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University of Phoenix Material

Earth and Earth Materials I Worksheet

From Visualizing Earth Science, by Merali, Z., and Skinner, B. J, 2009, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Copyright 2009 by Wiley. Adapted with permission.

Part 1

Complete the WileyPLUS® GeoDiscoveries Earth Drag and Drop from Chapter 1. Label and describe each letter in the space below.

[pic]

|Ocean |
|Continental crust |
|Oceanic crust |
|Solid inner core |
|Liquid outer core |
|mesosphere |
|Asthenosphere |
|lithosphere |

Part 2

Resources:

• Minerals Drag and Drop (Chapter 2) • Virtual Rock Lab (Chapter 2)

Complete the following WileyPLUS® GeoDiscoveries and answer the following questions:

1. What is the difference between a rock and a mineral? A mineral is a naturally formed inorganic substance with characteristics crystal structure and specific chemical composition. A rock is a naturally formed coherent aggregate of minerals and possibly nonmineral matter
2. What types of tests are used to identify minerals? Test such as Luster, color, streak, and hardness are use the indentify minerals

Part 3

1. Label the part and mineral resource that compose each part of this lightbulb. Refer to the diagram in Chapter 2.

|Bulb-soft glass made from silica, trona, |
|lime, coal, and salt |
|Lead-in-wires- made of copper and nickel |
|Stem Press- made of combination of |
|nickel-iron alloy core and a copper sleeve |
|Fuse- made of Nickel, manganese, copper, |
|and/or silicon alloy |

|Gas-usually a mixture of nitrogen and argon |
|to retard evaporation of the filament |
|Filament- made of tungsten |
|Button and Button Rod- made of silica, trona,|
|lime,coal,salt,and lead |
|Base- made of brass, copper and zinc or |
|aluminum |

2. Choose two minerals and describe where these minerals are found in nature and the environmental impact of extracting these minerals from the earth. You may need outside resources.Copper is found mosting in the copper mines of New mexico, Arizona, Michigan, and Montana. coal is found by ming things called coal seams the largest coals seams are in North America, Russia, China, India, and Australia. The impact of mining these minerals from the earth can cause things such as Sinkholes, Erison, and Loss of Bioiversity as well as contamination of soil.

Part 4

In the following table, summarize what scientists have learned from the fossil record. Include the type of fossil evidence scientists used in their research. Add one more type of evidence with a summary to the table.

Note. You may need to do outside research to complete the table. Cite any references used and provide a References page.

|Area of information |Summary |
|Climate change |Fossils provide us with information on how the climate has changed over millions of years. |
| |Paleontologists look for fossils as clues on how the climate (tempature and precipitation) of|
| |fossil ecosystem. |
|Continental drift |This was a theory that explained on how continents shift positions on Earth’s surface it |
| |would also explain why look alike plants and animals fossils along with rock formation |
| |where found on different continents. |
|Extinct species: dinosaurs, early mammals, and|Fossils of land animals First appeared in rocks about 370 million years ago. As these rocks |
|so on |become more recent the fossils look increasingly like the animals we have on Earth today. |
|Evolution |Fossils only provide us with a snapshot of the past a panorama of evolutionary change over |
| |the past four billion years But fossils clearly show that that life is old and has changed |
| |over the years |
|Meteor strikes |For meteorites that are larger than a few hundred ton are quite rare but atmospheric friction|
| |doesn’t have if little effect on the velocity of the meteorite which with it speed create a |
| |mass crater like the Barringer Crater. |
|Mass extinctions |The fossil record show the most completely time intervals known by geologist which extend for|
| |542 million year ago to the present. There is no single cause of mass extinction it just the |
| |result of unfortunate combination of cause. |
|Wandering poles |Migration over the surface of the Earth the magnetic poles of the earth recognized as the |
| |direction of magnetization of many rock are not corresponding the present direction of the |
| |geomagnetic field. |
|Global flood |There are 18 Evidences of mass floods or erosion rapidly layering the strata or direct |
| |evidences of a worldwide flood. The strongest evidences of this worldwide flood is a fossils |
| |know as the polystrate fossil which are found all over the world mostly in coal seams. |

References • http://nature.nps.gov/geology/nationalfossilday/climate_change_past.cfm • http://biologos.org/common-questions/scientific-evidence/fossil-record/ • http://www.earthage.org/EarthOldorYoung/scientific_evidence_for_a_worldwide_flood.htm
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