...problem Brick is unable to confront is his own, and Skipper's, latent homosexuality. On the other hand, there is Brick's father, a towering patriarch known as Big Daddy over whose inheritance the family fights over. In the same way Brick is unable to face realities about himself,...
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...gays have either never met a gay person or simply do not understand what homosexuality is. In the black community, masculinity is considered to be the most important feature of a man and if a man is a homosexual, this is not just a matter of his sexual preference, being gay automatically labels you as a “fagget”, a “sissy”, or basically less of a man. Many black families traditionally attend church and thus tend to be very religious. To them homosexuality is a sin. Procreation is highly valued in African American families. Since gay men cannot produce children that makes them an “unwanted” part of this community Metrosexual is a term that can be used to describe a heterosexual urban male who tends to be very considerate of his appearance and has a defined taste in fashion. Metrosexual guys are often called “Fags” because their style and interests may be somewhat different from those of a “manly man”, but this in no way makes them a homosexual. When most men in the black communities think of a gay man this image of a very feminine, metrosexual guy comes to mind. What they do not take into consideration is that one's sexual preference is what makes them gay, not what they are wearing or how they are acting. Black men see homosexuals as a threat to their masculinity. They often think that just because someone is gay they will automatically want to hit on any male that comes along. The notion of “Masculinity” is so deeply instilled into the black communities, many black men feel...
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...After being with a man for the first time he says, “I would be tortured till madness came, in which I would lose my manhood” (Baldwin, 9). In David’s head, masculinity comes with being the perfect man society has created and that doesn’t include homosexuality. He explains, “I wanted children…my manhood unquestioned, watching my women put my children to bed” (Baldwin, 104). David believes that the only way to go through life without having people questioning his masculinity is to be wed to a women and have a family. He is struggling to understand how he can be himself and still keep his masculinity. While struggling to find himself, David is also unable to see that he can maintain his masculinity and still be true to himself. While with Giovanni...
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...“Monster in the Closet:Homosexuality and the Horror Film” Harry M. Benshoff, the book examines the historical figure of the movie monster in connection to different medicinal, mental, religious and social models of homosexuality. Set in 1930’s Paris, starving musical vocalist Victoria (Julie Andrews) is supported by gay men club entertainer Toddy (Robert Preston). At the point when...
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...“Our value systems—our sexual standards—have many sources: parents, peers, religious training, ethnic subcultures, the larger culture, and our appraisal of all these influences” (Rathus et al., 2005, p. 5-6). Prior to this course, I legalism to form my values on sexual experiences. I was raised to believe that sex before marriage was wrong. I grew to use the situational ethics approach when I became an adult and I still use that value system after the course. Legalism refers to the approach that formulates a value system based on moral law (Rathus et al., 2005, p. 5-6). Situational ethics refers to basing decision-making on the situation at hand. Critical thinking plays a role in my sexual decision making. To be more specific, I used the principles of critical thinking when I lost my virginity at the age of 18. Prior to turning 18, I was taught that it was wrong to have sex before marriage. Even though I was taught that, I did not actually believe it. I was skeptical of what I was taught, so I examined other individuals’ experiences and also examined the assumptions that I would be wrong if I had sex before marriage. I listened to stories of people who waited and listened to stories of people who did not wait until marriage. Then I was cautious in drawing any kind of conclusions that it was wrong or right. I considered the alternative of not having sex before marriage and it did not appeal to me because I wanted to experience sex. After all, everyone else was doing...
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...Research Methodology This chapter presents the methodology which was employed in this study. This also includes the discussion of the sub-topics, namely research method, respondent’s instrument, validity and reliability data collection procedures, scoring procedures and statistical treatment of the variables. Research Method The main design used in the research is the descriptive method. This study utilized the quantitative method of research in evaluating the perceptions of the Cagayan Capitol College male homosexual students on father-son relationships. Respondents The respondents are male homosexual students in Cagayan Capitol College Campus. They are males who openly admitted their homosexuality to the researcher during the collection of data. The subjects came from the colleges of Commerce, Accountancy, Education, Nautical, Nursing, Physical Therapy and Engineering enrolled during the second semester of school year 2000-2001. The respondents who were chosen based on the availability of those respondents who were enrolled in the aforementioned semester and consent of the male homosexual students in the campus to respond to the study. Out of fifty (50) respondents who responded to the questionnaires only forty one made themselves available for interview. The other nine respondents were either unavailable or the time of the interview for reasons that were beyond control or they simply refused to be interviewed. Data Collection Procedures The collection...
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...B “You’re gay,” a term now used so freely to not only insult peers but to take a stab at the homosexual community. But was this homosexual stigma always prevalent in history? Over two thousand years ago, the ancient Roman state ruled most of the known world. During those five hundred years, emperors rose to power and fell, a republic formed and was destroyed but what perhaps is one the most important aspects of Roman society is free love. Homosexuality was not considered different nor was it considered an atrocity in the common roman man. In Rome, there was no special attention given to homosexuals or heterosexuals for that matter.[1] “…Roman men were not encouraged by their cultural heritage to categorize, much less evaluate or judge, sexual acts and agents on the basis of whether only males or females were involved…A study of Roman homosexuality would seem as incomplete and as peculiar to an ancient Roman as would a study of heterosexuality.”[2] The problem of same-sex activity lied within the persons committing the act and who was acting as the dominant one during the activity. It was very common for dinner guests or even the owners to take a young slave boy to bed and coerce him into a passive role. The passive role was considered akin to a woman’s role in sexual activity, which was considered below men. The men who engaged in the passive role are often referred to as cinaedus. “Here a second protocol governing men’s sexual behavior concerned the status of...
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...experiences and opinions of others who had waited to have sex or had sex before marriage. I used critical thinking when making my decisions, but was always cautious about drawing any kind of conclusions on what was right or wrong. I also considered the alternative, not having sex. I have to be honest, everyone else was having sex and I wanted to experience for myself. Having sex was actually a big deal for me, just like most teenagers. I have to be honest though, I wish I would have waited. I believe this is normal for most people. Scientific and historical perspectives have helped me form my opinions of numerous opinions. For example, in Ancient Greece was common and acceptable for men to have sexual relationships with adolescent boys. Homosexuality was more acceptable, and the historic...
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...of Japanese popular culture. Darling-Wolf suggests that SMAP's popularity is due to its careful construction of appeal and masculinity. SMAP is not well-known for their talents in singing, but rather for depicting Japanese personalities. Darling-Wolf refers to SMAP members as 'life-sized' pop idols (Aoyagi) who personifies a typical Japanese boy or girl which allows audiences to relate to them well. This is supported by Yano's research which highlights that fans form emotional bonds and connections with celebrities due to their charisma and personalities. Darling-Wolf that SMAP is popular is due to its intertextuality from appearing in TV shows, movies, talk shows and many more media forms which allows fans to feel a proximity or closeness. Intertextuality allows SMAP to be able to portray their personalities better and reach out to more audiences, which enables them to connect with their audience. Darling-Wolf argues that SMAP's fame is highly due to its constructed appeal of masculinity, which creates the 'perfect female fantasy'. SMAP members portray pluralities of masculinities which involve masculinity as a sensitive man and also a violent one. It is important to note that SMAP is always portrayed as the victim in a movie and though they may use violence, Darling-Wolf identifies that their violence is mitigated by their sensitive side of masculinity. An important argument made by Darling-Wolf is the hybridity of SMAP. They portray different racial characters, genders and...
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...Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia ABSTRACT The emphasis on a sexualised muscular body ideal in gay social and cultural settings has been described as facilitating body image dissatisfaction among gay men. Drawing on a concept of reflexive embodiment, this paper uses qualitative interviews to analyse gay men’s embodiment practices in relation to discourses and norms that can be found across and beyond any coherent notion of ‘gay subculture’. The findings reveal body image to be more complex than a limited focus on subculture or dissatisfaction can account for. In particular, gay men negotiate a gay pride discourse in which the muscular male body generates both social status and self-esteem, and deploy notions of everyday masculinity that imply rationality and control to resist gendered assumptions about gay men’s body image relationships. KEYWORDS: body image; gay men; reflexive embodiment; sociology INTRODUCTION Body image dissatisfaction and gay men Following the shift from individual pathol-ogy to cognitive-behavioural and feminist perspectives in psychology (McKinely 2002; Pruzinsky and Cash 2002), a significant volume of psychological and health research has identi-fied a greater incidence of body image dissatis-faction, and eating disordered behaviour among gay men relative, in particular, to heterosexual men (Boisvert and Harrell 2009; Chaney 2008; Conner et al. 2004; Duggan and McCreary 2004; Gil 2007; Levesque and Vichesky 2006; Martins...
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...Homosexuality in the Military Leondre L. Torrance Instructor: Lisa Smoot Sociology 17 February 2012 Introduction Modern controversy over the rights of gay people to serve in the military aside, the reality is that homosexuality as existing within the military is as old as the history of armed forces. Clearly, it cannot be otherwise, as homosexuality itself is an orientation within humanity, and consequently as old as mankind's origins. What changes is sociological perspective, and nowhere is this factor more keenly evident than in how the overt presence of homosexuality is acknowledged by the military and accepted by the societal base. Different cultures of different epochs have viewed this subject in varying ways, depending, not unexpectedly, on the belief systems in place in those cultures. No matter its direct purpose or size, the military of any nation must still be a representation of that nation's values. Consequently, the perceptions of each regarding homosexuality translate to how acceptable, or unacceptable, it is within the armed forces. It is therefore all the more interesting that the United States, arguably the most liberal and democratic of modern nations, has so long reflected an ambiguity, if not outright hostility, regarding gays in the military rarely seen in ancient, and supposedly less enlightened, eras. The U.S. consistently prides itself on a commitment to individual liberties, and most emphatically since the turbulence of the...
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...Ekke Kanda English 112 Vocal Performances in American Stand-Up Comedy In “Sounding Gendered: Vocal Performances”, Tom Delph-Janiurek argues that peoples voices are mediated by discourse (Giltrow 277). He explains that voices are interpreted through attribution to recognizable performances of roles and gendered and sexualized performances (Giltrow 276). According to Delph-Janiurek, voices are limited within the confines of certain societal hegemonic norms. He explains that the relationship between voices and bodies is not necessarily physiological; voices are vocal “performances”. There exists a pre-established gender duality within society, in which masculinity and the “male” voice is associated with the male body, and femininity and the “female” voice is associated with the female body. Thus, what is considered to be a “natural” voice is merely a choice made by an individual as to which of the two sides of duality they identify with more (Gamson). This choice is a representation of a gendered and sexualized identity that is influenced by discourse. Gender norms dictate that males identify with the more masculine voice, with a lower pitch and only slight increases in intonation. The stereotypical female voice, on the other hand, is more high pitched, with more variation in intonation (Bonds-Raacke). With this in consideration, Delph Janiurek’s thesis is that voices have a “geography”, and that they can be authored in a certain way within certain societal “spaces” (Giltrow...
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...is greatly emphasized throughout Islam teachings and through devices such as the Fiqh and Quran. While many unknowingly assume that such a religion avoids the concepts of variations in lifestyles such as homosexuality, Islam actually teaches an understanding that these behaviours exist however In following the 5 pillars, acts such as homosexuality and adultery are temptations that must be resisted in living the life Allah wishes apon his followers. According to the prophet Mohammed a warning of “do not gaze at beadless youth, for they have eyes more temoting than the houris”[1]. Under general consensus within Islam, to be homosexual creates a perversion and deviation from the tasks of man and women as laid out by the quran. Not only due to the issues of contradictions in masculinity and power, emphasis can be found as frowning apon the acts of homosexual due to health reasons and their link with diseases. Yet whether the act is so harshly classified as non muslim is debatable amongst many scholars and interpretations vary from scholar to scholar throughout periods of time. The possibility of homosexual relationships are recognised with the fiqh, however the majority of jurists focus on forms of prevention and regulation than to the actual act itself. It is not only homosexuality that is an issue for many muslim believers but all sexual behaviour that limit or...
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...became the first open gay player to enter the NFL draft and eventually would be selected in the draft by the St. Louis Rams. He announced he was gay back in February and ever since them he was the main focal point of the NFL up until the Draft. The main point of this paper is to take basic ideologies such as masculinity, violence, Race, Gender, sexuality or meritocracy, and use these ideologies to analyze how the media portrays Michael Sam. Another point that will be touched upon is how the news media and sport media have different ways of portraying Michael Sam in the media. Methods: The first thing I did to conduct my research was to find 10 media sources that were related to how the media portrayed Michael Sam. In these 10 media sources I was looking for different types of ideologies and how the media used these articles to describe Michael Sam. Once I found 10 media Articles I needed to find 2 more Academic articles. It was going to be hard to find an Academic article on Michael Sam because he announced he was gay in February, so I improvised. When searching for my academic articles I searched for sources that would be associated with Michael Sam such as black masculinity, or an article on changing the way sport reporters examine gay athletes. These articles don’t necessarily talk about Michael Sam but they help give a better...
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...bringing the family income. The man, in turn, is a stay at home father and raises his son as such while the mother is more distant. Is it safe to say that your family’s house hold will be the reason for your son being homosexual? Or is safe to say that your son’s homosexuality isn’t a result of your family’s way of life but that your family’s way of life is not of God due to the lack of gender roles? The presence of or lack of parental gender roles and stereotypes have an effect on a developing child. Concerning the debate over the necessity of parental gender roles, I support the position that parental gender roles are unnecessary while raising children. I stand against the opposing position that parental gender roles are necessary and that the child will be hindered without them. In the first section of this paper, I will explain the first opposing argument, which states that parental gender roles are a necessity in the Christian faith. I will disprove this argument by stating that the Holy Bible has not been proven to withhold un-tampered words from the Lord. In the second section, I will examine the second opposing argument, which states that the lack of parental gender roles will create sex role insecurity and homosexuality. I will disprove this argument by stating that there is not only insufficient evidence to support this claim but also there is a logical fallacy within the argument. I will finish this paper with main arguments that support my opposition that parental gender...
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