see in the text itself, "The monster's whole body was in pain; a tremendous wound appeared on his shoulder. Sinews split and the bone-lapping’s burst. Beowulf was granted the glory of winning". The ability to cause so much physical pain to a giant monster shows just how powerful and strong Beowulf is. Strength here is sort of defined as physical power and ability rather than spiritual strength...
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...if w L2, then so is wxw L2 Find all strings in L2 with length less than 7 characters (note: ‘w’ is a meta symbol). 3. (7 pts.) Consider the recursively defined language, L3: i) ac L3 and gbb L3 ii) if w L3, then so is gwa L3 Find all strings in L3 with length less than 9 characters (note: ‘w’ is a meta symbol). 4. (7 pts.) Given the alphabet {xyz abc}, give a recursive definition for the language whose words do not contain the string xyzxyz. Notes: a. Treat ‘xyz’ and ‘abc’ as single letters (i.e. atomic tokens that cannot be decomposed). b. This must be a constructive definition (i.e. in the definition, you cannot say what is not in the language. That is, the definition cannot use constructs like: ‘not,’, ≠, +. Also you cannot use exponents in the meta variable: w+,w2. You can use repeated variables, ww or multiple variables w, x. These same constraints apply to all of the remaining recursive questions. Basically, they should look similar to Questions 2 and 3 above. 5. (7 pts.) Given the alphabet {xyz abc}, give a recursive definition for the language whose words contain the string xyzxyz (note: there are an infinite number of words in this language, same constraints as in Question 4. 6. (10 pts.) Let L = {x yy xxy} Which of the following strings are in L*, which are not? Show why you answered yes or no. a. yyxxxy, b. xyyyxxyy, c. xyyxyyxxxyy, d. yyxyyxxyxy, e. yyxyyxxyyy 7. (5 pts.) Consider...
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...questions that concern most people today. Over the years, there have been different kinds of answers to this question anddifferent roads have been suggested by different kinds of people. Related to the dilemma of whatsuccess means is the question of how to achieve it and the role talent plays in achieving it. Daniel Coyle’s book “The Talent Code” is one of many approaches to the resolution of this problem. In his book, Coyle studies talent - what it is, the reason for it and its role in success. He visitsnine places that he considers talent hot-beds so as to observe talented people. He calls these places “the chicken - wire Havards” because they produce huge amounts of talents despite being small andhumble (p. 11).He begins with the definition of talent a s “the possession of repeatable skills that don’t dependon physical size” (p. 11, footnote). The objective of the first chapter is to prove to its readers thatdeep-practicing is the way skills are gained and show how this process contributed to the success of those who were trained through it. One of the concepts involved in this process is the sweet spot, andit is defined by Robert Bjork as the “optimal gap between what you know and what you’re trying todo.” (p. 19). “Deep practice” is the art of increasing learning velocity by “struggling in certain targeted ways – operating at the edges of your ability where you make mistakes ….” (p. 15). To understandhow this comes to play in training, the writer uses the...
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...Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living being[clarify]. In humans, it is the general condition of a person's mind and body, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain (as in "good health" or "healthy").[1] The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."[2][3] Although this definition has been subject to controversy, in particular as lacking operational value and because of the problem created by use of the word "complete," it remains the most enduring.[4][5] Other definitions have been proposed, among which a recent definition that correlates health and personal satisfaction.[6][7] Classification systems such as the WHO Family of International Classifications, including the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), are commonly used to define and measure the components of health. Systematic activities to prevent or cure health problems and promote good health in humans are undertaken by health care providers. Applications with regard to animal health are covered by the veterinary sciences. The term "healthy" is also widely used in the context of many types of non-living organizations and their impacts for the benefit of humans, such as in the sense of healthy communities, healthy cities or healthy environments...
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...URI 25 September 2013 Oedipus Tragic Hero Webster’s dictionary defines a hero as a person, who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. Although this definition accurately describes Oedipus’ character, tragic hero is more of an apt description. A tragic hero is defined usually by the following: One, A man of noble stature. Two, A selfless man who is not afraid to come under scrutiny. Three, The hero honorably receives the punishment given to him. From the beginning to end of the play Oedipus The King, by Sophocles, Oedipus truly defines himself as a hero, a tragic hero. Oedipus is first introduced as the sole ruler of Thebes. Kings/Dictators are usually looked down upon due to their brash and selfish behavior, but Oedipus is the opposite. A priest say, “Therefore, O mighty power, we turn to you: find us our safety, find us a remedy, whether by counsel of the gods or of men. A king of wisdom tested in the past can act in a time of troubles, and act well. Noblest of men, restore life to your city! “(Sophocles 2) when Oedipus makes a declaration to save the city of Thebes from the ongoing plague. The priest calls him the “Noblest of men” in marvel, at the fact, a man of such high stature and importance takes the time to address the concerns of his people. The words used to describe Oedipus such as liberator, noblest of men, boldness, and mighty power show that the people of Thebes rely on and look to Oedipus for safety...
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...Definitions A definition is a statement that gives the meaning of a concept. For simple and relatively concrete concepts such as ‘Table’ we can understand them without definitions by simply seeing them. But most concepts are abstract and complex and to understand them definitions are important tool of knowledge. A definition does the following functions: a. It clarifies the boundaries of a concept. b. It clarifies the relationships among concepts. c. It clarifies the referents of the concepts. Vagueness and Ambiguity A term is ‘vague’ means it is hazy obscure and imprecise for example the words love, happiness, rich or poor are vague. We can rarely tell whether they apply to a given situation or not. How rich one has to be in order to be called rich? An ‘ambiguous expression’ is one that can be interpreted as having more than one clearly distinct meaning in a given context for example: words such as proper, light, critical, bank can be used ambiguously. If one were to describe an action as proper, does this mean proper in moral sense or proper in the sense of being socially acceptable? The difference between ambiguity and vagueness is that vague terminology allows for a relatively continuous range of interpretations, where as ambiguous terminology allows for multiple discrete interpretations. A vague expression creates a blur of meaning where as ambiguous expression mixes up otherwise clear meanings. Definitions and their purposes Definition is a group...
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...“By definition a miracle can never happen.” Discuss. The known definition of a miracle is “an extraordinary and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore attributed to a divine agency.” However, Peter Vardy in The Puzzle of God gave four different definitions provided by many different scholars, including Aquinas and Hume, with Hume believing they are impossible but cannot be disproved compared to Aquinas believing they are completely possible even within the system of natural activity. What a miracle is can be debated forever due to the many different interpretations of who and why they come about, with psychologists such as Freud arguing they are just an illusion and Wiles arguing that miracles do exist but not as a result of God’s will. The real question is whether the laws of nature can ever be broken and to that affect – do miracles define themselves into non-existence? The definition of a miracle provided by Hume is “a transgression of the laws of nature brought about by the volition of a deity.” He believes that miracles are simply an interposition by some invisible agent, but he however goes on to challenge this definition with his theoretical case miracles which argued that the laws of nature we experience are constant and therefore cannot be changed, In response to this, as the laws of nature cannot be defied, (if they could be broken they would not be laws), by Hume’s definition, miracles can never happen, as laws of nature...
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