...The Role of Public Participation in Organic Waste Management A Case Study of Abuja, Nigeria ABSTRACT Environmental management issues continue to pose greater challenges to various regions across the globe. The municipality of Abuja suffers from low level of public participation in engaging in organic waste management as one of the main ways of achieving environmental sanitation. In a bid to identify ways of enhancing public participation in organic waste management, the study used qualitative primary research, which involved interviewing 57 members of the public through questionnaires. The participants were picked on a simple random basis. From the results the study established that there has been a low level participation amongst the members of the public in organic waste management. The low participation results from some specific obstacles or factors inhibiting the same. Amongst the obstacles identified include lack of adequate funding, insufficient resources, lack of information, ineffective policies and regulation framework, and lack of awareness as some of the obstacles that have inhibited public participation in organic waste management. As a result, the study provides specific recommendations on how to enhance public participation in organic waste management as one of the ways of promoting environmental sanitation. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 6 1.1 Introduction 6 1.2 Statement of the Problem...
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...BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Our lifestyle has changed in this fast paced world as compared to few decades ago. Today, more and more people are caught up in an endless cycle of buying and throwing away, seeing consumption as a means of self-fulfillment. Consumption is the reason why anything is produced. Demand towards products is driven by convenience and habit which in returned is hard to change. Over the years majority consumers have realized that their purchasing behaviour has a direct impact on many ecological problems (Laroche, 1996). The growth of organic agriculture is seen as part of the emerging marketing trends where consumers demand to know what benefits a food could deliver before making a purchasing decision, consumers tend to seek for “Natural aspect” of the Food products, as well as their effects on Environment. On the other hand, the healthy issue is becoming one of the prior concerns of consumers in purchasing products, especially when it comes to food. This factor is appeared as the main driving force for consumers to purchase organic food (Yin et al., 2010). According to Jia et al. (2002) food is categorized as “organic” if the product does not contain artificial synthesized fertilizers, pesticides, livestock, growth regulators and poultry feed additives. A variety of agricultural products can be produced organically, including produce, grains, meat, dairy, eggs, and processed food products. "Organic" does not mean "natural." There is no legal definition as...
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...intention for organic personal care products Hee Yeon Kim and Jae-Eun Chung Department of Consumer Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA Abstract Purpose – Using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to examine the effects of consumer values and past experiences on consumer purchase intention of organic personal care products, this study aims to consider further the moderating effect of perceived behavioral control on the attitudeintention relationship. Design/methodology/approach – An online survey was conducted with 207 online panel members, and multiple regression analysis was used to test the relationships among the variables. Findings – The results indicate that environmental consciousness and appearance consciousness positively influence attitude toward buying organic personal care products. The addition of past experiences as a predictor of purchase intention and perceived behavioral control as a moderator of the attitude-purchase intention relationship yielded an improvement on the TPB model. Practical implications – This study suggests that retailers can develop effective marketing strategies emphasizing ecological beauty, product safety, and affordable prices to increase consumers’ intentions to buy organic personal care products. Originality/value – This study provides valuable insight into US consumer behavior regarding organic personal care products by examining the factors that influence consumers’ attitudes toward buying organic personal care...
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...driven supply chains: the case of Dutch organic tomato | Author: F. Anastasiadis, Y.K. van Dam | MKT 625 | | | Introduction Supply chain management refers to the efficient integration of various processes involved in turning resources into consumer products. Effectiveness of the supply chain is more easily understood in terms of Value Chain Management, and the integration of processes that turn resources into consumer value. The current paper reports two studies into the value chain of organic produce in Netherlands. The paper combines two different research approaches to study which consumer motives and values are the main drivers of organic consumption. These motives are centered on hedonic, benevolent, and Universalist values. The study reconfirms earlier findings that health and taste are important motives driving organic food consumption, and that next to this environmental friendliness and naturalness are important drivers. More fundamentally, the consumption value of organic food is strongly related to social and ethical principles and beliefs. By committing it to superior ethical performance the organic supply chain could create a competitive advantage that is not easily copied by competing products. Objectives of the Study The basic objective is to understand consumer product knowledge and motivations with respect to organic products. In other words, this research focuses on the consumers’ beliefs towards organic products and the factors that influence...
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...Mercedes Valdivia Professor Eliza Warren WRTG 391 14 July 2013 Advantages and disadvantages between Organic and conventional food: An annotated bibliography In the last decade the consumption of organic products has been growing steadily, although many consumer buy these products with the idea that they are buying organic because is healthy, but studies show that there is not much difference between nutrients and vitamins between organic food and conventional food. The area were organic has advantage over conventional is over the protection of the environment because organic is grown without the use of fertilizers or pesticides. Many studies and researches had been done in organic growing with most of them with the same result. This annotated bibliography shows some of the studies conducted throughout the world Aschemann-Witzel, J., Maroscheck, N., Hamm, U. (2013). Are organic consumers preferring or avoiding foods with nutrition and health claims? Pg. 68-76. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/90/6/1699.full.pdf+html A realistically designed purchase simulation was conducted using 210 German organic consumers, the study was done to determine whether organic products are purchased for its health benefits, the study used 3 different types of food, each types had five different brands. Apparently a consumer tends to believe that if a product is organic, it must be better. The sample tested was not enough to make a generalization of the German population...
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...The Nutritional Value, Health, and Environmental Implications of Organic Foods QBT1 Research Paper Organic food has grown in popularity over the past 24 years. This is evident in the rapid growth of the organic foods industry, growing by 20% every year since 1990. As of 2005, sales realized within this industry amounted to over 13 billion. The organic food industry is a complex industry that is characterized by fluctuations in consumer preferences which stem from the fact that there is varying scientific information on the safety and benefits of organic foods. Research shows that consumers perceive organic food to be more nutritional, improve general health, and safe for the environment. However, are these general perceptions valid? Do organic foods lead to improved health? And are they truly safe for the environment. Over the past two decades, there has been increasing consumer concern over the health and environmental implications of consuming conventionally grown products and the techniques used by conventional farmers. This largely stems from rigorous consumer awareness programs that have been conducted by a number of environmental groups. Anxiety by consumers over the health and nutritional implications of consuming conventional foods as compared to organic foods led to the increased need for the debate on the environment by marketers of food for consumption by the public masses (Paul & Rana, 2012, p. 412). This increased awareness and anxiety on the part of the...
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...their cost down so they can remain profitable? I will attempt to answer that question in this case study! Stonyfield Farm started out as a small firm trying to make a difference, and inform the public about consuming organic products. The company also strongly believes in keeping every aspect of their company ethical by doing the right thing and informing consumers about the ingredients of the product(Griffin and Moorhead 2010 p.42). Although they started as a small firm, they expanded the company to make a bigger difference. The company donates a portion of the profit to social and environmental causes allowing them to build a relationship with consumers. As the company expands manufacturing they continually seek to improve ways to save money. One method is by using the waste products in creating other tangible products that are sold to make money(Griffin and Moorhead 2010 p.41). By using local purchasing they also save money on transportation costs, mark-up, and hiring additional employees. As the company grows they must keep long-term orientation by using the local organic dairy farmers and keeping their business strong, by focusing on future purchasing and the expansion of organic dairy farmers in the northeast(Griffin and Moorhead 2010 p.32). However, there are several issues that could arise in the future from the merger with their competitor Danone. In the study they state that the company will remain unchanged as long as Hirshberg is the CEO (Griffin and...
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...of Health Consciousness, Food Safety Concern and Ethical Identity on Attitudes and Intentions towards Organic Food Dr Nina Michaelidou University of Birmingham Birmingham Business School University House Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT Phone +441214148318 n.michaelidou@bham.ac.uk Dr. Louise M. Hassan University of Stirling and the Open University Institute for Social Marketing University of Stirling Stirling, FK9 4LA Scotland UK Phone +44 1786 466457 Fax +44 1786 466449 louise.hassan@stir.ac.uk 1 Abstract The paper examines the roles of health consciousness, food safety concern and ethical self identity in predicting attitudes and purchase intention within the context of organic produce. A conceptual model is derived and tested via structural equation modelling. Findings indicate food safety as the most important predictor of attitude while health consciousness appears to be the least important motive in contrast to findings from some previous research. In addition, ethical self identity is found to predict both attitudes and intention to purchase organic produce emphasizing that respondents’ identification with ethical issues affects their attitudes and subsequent consumption choices. Key words: organic foods, health consciousness, food safety, ethical self-identity, structural equation modeling, attitudes and intentions, rural consumers. Background The organic food market has grown substantially over recent years across the globe (Giffort & Bernard 2006; Padel...
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...3shiyas2003@yahoo.co.in 4srinad@gmail.com Abstract--- A landfill is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial and is one of the most common methods of solid waste management in various parts of the world. Significant environmental and economic benefits can be gained by making small changes in the way the landfills are operated. Bioreactor landfill is a promising biotechnological option for faster stabilization of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). It changes the goal of landfilling from the storage of waste to the treatment of waste. In a bioreactor landfill environment, the solid waste actively decomposes rather than being simply buried in a dry tomb. This active decomposition is possible because over half the MSW is comprised of organic material (food, paper, etc.), which will decompose fairly rapidly under the right conditions. Rather than being kept dry, the solid waste is actively moistened by injecting leachate into the landfilled solid waste to accelerate decomposition. The anaerobic conditions in a conventional landfill can be replaced with aerobic conditions by introducing air into the solid waste and thus enhancing the biological process. Studies show that a bioreactor landfill transforms and stabilizes the readily and moderately decomposable organic waste constituents within five to ten years. A bioreactor increases the potential for waste to energy conversion, stores and/or treats leachate, recovers air space, and ensures sustainability. Sustainability has the greatest...
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...genetically modified items. Alison Van Eenennaam, PhD, states that our stomach digests DNA with the rest of our food, and that DNA has always been part of our diet (Siegel). This proves that GMOs are safe to consume because it is something the human body has always done. Furthermore, a study from the American Medical Association shows that “in almost 20 years, no clear impacts on human health have been reported or confirmed in professional journals” (Siegel). This shows that by consuming GMOs, human health is not being compromised. Also, it is important to keep in mind that the producers of these crops are also consumers. Farmers would not want to eat something that is harmful to their body, just like everyone else. Genetically modified organisms have a positive effect on society because they are safe to...
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...Saudi Arabia e-mail: rdc@swcc.gov.sa ABSTRACT Photocatalysis process, as an environmental application is a relatively novel subject with tremendous potential in the near future. This paper describes the basics of heterogeneous photocatalysis, mainly on TiO2 and the application of photocatalytic processes to water purification and treatment. The paper also reviews more than 50 references covering the wide scale of heterogeneous water phase applications. Finally, a short review of more interesting practical application of photocatalysis for the removal of natural organic matter from seawater is presented. 1. INTRODUCTION Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a rapidly expanding technology for water and air treatment. It can be defined as the acceleration of photoreaction in the presence of a catalyst. The initial interest in the heterogeneous photocatalysis was started when Fujishima and Honda discovered in 1972 the photochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen with TiO2 [18]. From this date extensive work has been carried out to produce hydrogen from water by this novel oxidation reduction reaction using a variety of semiconductors. In recent years interest has been focused on the use of semiconductor materials as photocatalysts for the removal of organic and inorganic species from aqueous or gas phase. This method has been suggested in environmental protection due to its ability to oxidise the organic and inorganic substrates [17]. In heterogeneous photocatalysis two or more...
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...The rise in consumer awareness for natural and organic products, an increased inclination of new product testing and rising disposable incomes have largely contributed to an overwhelming increase in the organic beauty products and cosmetics. However, this does not fully justify as to 1) why the consumers buy organic cosmetics, 2) where do they buy and 3) how they come to the decision to test, buy and continue to buy these products. Perhaps an answer can be found by raising several questions: a) How much is the market for organic cosmetics? b) Where is this market? c )Is it increasing in numbers or decreasing in numbers? d) Do the rising inflation, current depressed economic situation and rapid levels of technological enhancement has an effect on the growth and development of this market for organic cosmetics? e) What lies behind the motivation to buy these products? f) How are the attitudes and behaviour changing towards organic cosmetics? An investigation in to the size of the organic cosmetics market, does not give a clear picture though broad individual countries trends are available (see, Hennessey 2007, Armstrong 2009) and very limited published data for this industry sector. Mathew Hennessey (2007) in the article “Organic Cosmetics Break Out” raises a very vital issue by asking, “Is the makeup counter poised to go green? May be. What's certain is the global cosmetics industry is enjoying an unprecedented boom and the organic market is the next frontier. ” Hennessey wrote...
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...Journal of Advertising, 43(1), 18–32 Copyright C 2014, American Academy of Advertising ISSN: 0091-3367 print / 1557-7805 online DOI: 10.1080/00913367.2013.799450 “I Eat Organic for My Benefit and Yours”: Egoistic and Altruistic Considerations for Purchasing Organic Food and Their Implications for Advertising Strategists Ioannis Kareklas Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA Jeffrey R. Carlson University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA Darrel D. Muehling Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 80% of survey respondents (marketers) indicated they expected to increase the amount of money their firms spend on green marketing efforts in the future. While organic food is the fastest growing food sector in the United States (Dettmann and Dimitri 2010), few studies to date have examined the factors that influence consumers’ purchase considerations, with the vast majority of studies being conducted in Europe and Asia. Furthermore, much of this research has been primarily descriptive in nature and lacking a theoretical base. The exponential growth in the organic food market in recent years and its concomitant effects on companies’ competitive efforts necessitates that advertisers fully exploit their knowledge of what drives organic consumption (Organic Trade Association 2011). With increased expenditures, theoretically derived strategic approaches to reach green consumers are likely to become even more important, as recent...
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...Organic Produce is a Choice Organic Produce is a Choice Imagining a world where there are no chemicals used on the food we eat, making them less harmful to the body and better for the environment that this generation wants to be protected for future generations is hard; therefore most people do not even try; however, if the public were more aware of the benefits of organic produce vs. conventionally grown produce, maybe they will want to make an impact on the environment sooner than later; for later could be too late. Though the health benefits are minimal (Baker, Benbrook, Groth, & Benbrook, 2002), the environmental effects can be limitless, and there is nothing better than getting the full flavor of one’s produce while knowing where it came from, how it was processed, and they are getting nutrients from their produce, not chemical residue or wax (“whfoods.org”, 2013.). Just one of these benefits is enough to make one eat organic, so considering them all, the price should be worth it; like the saying you get what you pay for. Would it not be nice eating food that will not only have health benefits, but also taste better while knowing that with each bite taken, it is playing a part in preserving the environment for future generations? Maybe people do not try organic produce for fear of change, lack of availability, it is too “pricey”, or they are just unaware. Even though organic produce is so similar some cannot tell them apart by eye, they really are very different...
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...While Farming has been Around for Centuries Anita M. Ebbinghausen DeVry University Introduction While farming has been around for centuries, the way farmers, farm has been up for debate for many decades. There have been several studies on the Industrial agricultural and equal studies about organic agriculture. According to Best, (2007) “the question as to why humans behave toward the environment is an environmentally friendly or degrading manner has been discussed in the sociological literature for more than 30 years.” (p. 451). Farmers are unable to produce their product and their land has been standing uncultivated in order to reduce the surplus of production. The long-standing concern about the social and environmental sustainability of industrial agriculture has been added to the rising question from dependency on cheap energy derived from fossil fuel. The United States is currently dependent on Industrial Agriculture, switching to Organic Agriculture will benefit the economy and help the environment. Industrial Agriculture Although the United States is currently dependent on industrial agriculture it was somewhat prosperous in accomplishing the goals of maximizing market based production and furnishing brief economic returns, it overlooked many of the unintended negative consequences. The most important recant consequence was the soil and water degradation and the loss of the farmer and the robust rural communities (Kirschenmann, 2009). It compromises...
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