...According to Albl, he defines Scriptural as “writings” from the Latin word scripto, to write”. In religious traditions however, the word means holy writings or authoritative (199). Align with Hermeneutics it is the reflection and interpretation of the scripture. Its is the studies of questions and concerns of the scripture. For example, who are the authors of the book? Were mistakes made as books where copied and passed down for years? (60). In addition, it’s how these concepts and views about the scripture and it’s content is view and understood by society, especially those individuals who actively read the word. The significance of this concept to Ricoeur’s thought, is how can such old concepts and teachings still be relevant to individuals in today’s world. He gives an example about a man wanting questions about current world events, in turn, he is suggested to go to the bible and read Genesis. Ricoeur depicts this situation and suggests one must change the approach first. Furthermore, Ricoeur suggest one can still have a connection with the word but it is in an INDIRECT format. The person first needs to go through a process. This is because times and individuals have change. Individual’s mindsets are different and tend to process views in different format. This is evident in today’s world. Topics as in moral values, culture understanding, and worldview keep transcending and evolving. He states the person needs and can accept the traditional text, but first needs to...
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...Reaction Paper #1 Cryptic is defined as having a hidden meaning, and as I have quickly learned, philosophy is a very mystifying subject and is open to a wide variety of interpretation. Due to this obscurity, each person will have a different view on philosophy and will likely have changing opinions and views as they continue on their path. Heidegger describes this path as one of responding to life. More specifically, “responding to the voice of Logos which he defines as the Being of all beings, One, One which is all, Life.” As previously stated, this is a very cryptic definition that takes much deeper thought than simply reading off the page. Despite being cryptic, this vague definition gives a strong guideline to the basic idea of philosophy while still giving the reader an opportunity to interpret the definition in their own way. This definition shines light on both the basic idea of philosophy while also showing that everyone will interpret philosophy in their own way. By saying that philosophy is the One which is all, it shows that each individual person makes up a greater being which is Life. Each individual person provides their own interpretation based on their own lifestyle and past. Therefore, philosophy is the sum of all lives that can only be defined with the sum of everybody’s views and opinions. With this is mind, philosophy will be ever changing as people grow older and more people are brought into the world. What is most important about this definition...
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...Danny Ambalu 06/04/12 Interpreting the Un-Interpretable In Poulet’s A Phenomenology of Reading, he asserts that in a sense the reader, by reading and thinking about a text, creates the text. When the reader reads a text, his consciousness unites with the consciousness of the author, and their ideas combine and transform the text from a “dead object”, or objective words on a page, into a living, dynamic work. In other words, Poulet gives the reader license to provide his own reasonable interpretation of a text, because the reader is the author’s partner in creating the text. This is especially true with regards to John Ashbery’s “Farm Implements and Rutabagas in a Landscape”, where a straightforward explanation of the poem is almost impossible. Therefore, in accordance with Poulet’s literary theory, I would like to unite my consciousness with Ashbery’s and provide my own interpretation of the poem: the poem is not meant to be understood. Upon reading the poem, the reader is immediately confronted with numerous questions. Who is sending the messages in the first and third stanzas? What do they mean? What is all the scratching about? Why is Swee’pea sad? Why is Popeye shooting green thunderbolts, and what is he laughing about at the end of the poem? These are merely questions about the plot of the poem, but there are also several technical questions. For example, in line 23 the thunder is described as loving. Since when does thunder have emotions? These are some...
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...Narratives What are narratives? These are stories of past events with a moral told to give some positive direction of the reader. All narratives are made up of three basic components. These three basic parts of a narrative are the characters, the plot, and the plot resolution (Granted that most narratives are addressing a conflict or tension of some sort). In Bible narratives God is always the overall focus and hero of these stories. He is the protagonist, Satin is the antagonist, and God’s people are the agonist. Over the years it’s been observed that Christians have read and interpreted Old Testament narratives very poorly. This overall abysmal interpretation of Old Testament narratives and the Old Testament in general has resulted in a lack of comprehension of very important messages of the narrator. Some reasons for the problematic interpretation of Old Testament narratives are allegorizing, decontextualizing, selectivity, and moralizing “Allegorizing is concentrating on the clear meaning of the narrative, people relegate the text to merely reflecting another meaning beyond the text.” (Fee & Stuart, 2003, page 103). Decontextualizing is ignoring the full historical and literary context, and often the individual narrative, people concentrate on small units only and thus miss interpretational clues. If you take things out of context enough, you can make almost any part of Scripture say anything you want it to. Selectivity is cherry picking your choice of words...
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...Communication deals with the way we transfer messages or news to one another. Interpretation, or the way one depicts info, goes along with communication. How the sender expects the receiver to interpret the information and how the receiver actually interprets the information can be different. Misinterpretation can come from ineffective tone, diction, or even punctuation. A user of the popular social media app, instagram, posted a post on the interpretation of a sentence, “A woman without her man is nothing”. The post then goes to explain how males and females interpret the sentence. Males interpret the sentence, as “A woman, without her man, is nothing” simply meaning that woman are incompatible without a man. However the females interpreted the same information to mean that a man is nothing without woman, “ A woman: without her, man is nothing”. Same sentence but with two completely opposite meanings just from punctuation. This one example shows how inadequate punctuation can alter communication. However this problem can be solved simply by one easy step. One must always remember to double-check any written information. Another person can also go over the written message or information to see if their interpretation matches with the initial planned interpretation the sender tried to achieve. This is a very important topic because it can relate to anyone’s career of choice. Miscommunication can determine action of ones employment. It can also be used on any and every project...
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...6. A hermeneutic analysis of the Denver International Airport Baggage Handling System Stasys Lukaitis, School of Information Systems, Deakin University Jacob Cybulski, School of Information Systems, Deakin University Abstract This paper attempts to demonstrate the principles of hermeneutics in an effort to understand factors affecting Information Systems (IS) projects. As hermeneutics provides a systematic method of interpreting text from multiple information sources, thus, Information Systems being prima facie defined and documented as text documents, are eminently suited for this mode of investigation. In this paper, we illustrate hermeneutics by analysing a sample case study document describing the well-known Denver International Airport (DIA) Automated Baggage Handling System project, which was extensively reported in the IS and management press and studied by Montealegre and his colleagues. As a result of the hermeneutic approach to the analysis of this document, a new ‘flexibility’ factor has been discovered to play an important, yet unreported, role in the DIA system demise. In the DIA case, the observed flexibility factor influenced the quality of the interaction between the actors, the prevailing environment and the information systems. Introduction Although there are several reports of information systems projects that have applied hermeneutics (Boland, 1991; Klein and Myers, 1999; Myers, 1994a), there are very few publications that explain the actual hermeneutic...
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...year Volodymyr Trusevich Cherkasy - 2011 The term hermeneutics covers both the first order art and the second order theory of understanding and interpretation of linguistic and non-linguistic expressions. As a theory of interpretation, the hermeneutic tradition stretches all the way back to ancient Greek philosophy. In the course of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, hermeneutics emerges as a crucial branch of Biblical studies. Later on, it comes to include the study of ancient and classic cultures. With the emergence of German romanticism and idealism the status of hermeneutics changes. Hermeneutics turns philosophical. It is no longer conceived as a methodological or didactic aid for other disciplines, but turns to the conditions of possibility for symbolic communication as such. The question “How to read?” is replaced by the question, “How do we communicate at all?” Without such a shift, initiated by Friedrich Schleiermacher, Wilhelm Dilthey, and others, it is impossible to envisage the ontological turn in hermeneutics that, in the mid-1920s, was triggered by Martin Heidegger's Sein und Zeit and carried on by his student Hans-Georg Gadamer. Now hermeneutics is not only about symbolic communication. Its area is even more fundamental: that of human life and existence as such. It is in this form, as an interrogation into the deepest conditions for symbolic interaction and culture in general, that hermeneutics has provided the critical horizon for many of the most intriguing...
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...I. Introduction There are many issues that face the interpreter as he approaches the book of Revelation. Is my exegesis theologically biased? What type of hermeneutic do I employ when dealing with prophetic passages? Should I apply the grammatical-historical approach consistently throughout all of Scripture? Am I bringing an interpretation to the text? Am I exhausting the interpretive process, or am I merely guessing? Some of these issues are fundamental, while others are peripheral. All are important, but the peripheral issues stem from the fundamental issues. The most fundamental difference between Amillennialism and Premillennialism is a theological bias. The result of this theological bias surfaces another fundamental difference: hermeneutical methodology. All the other issues are employed within or are peripheral to these two core issues. The thrust of this paper will deal with these two core issues while dealing with the peripheral issues when they surface. II. Defining Terms A. Amillennialism First, however, we must define the terms Amillennialism and Premillennialism. In Latin, the prefix a- is a negation of the following root word. The root word –mille means 1,000. The suffix -annus means years. Thus, the word a-mille-nnial means literally “no-1,000 years”. This is poor terminology because Amillennialist’s do not necessarily believe that there will not be a Millennium. What they teach is that there will not be a Millennium on present earth when Christ will sit...
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...spiritual journey. Why John Calvin Many theologians such as Augustine, Martin Luther, John Calvin and more throughout history have made a big impact on their culture, times, society, and/or religion. One of the theologians that stands out to me is John Calvin, who had a great influence during his time, the early to middle sixteenth century. Calvin is considered by many to have been the father and founder of the Presbyterian and the Reformed Protestant churches. Calvin devoted almost his whole life to promoting both Presbyterian and Protestant Reformation, and he made a significant impact that is still seen today in Christianity. Many also consider Calvin as the father of the modern day grammatico-historical method of hermeneutics. Calvin was a true biblical exegete. For Calvin, the meaning of the...
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...60 hermeneutics.92 Therefore, there is some urgency to restore for the Christian biblical interpreter a theological understanding of Scripture. C. M. Wood rightly points out, “As theological inquiry, theological hermeneutics is critical reflection upon Christian understanding.”93 Thus, in this section we will explore three aspects that nourish our theological understanding of texts: (1) Divine discourse, (2) Intertextuality, and (3) Canonical-linguistic approach: theo-drama. 92Stephen E. Fowl, Engaging Scripture: A Model for Theological Interpretation (Malden: Blackwell, 1998); idem, The Theological Interpretation of Scripture (Cambridge: Blackwell, 1997); John Webster, “Hermeneutics in Modern Theology: Some Doctrinal Reflections,” SJT 51 (1998):...
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...'The aim of feminist theology is simply to seek equality between women and men' Discuss. Feminist theology is a movement found in many religions. Feminist theology aims to reconsider the traditions, scriptures and theologies of those religions from a feminist perspective. It can be argued that feminist theology just wants equality between men and women, however, It can also be put across that seeking equality is not their only aim. Liberal feminist theology is fundamentally rooted in the Enlightenment philosophers who place a high value on reason and recognise that men and women share the same powers of reason. Key thinkers, such as Immanuel Kant, think that whilst there may be physical differences between men and women, there is no difference in terms of human reason. Liberal feminist theologians argue that although the Bible is often patriarchal and biased against women, there is nevertheless a strand which runs from Genesis to Galatians which consider men and women to be created equally in the image of God and therefore entitled to equal respect. They would argue that the Bible shows that women can perform a wide variety of roles and that certain texts are particularly important in demonstrating this. One is the story of Deborah. The scripture characterises Deborah as a prophet, judge and poet. She summons the Israelite commander Barak, addresses him forcefully with a command from the Lord and gives him specific tactical orders. A stark contrast to the strength and leadership...
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...Theory) Passive Consumption, Hypodermic Model (Frankfurt School): "A strong argument suggests that audiences may be passively affected by the sexist, violent representations in GTAV as it is a more realist text than other shoot em' up action adventure games. Young audiences ultimately may begin to view women differently and think that the aspirational violence is acceptable as a means to an end". Andy Medhurst (Representation Theory) Stereotyping is Shorthand for Identification: "One way that texts like Waterloo Road and Skins for example allow for audience identification is through stereotyping and giving characters an extreme representation". Angela McRobbie (Gender Theory) Post Feminist Icon Theory: "Lara Croft, Lady Gaga and Madonna for example could be identified as post feminist icons as they exhibit the stereotypical characteristics of both the male and female strength, courage, control and logic but also are willing to be sexualized for the male gaze. This control element of their own representation is crucial in understanding the theory". Baudrillard Hyper Reality: "Some texts are difficult to distinguish in terms of the representation of reality from a simulation of reality e.g. Big Brother. The boundaries are blurred as codes and conventions create a set of signifiers which we understand but in fact the representation is a copy of a copy". Uses and Gratifications Theory: "Different audiences gain different pleasures from a media text e.g. Gravity can be...
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...Interpretive Journey Paper Instructions On Monday of Module/Week 8, you will submit a paper that will demonstrate an understanding of the interpretive journey through detailed work in each of the 5 major sections of this method of Bible study. This paper will reflect a personal and independent study of a selected passage of Scripture. As such, bibliographic resources are limited to course tools (Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance and The Zondervan Illustrated Bible Dictionary) and similar resources. In order to complete this assignment you will first select 1 of these 3 passages: A. Deuteronomy 22:8 B. Acts 6:1–7 C. 1 Peter 5:6–7 Once you have selected a passage, you will then take the verse through the interpretive journey process. Your answer must engage each of the following steps. Step 1: Grasp the text in their town. Summarize the original situation and the meaning of the text for the biblical audience. Step 2: Measure the width of the river to cross. What are the differences between the biblical situation and our situation? Step 3: Cross the Principlizing Bridge. List the theological principle(s) communicated by the passage. Step 4: Consult the biblical map. How does the theological principle fit with the rest of the Bible? Step 5: Grasp the text in our town. How should individual Christians today live out the theological principle? This assignment must be 2–3 pages in length and use current Turabian format. While the amount of material will vary...
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...avoidance of women was the belief that they could lead men astray: "From garments cometh a moth and from a woman the iniquities of a man" (Ecclus. 42:13). Indeed, men were often viewed as intrinsically better than women, for "better is the iniquity of a man than a woman doing a good turn" (Ecclus. 42:14).[4] In view of this low status of women, it is not surprising that they enjoyed few legal rights in Jewish society. Women were not even allowed to give evidence in a court of law. Moreover, according to the rabbinic school that followed Rabbi Hillel, a man could legally divorce his wife if she burned his dinner. It was in this oppressive context that Christianity was born. Many people - both men and women - have hailed Jesus as a feminist because of His elevation of women in a male-chauvinist society. Moreover, Paul's statement in Galatians 3:28 - "There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus" (NIV) - has been called "the Magna Carta of humanity."[5] Because of the Christian's standing in Christ, it is argued, the subordination of women that was (allegedly) caused by the Fall (Gen. 3) has been replaced with total equality of the sexes in Christ. Any apparent...
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...The Handbook of Gender, Sex and Media, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN-10: 1444338544; 365-82. ISBN-13: 978-1444338546 Sex/Gender and the Media From Sex Roles to Social Construction and Beyond Cynthia Carter Introduction In the early years of second-wave western feminism, many gender researchers and feminist scholars distinguished between the notion of sex, defined as biological differences between male and female, and ‘sex roles,’ referring to certain behaviors and characteristics attributed to each sex that was a social construction. The resulting media research centered on images of women in the media (much less emphasis was placed on men) in order to draw attention to inequities in their portrayal in relation to men (in quantitative terms as well as in terms of the use of stereotypes). Since the 1970s, however, the scope of social constructionism has greatly expanded in feminist theory. Some suggest that the distinction between the biological and the social has, as a result, eroded to such an extent that it is no longer possible to understand the difference, while others question the need for this distinction. For instance, in queer and transgender theory and feminist cultural studies, theorists have sought to make strange the ‘sex/gender’ distinction. The key argument made is that biology is no less a cultural construct than gender socialization into masculinity and femininity. While the point is that biology, like gender, is thought to be socially constructed, that does...
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