...two years, a child’s main Influences derive from his or her immediate environment. This system includes influences from parents, siblings, immediate family, caregivers, close family friends, and the limited exposure outside the home environment. As a child progresses from infancy to young childhood, his or her environment expands to include the child’s ecosystem (community, schools, church, and neighbors). Slowly through life, new influences add to the child’s history, but the most influential during these two stages are the family and early education. The main contextual influences in infancy and early childhood include parents, siblings, grandparents, and often surrogates (nannies, foster parents, adopted parents, and routine caretakers). These individual’s influence language, socialization, emotional development, temperament, attachments, and they provide the first cultural context. The family is the foundation for psychosocial, cognitive, and biosocial development. An infant is completely dependent on the parent, caretaker, or surrogate. Early experiences that mold psychosocial and cognitive development are dependent on socialization within the child’s family. A newborn quickly learns to associate a mother’s smell to comfort and nourishment. A few months later, a child delights in the faces of his or her family. Gradually, the child will begin to sort through the speech stream and learn the language spoken by his or her parents. Arranz, Oliva, De Miguel, Olabarrieta...
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...Although there are good opportunities for scientific discovery, the line has been crossed multiple times and it is necessary for the patient’s rights and needs to be put first. “The need for research and the need for oversight are not competing agendas; they are 2 pillars that support the research enterprise. It is time to restore the balance” (Infectious Disease Control, 2009, 333). I like how this quote encompasses the future of patient centered care. As important as research is one cannot veto the voice of the patient. It is also important to respect patients’ information and the most recent form of protection that was installed was “the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), was enacted in 1996 and implemented in 2003 to protect an individual’s health information” (Burns, 2009, 188). These measures have ensured that people take their jobs seriously and provide the best patient centered care...
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...History of the Profession Retrieved from http://www.childlife.org/The%20Child%20Life%20Profession/HistoryoftheProfession.cfm Deiser, R. (2013) History of Therapeutic Recreation. In Robertson, T. & Long, T. (Eds.), Foundations of Therapeutic Recreation. (13-30). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Search Institute (2016). 40 Developmental Assets for Adolescents. Retrieved from http://www.search-institute.org/content/40-developmental-assets-adolescents-ages-12-18 Segrin, C. (2013). Family Systems Theory. Cultural Sociology of Divorce: An Encyclopedia, 1, 445-447. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy.alu.talonline.ca/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&u=leth89164&id=GALE%7CCX3718400172&v=2.1&it=r&sid=summon&userGroup=leth89164&authCount=1# Shank, J., & Coyle, C. (2002). Therapeutic Recreation in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation. State College, PA: Venture Publishing, Inc. Townsend, J. A., Ms, & Zabriskie, R. B., Phd. (2010). Family leisure among families with a child in mental health treatment: Therapeutic recreation implications. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 44(1), 11-34. Retrieved from...
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...PERSON-CENTERED THERAPY Most important person and what they believed: Carl Rogers created Person-Centered Therapy in the 1940’s. Rogers humanistic approach was revolutionary in shifting the mainstream ideology of psychoanalytic and behavior counseling modalities to a client-based approach. Although this counseling modality was initially called nondirective counseling and underwent four main development/evolutionary stages, Rogers maintained his belief that it is ultimately up to the client, not the therapist, to become the agent needed for self-change. Rogers was a humanist who believed that people are ultimately trustworthy, they have the potential to understand themselves and resolve their own problems, and much of the clients’ ability to change lies in the relationship found between they client and the counselor. Philosophy: The main philosophy behind Person-Centered Therapy is that the client is capable of becoming fully functioning individual, whom is responsible for creating change to help resolve issues they face in their lives; people can worked toward self-awareness and self-healing, without the direct influence and techniques used by a therapist. Person-Centered Therapy treats every client as a unique individual and has respect for the client’s subjective world. This approach also believes if a person enters into a positive, genuine relationship with a counselor, every person attains a natural potential to actualize and finding meaning in their life. The client-therapist...
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...A Theory in Progress Every theory begins with just a thought. One thought can change the course of history and the lives of many. Aristotle had a thought when he saw the shadow cast by the earth upon the moon. This thought led to the theory that the world is round, which people know to be true. There is no brilliance in coming up with a theory, only a thought that leads to a larger idea, which soon becomes a theory. Sigmund Freud's theories about the unconscious mind led him to what he calls psychoanalysis. In layman's terms, psychoanalysis is little more than a patient sitting in a room with another person discussing the issues that bother him or her in his or her life. When thinking about this on a broader scale, psychoanalysis is much more. Psychoanalysis with a well educated and trained individual can open the eyes to see deeper into the patients psyche. When the psychoanalyst gives the patient the right tools, he or she can help the patient overcome the obstacles that hold him or her hostage. Thought to Theory Some of the brightest minds in history made their theory into scientific data that people of all ages learn from. Each one; forming an idea in their mind and putting their idea into practice, and then ultimately becoming a theory. Theories are always changing and making better the ideas of the past. Not one person can truly know the human mind to its fullest, but with practice and theory people can learn more about the mind and obtain a better understanding of how...
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...Lost in Translation Fawne Cady University of Maryland University College Turnitin Originality Score: 7% Turnitin Originality Score: 7% Abstract Managers who take time to become familiar with the basic cultural beliefs of a patient foster an environment of mutual respect and consideration. Cross cultural communication can enhance patient-provider relationships and improve quality of care outcomes. Cultural unfamiliarity hinders autonomy of the patient and threatens an optimum level of care health care professionals are sworn to strive towards. Language barriers and mediated conversations hinder communication and foster an environment filled with confusion and apprehension. This essay reviews a scenario featuring a health care team’s disregard for communication barriers and its impact on an Iranian man diagnosed with cancer. Recommendations are offered on traditional American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) approaches to cross cultural medicine as they apply to this scenario. The ultimate objective is for health care providers and administrators to be aware of the possible impacts elicited by the lack of attention to language barriers and to provide approaches to combat these obstructions of quality health care. Keywords: cross-cultural medicine, cultural miscommunication, cultural awareness Lost in Translation Hospitals in the United States are not restricted to serving a single language population or culture. Many medical professionals consider...
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...Contrary to the popular belief of men contributing the biggest part to the American Revolution, women have made significant impact in our history as well. Unfortunately, most of our history books minimize the impact of women on our history, and when it is mentioned, it is often belittles or even romanticized through the authors eyes. Carol Berkin attempts to portray a more accurate representation of these influences in her book Revolutionary Mothers, Women in the Struggle for American Independence. Berkin discusses the Colonial white women, Native American, and African American women and how they have helped to construct and shape our history. By basing her position in this book on the various socioeconomic statuses such as the high and low classes, as well as those who supported Loyalist and Patriotic causes during this lengthy battle for Americas Independence. Overall, Berkin has constructed a piece of literature that attempts to depict the real influence of both average common folks as well as famous women have had in our history and how they were affected by the Revolutionary war. By using many different sources and numerous footnotes throughout her 120 page book , Berkin defends her stance on the roles of many women throughout history and their influences. Berkin position is backed up by using diaries from numerous women written during the days of the Revolution, memoirs, legal opinions, law books as well as news paper articles. Also to discredit any other possible...
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...was identified as “abnormal,” they were the lucky recipients of a label they carried with them for life, or until they “recovered.” Mental health labels carry with them a certain stigma that communicates to the person they are different, perhaps less of a person and that “normal” may never be a reality with their “illness.” Recovery would be based on becoming symptom-free, or at the very least, a significant reduction in symptoms (Gehart, 2012). The mental health field has experienced tremendous growth in terms of understanding the plethora of conditions people experience, as well as in treatment of those conditions. However, one thing remained unchanged until recently. The idea behind recovery shifted from coercive treatment to person-centered change (Onken, et al, 2007). Gehart states is this way, “instead of using the medical paradigm of disease, the recovery paradigm approached mental “illness” using a social model of disability that emphasizes psychosocial functioning over medical symptomatology” (2012). The focus of recovery shifted from the illness to the person. The recovery model gave way to the idea that change can happen and that the person should be at the center of the decision-making process to “reach their highest possible level of functioning, while developing new meanings for their lives”...
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...Interprofessional Team Development: A Patient and Family Centered Care Western Governor’s University: C158 May 11th, 2016 Interprofessional Team Development: A Patient and Family Centered Care Approach Approach to patient care has changed over the last three decades from patient treatment-focused model to include comforting, engaging, and empowering patients. The new approach implements patient-centered care environments. It has been adopted by care providers, research bodies, funding agencies, and regulatory agencies, among others. To enhance patient-centered care, business practices, regulatory requirements, and reimbursement regulatory procedures have been adopted. This is evident by the regulations of Joint Commission and the provision of services by Medicare Medicaid services (CMS). In this paper, the impact of business practices, regulatory requirements, and reimbursement procedures on patient-centered care is discussed. A multidisciplinary approach on a process improvement enhancing Patient and Family Centered Focus Care is outlined in a hospital located in Arizona. Regulatory Requirements and Healthcare Business In 1996 the Institute of Medicine took on healthcare improvement to resolve unsafe care by ambitiously moving toward quality initiatives. The release of “To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System19 (1999) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001)” focused on the fails of the healthcare systems pointing out that over 98,000 patients die in hospitals...
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...Family Health Nursing Nur 464 – Concepts of Family Nursing Theory October 6, 2005 Family Health Nursing Nursing has been an integral part of patient care forever, though not considered as a part of medical profession in the early days. Nursing care has evolved from the time of nursing pioneers like Florence Nightingale and Dorothea Orem to today’s health care environment where, health care system has become more complex and fragmented with specializations. The growth of sophisticated medical technology has further changed nurses’ roles in taking nursing care to nursing profession. Today’s nurses have to focus on the psychosocial and physiological environment of a client along with the physical aspect of care. Individual’s personal circumstances play a very important role on their overall health and welfare. Family environment, family values, economic and financial support and education or knowledge base are few important factors that contribute in making individuals react. To provide optimal care, the patient has to be treated as a whole. Patients family should be included ‘as client’ rather than the background for care. What is an ideal family? There are multiple definitions of family. One definition according to The Bureau of the Census is, “two or more persons who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption and who live together as one household” (U.S.Census Bureau, 2005). Another definition of family is “two or more individuals...
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...Revolution “The Moneylender and His Wife,” Quentin Metsys (1514) AP European History J.F. Walters (2010) 1 Commercial Revolution: Essential Questions 1. How did developments in the late Middle Ages impact the Commercial Revolution? 2. What contribution did Luca Pacioli make to the Commercial Revolution? 3. What was the nature of banking in the Commercial Revolution? 4. What was a joint-stock company? 5. What was the Domestic System” in England? 6. What was the Price Revolution and what were its results? 7. What were the principles of mercantilism and what impact did it have on economics and politics? 8. In what ways did the Commercial Revolution sow the seeds of capitalism? 9. What was “Tulip Mania” in the Netherlands? AP European History • The Commercial Revolution • J.F. Walters & G.W.Whitton 2 The Commercial Revolution Journal 12/A: What important economic changes in the early modern centuries does the term “Commercial Revolution” signify? ––Palmer Chapter 12 • pp. 106-114–– Directions; Using sentences or detailed bulleted notes, identify & explain the evidence Palmer uses to support the thesis listed above. AP European History • The Commercial Revolution • J.F. Walters & G.W.Whitton 3 Background to the Commercial Revolution • Commercial Revolution basics ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ • change from a town-centered (medieval manorial) to a nation-centered (early modern European) economic system in spite of name, the economic change of...
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...TV Ethics Homework Assignment Overview: One of my favorite types of TV shows are those with a little sci-fi in mixed. One of my top favorites is Smallville which is centered around Superman (AKA Clark Kent) during his high school years. Unlike the famous TV show, the city of Smallville is plagued with abnormal activities from meteor rocks that are found around the small country town in central Kansas. The show was first released in 2001 and the episode in conversation takes place in the second season Much of the storyline is centered around the young super hero learning about his abilities and keeping them a secret from his close friends. In one episode a toxin is discovered on the Kent family farm which has infected both Clark and his mother Martha. The severity of the situation is getting worse and CDC is now getting involved. When Clark’s situation worsens, his father Jonathon calls on the assistance of their family doctor. He is not without doubt and has the doctor make a special visit to the farm and makes the doctor promise not make any medical records of any kind, not even labels for the blood that she draws from Clark. While this is all taking place, a darker character named Lex Luther is trying to find out everything that he can about the meteor’s, especially the Kent’s unexplained connection. Analysis: The ethical issue in question is not something complex or supernatural as the story and character of Superman, but it does give a fresh look at the medical...
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...In order to provide patient-centered care, nurses must incorporate the patient as a whole. They have to be aware of the differences amongst their patient’s expressed needs, preferences, and values (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2008). Cultural beliefs and practices are vital factors to consider when assessing the patient for these things. If a nurse were to just take care of everyone based upon his or her own beliefs, the care provided would not be considered patient-centered at all. So how does one assess a patient’s cultural affiliations? The Heritage Assessment Tool is a great questionnaire that will guide a nurse into the world of the patient. It allows the nurse to look at the patient as a whole, not just looking at his or her medical condition. It assesses the patient’s family history in regards to culture, religion, family, and surroundings. The questionnaire was used to interview a member from three separate cultures. This paper will describe some differences and similarities in health traditions amongst the Muslim, Latino, and Western cultures. The African race is made up of many cultures. B. Babale is a male whom this writer interviewed. His and his family’s beliefs correlate with the Muslim religion, like the majority of the Northern African population. He was born in America; however his parents came here in 1981. Him, and his family have a strong belief in prayer and they have many customs with prayer. They pray many times a day (usually...
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...Carl Rodgers(1902-1987) is the individual most responsible for person centered counseling. He was the forth child in a family of six. Carl’s mother was a devout protestant with strict religious standards and was very hard on him and his brothers and sisters. Also, in spite of his he described the relationships in his family as warm and close. As a young child he as he pursued mainly scholarly interests. In addition, Carl was described as very socially introverted . As a result of this and his mother’s harsh treatment, he was discouraged from playing. While Carl was in his youth going through elementary and high school, he developed an active imagination, reflected on life, and concentrated on reading and doing his school work. Also, during this Carl lived on a farm and was responsible to do many chores,due to his parents stressing protestant ethic. Consequetly, he became very dependent and self disciplined. As a student in college he first studied agriculture, then history, then religion, and finally to clinical psychology. Also, in his college years, he was chosen to go to Bejing for the “World Student Federation Christian conference” While there he would learn about different religious philosophies and started to question his own beliefs on religion. As a result, this experience would shape his views of human behavior. The basis of the person centered theory in counseling is that it is a particular view of human nature that proposes that people are basically...
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...suffers from a drug and alcohol addiction. I will be talking about Lisa’s family background and her current situation as well. I will pick a counseling theory and briefly describe this theory in detail. I will then apply this theory to Lisa and her situation. The last thing that this paper will focus on will be why I choose this particular theory for Lisa. Case Conceptualization Lisa is a 32-year-old mother of two twin boys age eight. Lisa suffers from a long history of substance and alcohol abuse. Lisa has been using since the age of 12 and her addiction has only progressed worse over the years. Lisa has experimented with a variety of drugs from marijuana, cocaine and eventually to heroin. Lisa is prone to outbursts of violent behavior and being in life threatening situations. As a counselor it is very important for me to consider all aspects of Lisa’s life, so that I can apply the right theory and provide the best treatment for her. Family and Social Dynamics Lisa comes from a very dysfunctional family. Most of Lisa’s childhood was spent in poverty and despair. She saw her mother getting abused at an early age and usually tried to stop the abuse. Lisa’s father used heroin and eventually died of an overdose. Lisa was taught to survive early on by having to fight her brothers and male cousins. When applying a theory of counseling for Lisa one of the things that have to be considered is Lisa’s family origin and background. According to Johnson and Leff (1999)“COAs and children...
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