...Liliana Nuñez HIS101/MWF/11:00 a.m Prof. Mahdavi-izadi 24 November 2014 Term Paper: Steam Engine from the Industrial Revolution The industrial revolution was an era where many things changed especially in manufacturing. Thanks to the invention of the steam engine people realized that all the work and tasks they used to perform manually was now able to be accomplished in a much more efficient manner because of machines. Brilliant inventors during the industrial revolution became very well known for making these machines work. Even though James Watt was not the inventor of the steam engine, since steam has been around for a long time, he was known as making the steam engine work.[1] Throughout the essay I will be examining the history and different aspects of the steam engine such as how the steam engine works, what it is, and why it is important, as well as the man who played a huge role into making it work. James Watt was an engineer who transformed the practical use of steam into power. He was born in born in 1736 in Greenock, Scotland.[2] He went to grammar school just like many other young men at the time. He was very smart and was specifically good in the subject of mathematics. In his mid-teenage years his goal was to be an instrument maker, and his father was a carpenter so he was taught at an early age how to build things. Watt ended up moving away from Greenock to pursue an education on how to make instruments. At the University of Glasgow he came in...
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...The Industrial Revolution started around 1750. It began in Britain and it spread throughout the World. England was known as “the world’s workshop” because at that point in time, England was the major manufacturing center of the World. It took about ten years for the Industrial Revolution to spread to other places. It spread to America. The Industrial Revolution was favorable to the American colonies by bringing the factory system to America, supplying more employment which increased urban growth, and raising the national economy. Americans developed and profited from a variety of inventions that produced goods and materials faster and cheaper. The Industrial Revolution was an ongoing effort over many decades to increase production by using machines rather than the power of humans or animals. Groups of spinners and weavers gradually began working together in buildings known as mills, usually located on a stream or river, using the power of flowing water to run their tools. The British inventions took an immense impact on the American Industrial Revolution. Inventions like the spinning jenny, the water frame, and the power loom helped mechanize the processes of spinning and weaving cloth. An invention that played an important part in the revolution was the steam engine. The creation of the steam engine was credited to James Watt. James Watt developed the first practical steam engine in Britain between 1765 and 1785. The steam engine made it possible to pump water out...
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...Industrial Revolution – A step to new era The Industrial Revolution, which took place from the 18th to 19th centuries, was a period during which predominantly agrarian, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 1700s, manufacturing was often done in people’s homes, using hand tools or basic machines. Industrialization marked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production. The iron and textile industries, along with the development of the steam engine, played central roles in the Industrial Revolution, which also saw improved systems of transportation, communication and banking. While industrialization brought about an increased volume and variety of manufactured goods and an improved standard of living for some, it also resulted in often grim employment and living conditions for the poor and working classes. The Industrial Revolution began over 200 years ago. It changed the way in which many products, including cloth and textiles, were manufactured. It is called a "revolution" beacuse the changes it caused were great and sudden. It greatly affected the way people lived and worked. This revolution helped to bring about the modern world we know today in many ways. The Industrial Revolution was a major change in the nature of production in which machines replaced tools and steam and other energy sources replaced human or animal power. The Industrial Revolution...
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...What exactly defines an industrial revolution? The industrial revolution that took started in England around the 1750’s and lasted until the 1870’s had a significant impact on the American colonies in several different ways. Even as the colonies were beginning to establish themselves across the ocean from England, they were sure to be affected by increases in the demand for more agricultural exports caused by the changes taking place in their parent country. This Industrial Revolution led to innovations in machinery, steam engines, “lathes for shaping wood, jennies and looms for spinning and weaving textiles, and hammers for forging iron” (A. 120). These advances led to increases in production of textiles and chinaware and other goods. A major downside was that as these machines increased productivity, the factories would make workers try and keep up with the machines thus making them work long hours in dangerous environments. Parliament then enacted a series of acts called the “Enclosure Acts”, which essentially forced any landowner to fence or “enclose” their grazing land at their own expense or be taken over by the government. This forced many poor farmers to have to work in these factories along with their wives and children in order to survive. The colonies at this point in time were able to export tobacco, rice and wheat to England to have it manufactured since they did not have many manufacturing capabilities themselves. They were essentially being supported solely by...
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...The Flying Shuttle The industrial revolution was a turning point for new inventions. People were finding ways to make life easier, by using machinery. A huge turning point for the industrial revolution was in cloth weaving. But cloth weaving could get difficult for people, for that they could only weave clothes and such only to the length of the weavers armspan. But one man, John Kay created this little device that was given man the power to weave wider cloths and at a faster rate (The “Flying Shuttle” 1). The device that John kay Invented is called the “Flying Shuttle.” The newly invented shuttle could be thrown across the weaving bed by a lever pulled by a single person. Originally if a designer wanted a wider cloth, it would have to be thrown and weaved by two or more people (Flying Shuttle 1). How John Kay came up with this creation is because when he was a kid, he worked in his fathers wool manufacturing mills, and soon became the manager for one of these mills. In May 1733, the Flying Shuttle was patented for use (The “Flying Shuttle” 2). Angered by the new competition, weavers wrecked Kay’s house, and destroyed his weaving machines, also known as a “Loom.” Costs of operating this new machine halved labor costs so this brought in great curiosity from other industries as well. People were quick to adopt Kay’s new invention (The “ Flying Shuttle” 2). This invention brought up a new way for mechanical looms, but in about thirty years, a power loom would be invented...
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...This article is about a U.S. Presidential proclamation concerning the Philippines. For 1982 book, see Benevolent Assimilation (book). The term Benevolent Assimilation refers to a policy of the United States towards the Philippines as described in a proclamation by U.S. President William McKinley issued on December 21, 1898. The proclamation was issued after Spain was defeated in the Spanish–American War but before fighting began in the Philippine–American War. Prior to the proclamation, the United States had defeated Spain during the naval Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898. Subsequently on June 12, 1898, Emilio Aguinaldo declared the Philippines independent and established a revolutionary government whose the Filipino revolutionary armed forces surrounded Manila and the occupying American Army. This created a stand-off between opposing armies that would erupt in fighting in early 1899. The proclamation reads in part: Finally, it should be the earnest wish and paramount aim of the military administration to win the confidence, respect, and affection of the inhabitants of the Philippines by assuring them in every possible way that full measure of individual rights and liberties which is the heritage of free peoples, and by proving to them that the mission of the United States is one of benevolent assimilation substituting the mild sway of justice and right for arbitrary rule.[1] The proclamation was sent to General Elwell Otis, U.S. military commander and Governor-General...
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...Introduction Industrialization increased tremendously during the 18th and 19th century leading to the success growth of United States as far as overall wealth during the rise to power on its wake. This paper focuses on the different aspects of industrialization that occurred and the various groups that were affected during this period of time, and overall what the effect of industrialization did for America. Three Aspects of the Industrial Revolution Referred to commonly as the second Industrial Revolution, three major aspects during this time immensely played apart towards the shaping of our country as we know it and they were our society, the economy and our politics. Society was largely a big part of the industrialization period and underwent the most significant changes. Large amounts of rural to urban migration occurred due employment because of the creation of organizations and companies. The infrastructure and building of railway lines for transportation of raw materials to distinctive states was happening as well during this time. Significant use of iron and steel created several opportunities for industrialization versus agricultural hence making the United States more of an industrialized nation and less agricultural. Our economy at the time played a major role at this time, and was the second aspect of industrialization. During this time rapid growth in society was experienced with the expansion of companies and the improvement of their internal progression....
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...The Industrial Revolution implemented numerous opportunities to all. Originally, these uprisings of events took place in the late 1700s regarding the country of England. As time passed, the term of commercial enterprise, Industrialization, spread throughout different regions and countries. Eventually these matters promoted higher standards for living conditions, which enacted more efficient exploitations to be taken place in that period of time. Industrialization is the conversion of rural ways, to advanced technicalities in manufacturing and other productive economic activities. While some might argue that Industrialization had primarily negative consequences for society because of the neglect and poor conditions, it was actually a positive thing for...
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...Stephen Gardiner, a British architect, once said, “The Industrial Revolution was another of those extraordinary jumps forward in the story of civilization.” In the early 1800’s, Europe began utilizing their natural resources, expanding economy, political stability, new technology, and growth from the agricultural revolution to aid in the modernization of their society. As various European nations and cities started to industrialize, the people started to experience changes such as, the hardships of poor health and working conditions, both the negative and positive outcomes of infrastructure, and an overall positive impact from the advancements of industrialization.The Industrial Revolution caused extremely miserable working conditions for...
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...Events that Change the World JaShavea Everett American Intercontinental University Professor Whitehead Events that Change the World In the very end of the 18th century, a revolution occurred, and it took the world by storm; and they weren’t ready for it. The revolution was not one to that had to deal with anything necessarily politics, but in the future would lead to many findings later in its place of existence. The revolution had no cultural or social impact; this revolution was economic. The Industrial Revolution changed the world. It changed the way the world’s production of their goods. The IR changed the societies in the times back then; it went from being agriculture society, to then being taken over by manufacturing. The IR began in Great Britain, in the middle of the 18th century, when they were the most powerful force in the world. It was hard to even imagine that Britain was leading this revolution, they had the most wealth. Shortly after England was adopted, other countries began to play a part in the IR, countries like Germany, France, and the United States. During the time of the IR people began to invent new technology, and thus far technology began to advance and this bought the coming forth, cultural problems, as well as socioeconomic. The steam power was one of the biggest advancements in technology. Fuels like coal and petroleum were included in the newly steam engines. This invention revolutionized many of the industries, including manufacturing...
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...The two most significant social consequences of the First Industrial Revolution are urbanization and mechanization. Urbanization is the increase of the number of people who migrate from rural areas to the city. With the constant influx of people who moved to the city the problems of overcrowding and sanitation arose. With the lure of factory jobs and a better lifestyle the people who once lived out in rural areas were persuaded that there could be a better life in the city. One of the problems that were not anticipated was one of proper sanitation. With more people the problem of crowed conditions apply with more garbage, more sewage and more contamination. Another social consequence is that of mechanization. Mechanization is the process of removing people and animals from their jobs and replacing them with machines. Machines may offer the luxury of mass production but it is at the cost of human workers being unemployed. So like a domino effect, all the people who moved to the city for work in factories are now being replaced by machines. In turn you have overcrowded cities with a large number of unemployed, hungry and desperate people. Now these people can barely afford to live, eat or even take care of their animals, the same animals that were replaced by machines. The first Industrial Revolution contributed to the rise of capitalism because of the increase of factories and the mass production of materials. With the advent of machines to mass...
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...first social revolution is that of the hunting and gathering societies when the transformed to horticultural and pastoral societies. This kind of society enabled humans to stop moving around and make more permanent living areas. With dependable sources of food, human societies grew bigger, as well as the evolution of tools. This induced trade and set the stage for social inequality. Materialism brought about war. In return, wars brought about power and wealth. The second is the agricultural society. This kind of society emerged after the invention of the plow. The plow brought forth an even larger supply of food, which encouraged the evolvement of cities. People then had more time to engage in other activities such as philosophy, art, literature, and architecture. This period is typically known as the "dawn of civilization" because the changes are so abundant and profound. Social inequality increased. There were taxes and the elite surrounded themselves with what amounted to personal militaries. The third is the Industrial revolution that began in Great Britain. The steam machine was introduced to operate machinery. This tool opened the door for even bigger social inequality, more than any other ever seen. Those who first used the technology became very wealthy, and other peasants were made to leave their lands and had to move to the city, where they faced several hardships like starving, minimal wages, and stealing. This revolution brought about...
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...hard hours for little or no pay. The children were in horrible conditions. Another negative consequence of the industrialization was that work hours were too long. Sometimes adults would work 10-16 hours a day, therefore they only had very few hours of sleep. People back then had to eat breakfast and dinner as they could. They would only get one hour to eat their lunch that was it. “Dawn my labor drives me forth this night when I am free; a stranger is I to my child; and he one to me” (Document 2). This quote states that the parents are trying to provide for their families, even if that requires 12-16 hours per day. Working Parents were unable to spend quality time with their children. “You are surrounded, as we have constantly shown you throughout this book, with an infinite number of comforts and conveniences which had no existence two or three centuries ago and those comforts are not used only by a few, but are within the reach of almost all men. Every day is adding something to your comforts” (Document 9). I think the authors’ effects of the industrial revolution are positive. In the excerpt he states “Every day is adding something to your comforts”. He means that in the 1800s there was nothing we have today back then. The man also says “Our houses are better built, your clothes are cheaper, and you have an infinite number of domestic utensils”. The last quote I found interesting was “You can travel quickly from place to place…” It basically means that back then people...
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...The Industrial Revolution took America by storm, every new invention changed the economic state of the country. Goods were able to move throughout the country faster than they ever have at the time, the trading routes had easier and safer access to them, and the borders of the country have greatly expanded, giving Americans the power to enhance their property. The division in social classes were more defined, the middle class was made more evident rather than it being just the upper and lower class. People were beginning to move away from their rural lifestyles and convert to their modern urban lifestyle. As President Jefferson bought Louisiana from France, decisions needed to be made. Someone needed to go explore the land and report back...
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...Sam Sepassi World History 102 Essay 10/01/2015 The Industrial revolution Industrialization refers to the development of machine production of goods and new energy resources. The Western World went from rural and agricultural to urban industrial. Hard Times suggests that nineteenth-century England’s overzealous adoption of industrialization threatens to turn human beings into machines by thwarting the development of their emotions and imaginations. This suggestion comes forth largely through the actions of Gradgrind and his follower, Bounderby: as the former educates the young children of his family and his school in the ways of fact, the latter treats the workers in his factory as emotionless objects that are easily exploited for his own self-interest. Industrialization had many positive and negative effects on the citizens of Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. Industrialization had many positive effects on society in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. The creation of power machines and factories provided many new job opportunities. The new machinery increased production speed of good and gave people the ability to transport raw materials. Industrialization also lead to urbanization. Urbanization is the movement of people into cities and city building. Citizens wanted to live closer to the factories that they worked at. Despite its many positive effects effects, industrialization had a negative impact on Europe too. Urban areas doubled, tripled, or quadrupled in...
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