...needs programs or reduce the deficit. Revenue from alcohol and tobacco continues to be of more importance these days as our economy tries to overcome budget deficits. A 2008 report of the Congressional Budget Office estimated that increasing and reforming federal alcohol taxes could generate more than $28 billion in new revenue over five years. Alcohol and tobacco imposes enormous cost on society an according to the latest government estimates some $185 billion per year. Alcohol and tobacco should be taxed because health care imposes an enormous cost on society. This is associated with the underage use of alcohol and tobacco, traffic crash fatalities, certain crimes and alcohol related health problems. The author (Green, R. (2011) uses a public health nursing model, the Public Health Code of Ethics (Public Health Leadership Society, 2002), the American Nurses' Association (ANA) Code of Ethics (2001), and other relevant ethical theory to weigh and balance the arguments for and against the use of sin taxes. Some say that an increase in “sin taxes” will increase health care costs, but the government will take a greater role in regulating health care expenses. A primary argument against sin taxes is based on ethical considerations: the claim that such taxes are unfair, discriminatory, and a threat to freedom by a nanny state seeking to impose its values on a recalcitrant segment of the public. Dorsey, R. (2010) This would drastically affect all consumers /businesses and put a major...
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...contact, including words or acts that create in another person a reasonable apprehension of harmful contact. The completion of the act that caused the apprehension, if it results in harm to the plaintiff, is a battery. If the mechanics had thrown Gerrit off the property, ABC would not be guilty of assault and battery because Gerrit doesn't get injury and create a reasonable apprehension of harmful contact. 12-8. A Question of Ethics: Dram Shop Acts. (a) The principles discussed in this chapter is negligent which occurs when someone suffers injury because of another's failure to live up to a required duty of care. I In favor of, According to Dram Shop Acts, under which a tavern owner or bartender may be held liable for injuries caused by a person who became intoxicated while drinking at the bar or who was already intoxicated when served by the bartender. Social hosts have the ability to take care of their guests and they should not allow the children to drink alcoholic. Also, other guests should not allow the Parks to drive after drinking. Against, The social hosts also neither wishes to...
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...Philosophy 03/11/12 Drinking I have made many big decisions in my life, but one of my biggest ones is the choice not to drink. Many people take the chance and get their scholarships ripped up or even they could possibly get caught behind the wheel of a car and get charged for the zero tolerance law for people drinking under the age of twenty-one and possibly serve time in jail. Underage drinking is not worth the risk of getting caught. Overall, I am not going to start drinking before the age of twenty-one because there are way to many risks involved that can jeopardize my future and I honestly don’t think that it is worth it. The ethical egoism of my choice is so that I would not be charged with underage drinking charges because that will stick with me for the rest of my life. It would be hard to convince my children not to drink until they are twenty-one because I would not be able to set an example if I did not follow what I was saying. Another reason I do not drink is because of the lifetime risk. Around five thousand people under the age of twenty-one die due to motor vehicle accidents, suicide, and also falls, burns, and drowning all because they had too much to drink and could not control or think through what they were doing completely. Another dangerous effect of me drinking at my age is that my brain is not yet fully developed, so it could affect my brain from developing fully. Other affects that drinking has on a person at a young age is liver problems and may...
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...Underage drinking is an acute problem to most societies in the world. Today, teenage drinking has become a norm among young people, who in several occasions tend comply with this antisocial culture. The question is, “what is the general cause to this severe trend?”. It is unfortunate that a child, as young as 11 years is indulged to heavy drinking. The aftermath effects of such indulgence are so severe to the social and ethical set up of the society. Based on empirical research analysis, most children who engage in heavy abuse of drugs tend to be irresponsible in their social life. In addition, the menace risk subjecting the society to other forms consequences (Howard, 2010). Teenage drinking is a real problem to most societies, and necessary measures must be applied to contain its high prevalence. Consequences of teenage drinking are so instantaneous to the society, more so to the families where such children resides, and this promotes swifter actions by caregivers. Literature Review Underage drinking has attained lethal dose in most American societies, and this raises the eyebrows on the American social institutions. There are numerous research elements that have been conducted among young children, which significantly reveal to the onset of this vice. American society is the powerhouse to many antisocial behaviors among teenagers. Irresponsible act of teenage drinking has sunken the social behaviors of young people, who later become inactive citizens. Teenage drinking...
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...Janet Wu BUS 424 10/14/2014 Should Underage Drinking be allowed for Educational Purposes? Governor Brown recently passed the Assembly Bill No.1989; otherwise known as the “Sip-and-Spit” bill. This law will take effect on January 1, 2015 allows college students between the ages of 18 and 21 who are enrolled in a wine-making or beer-brewing course to be able to drink alcohol and spit it out afterwards. There is existing law that forbids a person under 21 years old to have alcohol but this law would exempt specific students within California’s public institutions who are enrolled in a viticulture or enology program to fully experience what they have made as part of their curriculum. The main concern opposing this bill is that minors under 21 are not allowed to consume alcohol and by allowing students to do so at an earlier age may encourage underage drinking. Despite the concerns, this law received wide recognition among supporters such as the California Association of Winegrape Growers, California Craft Brewers Association, Family Winemakers of California, University of California and California State University. This bill has also been approved by the faculty in California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo to align with our motto of “Learn by Doing”. Cal Poly and UC Davis are major supporters behind this law simply because of this will allow students to have the same educational opportunities as students from others states (that exempt students from the...
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...BUSINESS ETHICS ------------------------------------------------- Anheuser-Busch ------------------------------------------------- Corporate Social Responsibility in marketing and advertising ABSTRACT The area of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a constantly evolving field with direct impact on an organizations strategies and success, and it has become an important part of how the beer making industry promotes and advertises itself. Current portrayals of corporate social responsibility in the beer making industry are misleading and do not show the true nature of these practices. Relatively little research has been conducted on how the beer making industry promotes corporate social responsibility in their attempt to promote and facilitate other business interests. This case study will attempt to investigate the beer making industry’s recent corporate social responsibility endeavors and engagements and explain how they run in concurrence or adjacent to the industry’s political and corporate strategies. Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc. is an American brewing company and a wholly owned subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev). The company operates 13 breweries in the United States and became the largest brewer in the United States in 1957. They also currently have four of the top ten selling beers and rank as one of the top five consumer products companies in the world. Anheuser-Busch International, Inc. was established in 1981 as a subsidiary responsible...
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...with Top Competitor 12-13 Analysis 13 Recommendation 14 Works Cited 15 Executive Summary As the leading distributor of alcoholic beverages in the world we have built our foundation with our commitment to being an effective, responsible, and productive corporation. Due to the nature of our business, our company must adhere to a number of laws and regulations that at times are restrictive to the business aspect of our corporation. In order to continue to make strides towards bettering ourselves we need to continue being socially responsible, in particular push our “Responsibility Matters” campaign. The opportunities for consumers to engage in drunk driving, underage drinking, and binge drinking on university campuses have historically been a major concern for all alcohol distributors. Our corporation has committed to educating our...
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...reports and problems being encountered by the society today due to the use of Alcohol, and these problems are specifically relating to alcohol consumption by young adults. Nevertheless, Castilla et al. (1999) in their study suggests that overall consumption of alcohol may be going down but the problem of excessive consumption of alcohol among young adolescents is increasingly taking place in the society. The promotion of alcohol by its manufacturers and retailers is an important factor as irresponsible drinking among young people makes its way towards anti-social behaviour and health problems. Considering alcohol manufacturing and distribution for retailers being a big business all over the world, it is essential for companies to stay ahead between the competition using innovative marketing strategies and campaigns. “There is an ongoing debate regarding the relationship between advertising and alcohol consumption and, importantly, the influence of this advertising on harmful drinking patterns” (Roche, Steenson and Andrew, 2012). The work done in this report contains the connection of ideas presented by authors who already have completed their research on this topic. The main purpose of this paper is to study the patterns used by retailers to intentionally promote alcohol to young adults considering...
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...Case study analysis CASE METHOD EXERCISE: ABERCROMBIE & FITCH (by Meg Connolly, in Marketing Ethics: Cases and Readings (2006), edited by Patrick E. Murphy and Gene R. Laczniak) Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) of today differs dramatically from the original waterfront shop in New York that carried high-quality clothing suitable for camping, fishing and hunting. The A&F of 2002 can be found in virtually any major mall in America, and its target market includes preteen and teenagers. Indeed, the shift has been rather dramatic, and it could certainly be asserted that the direction A&F has recently headed strays substantially from the original vision of its founders. The style of clothes offered by A&F could be described as worn, casual, and rather rugged. Some critics contend the merchandise at A&F is seemingly overpriced considering that it is arguably no more unique than any other store of its kind geared toward the same market. One aspect of A&F that does make it unique from other stores, however, is their catalogue that was first published in 1997 and comes out four times a year with a spring break, summer, back-to-school, and Christmas issue. The Quarterly is a magazine-hybrid that, in addition to the clothing portion of the catalogue, has interviews with actors, musicians, directors and even some famous scholars. Fashion legend Bruce Weber does many of the photographs that appear throughout the magazine, and “these photos depict young, healthy, presumably red-blooded...
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...When reality TV gets too real (summary) In the article ''When reality TV gets too real'' Jeremy W. Peters debates about the dark side of reality TV shows and their frequent ethical pitfalls involving dangerous situations. When we watch reality shows, we are more than often exposed to the bad side of an individual’s reality. In order to increase ratings, we are seeing much more crime committed by the contestants of the TV shows such as drinking and driving, underage drinking, as well as dangerous working conditions for children aged 815 years old. Although risky behaviour seen on TV shows have proved to have consequences in later life for the contestants (suicide, disturbance and trauma), It has not stopped TV producers in showcasing similar dangerous behaviour even after production houses were faced with lawsuits. Their explanation is that contestants would live such lives regardless of cameras being on, and the law in the USA does not require anyone to step in and try to save someone’s life if they are in danger. It seems as if viewer ratings are their priority rather than the person’s well-being. In attempt for more money and ratings, bad behaviour is rewarded and ultimately defined as “good TV”. In ‘When Reality TV Gets Too Real’, it is argued that producers create dangerous or traumatic situations, merely because they are legally allowed to and seek higher ratings. On rare occasions producers have been known to draw the line in order to stop some situations...
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...woman in the poster and your life is perfect, fueling the fire of materialism. (1) Advertising Does Not Promote Materialistic Values Although some people would agree advertising promotes materialistic values, others would say all the commotion over advertising is because of the social aspect. (2) Throughout advertising history, a focus has been given to selling products with a promise of social acceptance, because not being accepted socially is a major individual fear for most people. (3) For example, Axe body spray ads. These advertisements insinuate the social acceptance from women to men. If a guy uses this body spray, women will want to be around him. 2. Advertising Contributes to Socially Unacceptable Behavior (sex, drinking, disrespect) In my opinion advertising may have a small impact on unacceptable behavior, especially for...
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...Community Health Advocacy Project: Teenage Substance Abuse NUR 544 October 1, 2012 Community Health Advocacy Project: Teenage Substance Abuse The aggregates teenagers/ adolescent and substance abuse the prevalence of alcohol use among teens mixing the effects of alcohol shifts teenagers toward risky and violent behaviors. Alcohol and any substance can cause impaired judgment and slow reaction time which provides more of a detailed explanation on why major factors have teen motor vehicles crashers, homocides, suicides, and drowning’s include some type of substance. Substance abuse among teenagers has been linked to early sexual intercourse, date and acquaintance rapes, unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, fights and community property damage (Nissen, L. (2007). To understand the community’s perspective of the health status, the services used or required, and concerns. Data collection is needed directly from the aggregate, which can be more insightful and accurate. The survey tool that is specifically created for the teenage aggregate population contains demographics data to help the researchers to determine if there is a gap in services that are needed. The tool created would be used in focus groups according to Nies and McEwen (2011), “these can be very effective in gathering community views, particularly for remote and vulnerable segments of a community and for those with underdeveloped opinions. Focus groups can produce greater interaction and expression...
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...Business Ethics UGB 210 |Content |Page number | |Executive Summary |3 | |Introduction |4 | |Main Ethical Dilemmas |5 - 7 | |Dealing with Ethical Issues |8 - 10 | |Walmart ASDA Best Practice |11- 12 | |Recommendations and conclusion |13 | |Reference |14 | Executive Summary This report will outline the ethical challenges faced by Walmart Asda. It will include the previous accusations made against the company and a list of the main ethical dilemmas. The report will then develop into covering the elements that ASDA are implementing in order to overcome its main...
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...Markel Stavro Seema Kurup English 101 W01 October 8, 2014 Advertising towards children should be banned A child has a vulnerable mind. He is attempting to understand how the world works, and constantly absorbing all kinds of impressions by scanning the environment he lives in. Television advertisements are very stimulating to adults, let alone to a child that lacks the knowledge of knowing whether an advertisement message is good or bad for his wellbeing. I believe that there should be a restriction on television advertisements aimed at children because they have immature minds and are easily influenced. Nowadays, children spend most of their time in front of TV screens and as a consequence, allowing TV to manipulate their minds to a great extent. It alters their way of thinking. Children’s mind is not mature enough to differentiate what is right and wrong. For that reason, they majorly rely on the feedback they receive from their parents and school. They are told in school or by their parents that something is not good for their health or dangerous but on TV there are advertisements going on that say those acts or things are completely fine and they should be followed. Eventually, kids will develop a bad mindset of how happiness is achieved. They will grow up with the delusion that they will get fulfillment from objects, however, the reality is that materialistic products will only briefly satisfy them. This leads...
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...Theory and the Social Control Theory. Social control theory elaborates further into why people commit criminal behavior, than the Labeling Theory when expounding on underage drug use. In most cases criminals have been explained by the control variables of Hirschi's social control theory. Essential tools in shaping most people's characteristics, is their upbringing and societal influences. One of the biggest influences upon people is society, family, and their peers. Personally I do not believe that crime comes from a certain individual acting alone because truly society has an impact on...
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