...How Financial Assessments Help Organizations Managerial Analysis Abstract Financial assessment provides management with the ability to make critical business decisions for their organization; this involves examining existing data to gain insight on the current and future condition of their organization through the balance sheet, income statement. In the book, What Every Manager Should Know about Financial Analysis, Alan Donahue states “The inability to understand and deal with financial data is a severe handicap in the corporate world”, which seems fitting to mention as I discuss in this paper the significance in doing a financial assessment and some of the necessary tools that are needed in order to do a financial assessment. Basic Concept of Financial Analysis for Organizations and its Importance Financial analysis is an assessment of an organization that will determine the organization’s risk and profitability through reported financial information; the two main sources for retrieving such information are the balance sheet and income statement. The balance sheet also provides a wealth of information that enables the organization to determine its stability, vitality, and profitability through utilizing ratios. Ratios can determine the overall performance of the company through such things called liquidity, leverage and profitability. Balance Sheet The balance sheet outlines the the financial and physical resources that a company has avaliable...
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...INVESTMENT In this paper researchs overconfident for trading of women and men investors. There are some specific subjects. First of all, is gender effected to the people who are overconfident ? Rational investors make repetitive contributions and withdrawals from their investment portfolios and trade to minimize taxes. If people are expected lower return and who wants to more trading Greater overconfidence level leads to greater trading and lower expected utility, overconfidence provide these. According to psychologist analysis, men are trade more than women. Because men have more overconfident than women. This research includes trading records for 35.000 households at a large discount brokerage firm into accounts opened by men and women. They seperate male and female investors. Avarage turnover rate of common stocks for men is approximately one and a half times that for women. Men's performance hurts more by extreme trading than the performance of women. Investors who have the worst perfomance with the highest trading level. Overconfident investors have low expected return because of trading too much and they hold unrealistic beliefs about how high their returns will be about the stock they invested. Secondly, article research how can gender effected investor more overconfident or not? Men are found to be more overconfident than women. Men feel more sufficient than women in financial matters. When there is no feedback...
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...case I came upon the embezzlement of Koss Corp. Koss Corp was a company in Milwaukee, Wisconsin that manufactured stero headphones, speaker phones, computer headsets, wireless headsets, and much more. The case of Koss came about because of inaccurate financial ststements, books and records, and the lack of adequate internal controls from the years of 2005-2009. Two of Koss former employees, Sujata Sachdeva and Julie Mulvaney were the ones to engage in a wide-range of accounting fraud to cover up Sachdeva's embezzlement scam. From the lack and inadequate internal controls and failures in overseeing the accounting and financial reports by the CEO and CFO they were able to embezzle a huge amount of money. Throughout my research I will write a paper in which I must assess the failures of the firms accounting information system to prevent the related fraud/ embezzlement; Also, evaluate the effectiveness of Koss stakeholders in the event that a third-party accounting system suffers a breach. Along with assessing the level of responsibility of the software provider to the business and their clients. This paper will determine what advances in accounting and/or information technology could have done to prevent such acts from occuring, the paper will give changes that should be made to both the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and other current laws in order to make them more effective in deterring companies from committing crimes. Lastly, Recommend a strategy that Koss Corp may use to prevent...
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...list of topics below, which was shared in Week 1’s lecture, choose a topic in which you have more than just a passing interest. The best topic to choose is one which impacts you in some way. Having personal experience with the topic will probably lend some perspective on it and may get you closer to an angle on it. Also, sometimes research can be daunting, but if you have personal experience with the topic, or are even passionate about it, you will probably be more motivated to keep working when the “going gets tough.” Thus, while “interest” in a topic is important, mere interest will probably not sustain you through this project. You might ask yourself, “What is it about this topic that sparks my interest enough to write a ten page paper about it?” Once you choose the topic, please respond to the five questions below. Each of your responses should be approximately two paragraphs in length. This assignment will be graded using the Week 1 Assignment Rubric available in Doc Sharing. Education | Technology | Family | Health and Wellness | School Bullies | Multitasking and Technology | Sexualization of Girls | College Students and Weight Issues | No Child Left Behind Act/Race to the Top | Technology and Social Isolation | Gender Discrimination | Childhood Obesity | Grade Inflation | Perils of Social Networking | Unequal Rights in Marriage, Children | Fad Diets | College Students and Underage Drinking | Online Dating/Online Predators/Sex Offenders | Children...
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...01 technical the use of comparisons in In the Paper F8 exam you may be asked to compute and interpret the key ratios used in analytical procedures at both the audit planning stage and when collecting audit evidence. RELEVANT to ACCA QUAlification paper F8 In the Paper F8 exam you may be asked to compute and interpret the key ratios used in analytical procedures at both the audit planning stage and when collecting audit evidence. Ratios and comparisons can be used to identify where the accounts might be wrong, and where additional auditing effort should be spent. Calculating a ratio is easy, and usually is little more than dividing one number by another. Indeed, the calculations are so basic that they can be programmed into a spreadsheet. The real skill comes in interpreting the results and using that information to carry out a better audit. Saying that a ratio has increased because the top line in the calculation has increased (or the bottom line decreased) is rather pointless: this is simply translating the calculation into words. Use the mnemonic RATIO to remind yourself to keep asking the following questions: ¤ Reason – why has this change occurred? ¤ Accident – is the change real or simply an accident of timing? ¤ Test – what can be done to test our conclusions? What other work should we do? ¤ Implications – what does this change mean? Liquidity crisis? Poor management etc? ¤ Other information – is this consistent with other information...
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...Investment Decision Analysis for IPG Photonics Corporation By: Stacey Fletcher FIN6409-1 Financial Management June 24, 2013 Everest University Introduction The premise of this paper is to assume that I have just graduated from the MBA program and have taken a job as a fund manager for a well-known investment banking house where I have been given $300 million fund to manage/invest. The type of fund I am managing is a pension/retirement fund of long-term perspective and tolerable of moderate risk for loss of capital, it has a required annual return of 9%. As such, in order to mitigate the investment risk, I am instructed to make 12 investments of $25 million dollars each. My first assignment is to preform an analysis on a company of my choice to determine if the fund I am managing should make the investment of $25 million in the stock of this company, and prepare a report. My analysis will be primarily based upon the company's most recent 3 years annual and quarterly SEC filings, and will be comprised of calculations of financial ratios for cash flows and profitability, as well as, forecast performance measures of earnings, analysts' reports and related articles. The decision to invest or not invest will be based upon and supported by this analysis. The company I have chosen for my analysis, IPG Photonics Corporation ,went public in 2006 and is listed on the NASDAQ represented by ticker symbol IPGP. IPG is currently headquartered in Oxford, Massachusetts...
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...ANALYSIS OF BALANCE SHEET ASSETS Total assets increased $233.1 million, or 7%, as of December 31, 2002, primarily as a result of higher cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current assets, and other non-current assets, partially offset by lower deferred income taxes, inventories, property, plant, and equipment, and goodwill. Current assets increased by $96.1 million, or 8%, principally reflecting increased cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current assets, substantially offset by a decrease in deferred income taxes. The increase in cash and cash equivalents reflected strong cash flows from operations during the year, offset by contributions of $308.1 million to the Corporation's pension plans. Prepaid expenses and other current assets reflected higher prepaid pension expense associated with the funding of pension plans during the year and increased original margin balances for commodity futures. The elimination of current deferred income taxes resulted primarily from the significant liability related to the tax effect on other comprehensive income associated with the gains on commodity futures contracts during the year. Property, plant and equipment was lower than the prior year primarily due to depreciation expense of $155.4 million and the retirement of property, plant and equipment of $19.0 million, partially offset by capital additions of $132.7 million. The decrease in goodwill primarily reflected the impact of the sale of certain...
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...MP A R Munich Personal RePEc Archive Strategic Marketing. A literature review on definitions, concepts and boundaries Jorge Mongay Autonomous University of Barcelona, SBS Swiss Business School 2006 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41840/ MPRA Paper No. 41840, posted 9. October 2012 20:07 UTC WORKING PAPER. JM-A1-2006 STRATEGIC MARKETING: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON DEFINITIONS, CONCEPTS AND BOUNDARIES. Dr. Jorge Mongay Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) & SBS Swiss Business School 1 WORKING PAPER. JM-A1-2006 Summary 1. Definitions of strategic marketing 2. Aspects of Strategic Marketing 3. Factors in Strategic Marketing 4. Elements of Marketing Strategy 5. Intersections with others disciplines 5.1. Intersection between Strategic Marketing and Marketing Tactics 5.2. Intersection between Strategic Marketing and Corporate Strategy 5.3. How does it Strategic Marketing fit into Corporate Strategy? 6. Final conclusions of the paper 7. References 2 WORKING PAPER. JM-A1-2006 1. STRATEGIC MARKETING AND ITS DEFINITIONS Although most authors speak about some parts of Strategic Marketing, here is included a list of definitions of the term. Some authors appear in different years ( for example, Jain), It is understand that they have added new comments or redefined the term after the years. The table and the definitions have been ordered by year of publication. Author Year Definition Drucker ...
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...Discussion paper Do you agree with the concept that there is only one social responsibility of business- to use it's resources and engage in activities to increase it's profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in free and open competition without deception or fraud? I feel that businesses have an obligation when it comes to social responsibilities to not only act ethically but to act responsibly when it comes to all business engagements. I don`t agree with the Idea of a business being created just for the idea of making money but I believe that the core of each business should be to improve the lives of others and their surroundings. If the cocept of others are placed in the heart of each business and if the businesses abide by it, then the amount of deception, fraud, and the lack of ethics that may be found in business today will dramatically decrease.I don`t think that there is only one social responsibility of a business but there are a few responsibilities that businesses should take in and apply. I can`t think of all the responsibilities because it can change do to the nature of the business, but a couple things that should always be the priority for all businesses are to take care of the workers and the customers. If the business can keep their workers and the customer happy, then it will be a foundation for a successful business."A firm that consistently fulfills its social obligations makes itself a desirable member of the community...
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...INTRODUCTION Wal-Mart is the top retail company in the United States and has grown from a small customer centered store in Arkansas to an International Retail Store. This company was founded in the 1962 by Sam Walton. Walton and wife Helen put up 95 percent of the money for the first Wal-Mart store in Rogers, Arkansas. He traveled abroad to study retail and believed it was the future. His company began a success and the Wal-Mart empire began when it was incorporated October 31, 1969. Wal-Mart stock was first traded over the counter as publicly-held company in 1970. Since Wal-Mart has had eleven 100 percent stock split as of March of 1999. The company has grown to new levels and I hope to introduce and inform throughout this paper. Walmart.com states: Being a business leader requires us to constantly seek new and better ways of working that help us grow our company reliably and responsibly. So we can continue to improve our stakeholders' quality of life—and fulfill our promise to our customers. MISSION STATEMENT Wal-Mart’s Common Mission: “We save people money so they can live better.” At Wal-MartStores.com...
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...Merger: Valuation Process and Evaluation of Financial Performance in case of United Insurance Company and Shama Plc By: Jemaneh Bayou January 2008 Advisor: Abebe Yitayew (Asst. Professor.) A PROJECT PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENTS OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES Faculty of Business & Economics Department of Accounting & Finance Merger: Valuation Process and Evaluation of Financial Performance in case of United Insurance Company and Shama Plc By Jemaneh Bayou Hailu January 2008 Approved by board of examiners Asst. Professor Abebe Yitayew Advisor Examiner ___________________ Signature ___________________ Signature Examiner ___________________ Signature Statement of Certification This is to certify that Jemaneh Bayou has carried out his project work on the topic “Merger: Valuation Process and Evaluation of Financial Performance in case of United Insurance Company and Shama Plc” under my supervision. In my opinion, this work qualifies for submission in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degree of Masters of Science in Accounting and Finance. Signature________________ Abebe Yitayew (Asst.Professor) Project Advisor Statement of Declaration I declare that this project work is my original work. It has not been submitted for any degree/Diploma in any University. I have undertaken...
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...University of Florence Faculty of Economy Master’s Degree in Bank, Insurance and Financial Markets Thesis in Applied Statistics for Banks and Insurances Credit Risk Models: Single Firm Default and Contagion Default Analysis Supervisor: P rof essor Fabrizio Cipollini Student: Marco Gambacciani Academic Year 2009/2010 Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Structural Models 1.1 Terminal Default . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 First Passage Models . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 The Black and Cox’s Model . . 1.2.2 Longstaff and Schwartz’s Model 1.2.3 Leland and Toft’s Model . . . . 1.2.4 Zhou’s Model . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.5 Random Threshold Model . . . 2 5 5 11 11 15 19 24 30 35 36 39 41 45 48 50 51 56 67 76 77 79 79 82 83 84 94 114 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Modelli reduced form 2.1 Approach With An Homogenous Poisson Process . . 2.2 Approach With a Non-Homogenous Poisson Process 2.3 Approach with a Cox’s Process . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Bond and Spread Valuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Models For The Correlation Between Defaults 3.1 Bottom-Up Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1.1 Structural Apporach . . . . . . . . 3.1.2 Intensity Models Approaches . . . 3.1.3 Approaches with...
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...THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA ACT 1992 Firms and institutions can raise medium and long term funds by issuing securities. Securities issued can be tradable or non-tradable. Tradable securities include corporate securities(shares & debentures), govt securities, public securities, bonds, units of mutual fund, are tradable securities i.e. transferable . Non-transferable securities include bank deposits , company deposits, loans and advances of bank & financial institutions and post office certificates & deposits Capital market can be classified into primary & secondary markets Primary markets : provides for channel for sale of new securities. The issuer of securities(create and sell) new securities in the primary market to raise funds, either through public issue or private placement. If the issue is made to particular class of people it is called a private placement Secondary markets : Deals with securities already issued or offered to the public in the primary market. Thus secondary market facilitates exchange of securities of listed companies which is called as Stock Markets. This market enables participants who hold securities to adjust their holdings in response to their assessment of risk and return. They can also sell these securities as per their liquidity needs The securities market has three types of participants 1] issuer of securities 2] investors of securities 3] intermediaries. The issuer and investors are customers of the...
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...Employment News 31 May - 6 June 2014 www.employmentnews.gov.in 21 UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION EXAMINATION NOTICE NO. 09/2014-CSP (LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS : 30/06/2014) DATE :31.05.2014 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2014 (Commission’s website-http://upsc.gov.in) F. No. 1/5/2013-E.I(B) : Preliminary Examination of the Civil Services Examination for recruitment to the Services and Posts mentioned below will be held by the Union Public Service Commission on 24th Aug., 2014 in accordance with the Rules published by the Department of Personnel & Training in the Gazette of India Extraordinary dated 31st May, 2014. (i) Indian Administrative Service. (ii) Indian Foreign Service. (iii) Indian Police Service. (iv) Indian P & T Accounts & Finance Service, Group ‘A’. (v) Indian Audit and Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (vi) Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise), Group ‘A’. (vii) Indian Defence Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (viii) Indian Revenue Service (I.T.), Group ‘A’. (ix) Indian Ordnance Factories Service, Group ‘A’ (Assistant Works Manager, Administration). (x) Indian Postal Service, Group ‘A’. (xi) Indian Civil Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (xii) Indian Railway Traffic Service, Group ‘A’. (xiii) Indian Railway Accounts Service, Group 'A'. (xiv) Indian Railway Personnel Service, Group ‘A’. (xv) Post of Assistant Security Commissioner in Railway Protection Force, Group ‘A’ (xvi) Indian Defence Estates Service, Group...
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...Employment News 11 - 17 February 2012 www.employmentnews.gov.in 21 Union Public Service Commission EXAMINATION NOTICE NO. 04/2012-CSP DATED 11.02.2012 (LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS : 05.03.2012) CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2012 (Commission's website - http://www.upsc.gov.in) F. No. 1/4/2011-E.I(B) : Preliminary Examination of the Civil Services Examination for recruitment to the Services and Posts mentioned below will be held by the Union Public Service Commission on 20th May, 2012 in accordance with the Rules published by the Department of Personnel & Training in the Gazette of India Extraordinary dated 4th February, 2012. (i) Indian Administrative Service. (ii) Indian Foreign Service. (iii) Indian Police Service. (iv) Indian P & T Accounts & Finance Service, Group ‘A’. (v) Indian Audit and Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (vi) Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise), Group ‘A’. (vii) Indian Defence Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (viii) Indian Revenue Service (I.T.), Group ‘A’. (ix) Indian Ordnance Factories Service, Group ‘A’ (Assistant Works Manager, Administration). (x) Indian Postal Service, Group ‘A’. (xi) Indian Civil Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (xii) Indian Railway Traffic Service, Group ‘A’. (xiii) Indian Railway Accounts Service, Group 'A'. (xiv) Indian Railway Personnel Service, Group ‘A’. (xv) Post of Assistant Security Commissioner in Railway Protection Force, Group ‘A’ (xvi) Indian Defence Estates Service, Group ‘A’. (xvii) Indian Information...
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