...Native American Culture Native American Culture America has always been described as one of the richest cultural regions. If you look at the American culture now, you will find that it has a really huge variety and diversity. And so if you study the history of America, you will find the same thing. America passed through multicultural stages until it reached what it is now. In this essay I will talk about the indigenous people in North America, which called Native American, or sometimes American Indians. First of all, I’m going to talk a little about some facts in the history of Native American people. The Native people were first who lived in this land “America” “They had lived in the land many, many years before white man set foot on their soil”(1). As any other cultures there are prosperity periods and another tragic periods. The period from the 16th through the 19th centuries was a tragic period for Native American. The population of Native American people was declining considerably in that period because of many reasons. The most harmful cause of this decrease in population was the epidemic disease that brought from Europe. An interesting piece of information is that the Native Americans were named “Indian” mistakenly! You would ask how is that? That accidentally happened when Christopher Columbus mistakenly believed that he landed in India. One of the most important aspects in the Native American people culture is their rituals and beliefs. Native American...
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...Native Americans were there first they were the ones who overtime had mastered techniques of farming, hunting, and fishing, developed structures of political power and religious belief, and were a part of far-reaching networks of trade and communication. They learned to live off of the land and became efficient in learning to provide food and shelter for themselves. I believe they felt entitled because of them being there first and doing all the work having established a way of life that worked for them. Indians families did not own land they were allowed to use it for seasons, but no actual ownership took place. When the English settlers came and tried taking over the Indians felt threatened, mostly for the worry of their way of life being affected. They saw the English as ruining what they had already established....
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...left-side column for the five groups named. Native Americans Northern Colonists Mid-Atlantic Colonists Southern Colonists West Africans Economic Structure Hunters, fishing and whaling Shipping and trading Wheat and other cash crops. Rice and tobacco agricultural Political Structure Elders and Chieftains Democrat Republican/Democrat Republican Tribe Leaders/Council Social System Hunter/Gatherer Very Bible Orientated Very Bible Orientated Very Bible Orientated Hunter/Gatherer Cultural Values Help each other to live, learn and grow. Obey the law, your parents and your elders. Obey the law, your parents and your elders. Obey the law, your parents and your elders. Help each other to live, learn and grow. Religion Polytheistic Monotheistic Monotheistic Christian-based religious beliefs Monotheistic Christian-based religious beliefs Polytheistic Write a 350-word essay in which you examine one of the following topics about how the groups clashed: • Pilgrims and Native Americans in Massachusetts • The kidnapping of colonists by Native Americans • Pequot War • Jamestown’s relationships with Native Americans • The differences between indentured servants and slaves • Racial issues in the 17th century • The Deerfield Massacre • The early anti-slavery movement • The enslavement of Native Americans • Biological crossover, with a focus on disease Cite at least two references. Format your essay consistent with APA guidelines. The differences...
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...Associate Level Material Appendix A Clash of Cultures Complete the grid by describing the characteristics listed in the left-side column for the five groups named. | |Native Americans |Northern Colonists |Mid-Atlantic Colonists |Southern Colonists |West Africans | |Political Structure|Every village had their own chief.|Handenosaunee Confederation. |People came together for decisions|Hierarchical Political |The kingdom of Guana ruled all of | | |The elders were also someone the |Believed in keeping the peace no |and they elected one person over |Organization- one person ruled |West Africa | | |village could come to for advice. |matter what |the colony. Like we elect a |everyone | | | | | |president today. | | | |Social System |The elders were the most |There were many Small villages, |Wealthy famers or urban merchants |Wealthy Planter were the highest |Wealthy and poor | | |respected, Warriors were the ones |one person would be over many of | |though of...
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...Alexandra Ortiz English 120 Professor DiFranco Essay #2 Sacramento Both Ernesto Galarza’s “Barrio Boy” and Joan Didion’s “Notes From a Native Daughter” write about Sacramento’s past. Both authors talk about Sacramento during two different time periods. Joan Didion talks about the mid-century and Ernesto Galarza talks about the early 20th century. Although both author’s perspective of Sacramento differs from era to era, there are differences in certain characteristics described by both authors. Galarza’s essay focuses on an immigrant point of view arriving into Sacramento versus Didion’s experiences as a native decedent of Sacramento. Joan Didion’s Sacramento is a very different place compared to Ernesto Galarza’s , for him it’s an immigrant place where Mexican, Yugoslavs, Chinese and many other different cultures come together to make one home. For Joan Didion, Sacramento is a place that with the pas of time and the changes that has come with time, have forced memories to be lost and most importantly identities. Didion highlights the true nature of Californian lifestyle and how with its gradual disappearance more than the past is being lost, but a new generation is also losing an understanding of its true roots, its true history and as a result a loss of knowledge. The loss of knowledge is equivalent to the loss of identity because if one doesn’t know where they came from how one can truly know who they are. Didion talks about her own experiences as a child in Sacramento...
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...Bad Sugar This essay will discuss the health factors that I felt influenced the Tohono O’odham and Achimel O’odham (Pima) tribes in the documentary, “ Bad Sugar.” The health factors that I will be discussing are geographic challenges and socioeconomic factors. Geographic factors The Tohono O’odham and Achimel O’odham (Pima) tribes settled in Southwestern Arizona where the Gila River streamed through their land as a primary source of water for the tribe and their farmlands that provided them with natural unprocessed foods. The geographical conditions of the Tohono O’odham and Achimel O’odham (Pima) tribes seemed ideal at the time. They had access to The Gila River, ability to grow natural foods and plenty of land; but their location quickly...
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...Early European Perceptions of Native American Initial European perceptions of Native Americans viewed them as uncivilized savages who, with time and effort, could be educated and assimilated into European culture. Christopher Columbus reported his opinion of the Indians in the following manner: “They should be good servants and of quick intelligence, since I see that they very soon say all that is said to them, and I believe that they would easily be made Christians, for it appears to me that they had no creed. Our Lord willing, at the time of my departure, I will bring back six of them to your Highness that they may learn to talk (Hurtado 46)”. This passage shows that Columbus believed the Indians intelligent and would be easily converted to European ways, but did not think them equal to Europeans. Columbus demonstrates his ethnocentricity by disregarding Native American religious beliefs, and by assuming that because they did not speak a European language they could not "talk." Europeans viewed the Indians as having inferior cultural practices such as their laws, government, economics, and mode of living, religion, property ownership, and education/writing. However, the Europeans believed that these cultural traits of the Native Americans could with little difficulty be changed to resemble European cultures. In 1620, the first college for Native Americans was established to educate Indians in European ways, and in 1640, Harvard opened a college for Indians. This proves that...
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...Reconstruction and the West After the Civil War in the south, the south met many new challenges. The south needed to reinvent its economic, political and cultural environment. In November 1868 Ulysses S. Grant was elected president. Grant would not have won the election without the votes of former slaves who were given the right to vote post- Civil War. Congress passed the 14th and 15th Amendments to protect the rights of all people if born a naturalized citizen to have equal protection of the laws, and the freedom to vote regardless of race in the United States. Congress Reconstruction plan dramatically changed politics in the south (Reconstruction, 2013). Congress provided many programs, such as social services for the people of the south. They opened hospitals, schools, and assisted with the railroad expansion, allowing Blacks to take part in these government programs. The government also improved the lights and telephones systems also the sewer systems. Many industrial jobs became available in the south. Textile, iron, steel, southern coal, oil, and timber industry are just some of the industrial jobs created for the south to assist with reconstruction efforts. The government created new programs in the south the only problem...
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...Federalists? People who supported a strong central government therefore they were the ones who also favored the constitution. What was America’s first constitution? Articles of Confederation What happens in a depression? The economy goes down and most people are jobless. What were the Federalist Papers? An 85 page essay, trying to get New York to ratify the Constitution What is the most distinctive feature of the US Government? Separation of Powers The president can check congress through what? Veto What was the most important crop in Jamestown? Tabaco What is pacifist? A person who believes that violence and war is unjustifiable Why were separatists called pilgrims? They were the separatists in England and Pilgrims in the colonies. What type of relationship did the French have with the Native Americans? The strongest of anyone else How were the Indians paid for the island of Manhattan? $24 of beads and trinkets New England practiced what type of farming? Subsistence farming What is a militia? Non-Professional Army How did Pontiac view British settlers? He didn’t like them, he thought they threatened the Native American way of life Who worked the southern rice fields? Slaves Where are backcountry farms found?...
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...Border Citizens It is easy to characterize the history of the American West from 1865 to 1912 after reading Eric Meek’s “Border Citizens: The Making of Indians, Mexicans, and Anglos in Arizona.” In the first chapter, Meek mentions how ‘hundreds of Americans moved into the territory to improve their fortunes” (15). The United States changed dramatically from 1865 to 1912. The Southwest went through many changes as well during these times. Many changes occurred in industrialization, foreign affairs, government, as well as in society and culture. The events that took place within this time period helped shape this country into what it is today. It affected Native Americans in many ways; some beneficial, some not so much. In the first half of Eric Meek’s Border Citizens, he writes about the ethnic heterogeneity in Arizona between 1850 and 1920. He discusses agriculture, its mechanization, and the growth of several industries in the state, including mining. During the 1830s and 1840s about 100,000 Natives were moved west. The tragic “Trail of Tears” was part of this era, and so were the first western Native American reservations. The continued westward movement frustrated the attempts of U.S. policy makers to achieve a peaceful solution to the Native American problem. When many of these removed tribes signed military pledges of support for the Confederacy during the Civil War, further excuses for taking their land were now available for the many voices of Manifest Destiny...
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...Thinking Piece: Looking Out For Number One I believe what Breen is trying to say in his essay is that the Englishmen that came to Virginia were very different from the settlers of other colonies and they had a much different society develop than what was typical in the other colonies. They were a highly individualistic society.Breen believes that the personalities of those who came to Virginia were, in part what caused Virginia's society to become so individualistic. Being so individualistic didn't exactly work outso well for the structure of society or the well being of the colonists Breen says that the first people to come to Virginia were “in no way a random sample of seventeenth-century English society” (23). Here he's trying to say that the people of Virginia donot reflect the same ideals and values of England. Most of the people that came to Virginia werefresh out of the wars in Ireland or were roughnecks or sea captains looking to get rich quick in Virginia. Breen describes the colonists that came to Jamestown as tough, individualistic, and willing to exploit people and resources (24). The people of Virginia were willing to do whatever it took to make a quick buck. They exploited the land for tobacco and exploited the use of indentured servants and later slavery to do their work for them. The people that colonized Virginia did not live close together like inhabitants of most other colonies. This was as Breen put it a “cultural phenomena” (25). I think he means that...
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...HIUS 221 Exam 3 Review Sheet: This exam will be a combination of multiple choice, true or false, and matching questions. There will also be a couple of essay questions. For best results in preparing for the upcoming exam, focus your studies on the following historical items, events and individuals. Your textbook may help with some of the things listed, but this exam is more so drawn from class lectures and power point presentations. Embargo of 1807-Britian and France imposed trade restriction in order to weaken each other’s economies. Resulting in testing the Americas Neutrality and hurting their trading. Jefferson passed this document restricting neutral trade to the U.S. docs Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists (1780). Stronger central government, state representation from states each 2 representatives, no Bill of Rights, Articles of Confederation useless, because states had more power, wanted larger public, and they believed in large farming and industrialization,.. antif federalist, wanted state rights, wanted add the House of Represeantives, Bill of Rights, they thought the aritcles needed to be ratified not taken away completely, smaller public, believed Americas future is small farming Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans (1790s) – Hamiltonians (known as federalist party) vs. the Jeffersonians (Democratic Party) Differences between Federalist stances (1780s) vs. Federalist Party stances (1790s)- Federalist of 1780-Stronger central government, state representation...
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...civilized Native tribes, away from their traditional lands and forced migration to new Indian ground which was west of the Mississippi River. These tribes were the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and the Seminoles. When Andrew Jackson was elected president in the year 1828, the Natives soon became a part of the next racial targeting. President Andrew Jackson encouraged the expulsion; the Congress authorized this removal policy set by the president in 1830. The Indian Removal Act was passed on May 28, 1830; they were involuntarily removed from their homes and forced to move west. The Indian Removal Act was defined as swapping the U.S. western area for the...
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...arrival of European explorers and colonies. Was this interaction more harmful or beneficial to both Europeans and Native Americans? The cultural interactions between the Europeans and the Native Americans were ultimately destructive for the natives, but overall beneficial for the Europeans. It is clearly stated in many history books that the European diseases brought over to the Americas decimated much of the native population. This dramatic loss of population affected the natives willingness to resist European assimilation, and thus contributed to the loss of many native cultures but a blending of European and native cultures. Furthermore, the natives were often...
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...being domestic rather than being a foraging society. Later the Spanish came and they learned more about trading and working with foreign cultures. They thrived in to large tribes in the 1700’s to the late 1800’s. But change was to come as the Europeans came to North America. The Indians were not treated with much respect and they were forced to live on reservations. After many hard years the Navajo have come to be the largest Indian tribe in North America. They are still very traditional but have modernized in some ways. They have learned how to develop their culture to endure over time. With tourism and many other ways to make money they have become more self-sufficient. Primary mode of subsistence They were a Pastoral society that used farming and herding for the primary mode of subsistence. As the Navajo raided Pueblo villages they acquired there techniques for survival. Eventually they...
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