...The buying and selling of organs is a huge business for Europe's poorest country, Moldova. According to organ trafficking specialists, Moldova is one of the key suppliers to the world organ trade and Moldovan kidneys are the cheapest priced in Europe. The country is one of the top 3 suppliers in the thriving global black market in organ sales, according to a just-released report on organ trafficking. According to the report, a record rise in human organ-farming has made Moldova one of the leading source countries although with just over 3 million inhabitants it is much smaller in size than the world's two other organ trafficking centers, Brazil (184 million people) and India (1.12 billion people). The prominent position of Moldova in the illegal organ trade is because "this place is a black hole, no one cares about the population and government officials can just do what they want," in the words of a lawyer who recently left Moldova and today lives near Copenhagen, Denmark. Along with Brazil and India, Reuters has named Moldova is one of the top 3 source countries in the world for organs. Worldwide, the buying and selling of organs is a huge business, and the export of human raw material is bringing hard currency to Moldova. Officially listed as Europe's poorest country, Moldova is now the West's center for the illegal organ trade. The country shares a common border with the European Union, but is officially outside EU jurisdiction and not subject to international scrutiny...
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...Report on organ sales Peng Yl Tutor: F.Yang Study skills 6/12 International Business Class 5 Table of contents 1. Executive summary This report was to research whether we should legalize the sale of human organs. It examined the cases about organ sales all over the world. The major methodology is case study of quality research. The main findings were that situation of organ translation and sales in entire world. It was concluded that legalize the sales of human organs can not make more people get rescue and the sale of human organs is a kind of crime. The recommendations are that organ sales should be banned and society needs a law to control the black market. 2. Introduction Here is the report concerning about whether we should legalize the sale of human organs. People has discussed about it for a long time. According to public reports, China has become the world's second largest organ transplantation country. In China, There are about ten thousand cases of transplant operation each year. Besides, millions of patients are waiting for organ transplants. Under the serious imbalance of organ supply, some patients tend to buy organs through black market. It resulted in the formation of underground organ trading chain. My assumption in this report is organ sales can not be legalized. The scopes of this report are the cases about organ sales all over the world. The methodology I used is quality research...
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...ETHICAL ISSUES IN HEALTH To evaluate the impact of moral philosophy on medical practice we must first look at what a moral philosophy is, also which philosophies that will be included. Moral philosophy is the area of philosophy concerned with theories of ethics, with how we ought to live our lives. Deontology and utilitarianism are the two philosophies that I shall be evaluating and applying throughout this essay. These are two time-honoured philosophical positions that apply to a wide variety of topics. Deontology is an ethical system that is attributed to the philosophical tradition of Immanuel Kant. Deontology demands that the actions, or means themselves must be ethical. This philosophy is based upon principles of duty and obligation, we have the freedom to act morally (right) or otherwise (wrong) based on General Universal Laws. To respect life means that you must not kill, to respect others is not to steal these moral laws are black and white as you must do what is right and do not do what is wrong regardless of circumstance or outcome. Deontologists argue that there are transcendent ethical norms and truths that are universally applicable to all people. Deontology holds that some actions are immoral regardless of their consequence; these actions are wrong in and of themselves. We should not act out of feeling, inclination, love or compassion, but out of our moral duty according to the universal moral laws. Kant gives a ‘categorical imperative’ to act morally at all times...
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...Food-web Diagram Janice Spencer BIO/101 December 15, 2014 Food-web Diagram As defined in Chapter 20 of our text from week five, an ecosystem is a biological community and the abiotic factors with which the community interacts. In order to maintain, the energy must flow continuously through an ecosystem, from producers to consumers and decomposers. Trophic relationships determine an ecosystem’s routes of energy flow and chemical cycling (Simon, Dickey, & Reece, 2013). According to the text in chapter 20, ecologists are working to revitalize some ecosystems by planting native vegetation, removing barriers to wildlife, and other means. There are hundreds of restoration projects under way in the United States to help restore ecosystems to their natural state. One of the most ambitious endeavors is the Kissimmee River Restoration Project in south-central Florida. Each year the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water Management District releases a comprehensive report evaluating monitoring of data within the ecosystem of the Everglades. This information is available online at http://www.bit.ly/SSR 2014. According to research, “the Everglades contain a vast array of plants and animals that have adapted to the wet subtropical environment.” A few examples include birds such as the whooping crane, great blue, white, and tricolored herons, wood stork, and the cape-sable seaside sparrow. Land mammals such as the raccoon, skunk, opossum, bobcat and the white-tail...
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...HUMAN TRAFFICKING A SEMINAR PAPER PREPARED BY ELEGBOGUN OSERERE JULIET COURSE TITLE: CLASSICAL THEORIES OF CRIME, DELINQUENCY AND SECURITIES COURSE CODE: 800 IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER IN CRIMINOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS LECTURER : PROFESSOR SOYOMBO OMOLOLU FEBRUARY, 2013. ABSTRACT With the rapidly increasing rate of migration – a by-product of a more globalised world – human traffickers have greater opportunities to exploit those who migrate to other States. First, human trafficking is driven by poverty and international productivity/living quality disparities. Second, the existing humanitarian and/or suppressive approaches cannot solve the problem. Third, the best option for solving the problem is setting up the ‘reciprocal direct investment’ (RDI) scheme between leading and lagged economies. The RDI scheme can facilitate improvements in the quality of public governance in lagged economies and...
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...as drastically as some may believe it might. The statuses of the world’s powers have shifted, through the use of diplomacy, and war, but how much can the world truly change in the future? In the field of medicine, there have been many advancements in the ways that some common sicknesses can be treated, and even prevented all together. Although some of the most likely ailments for humans every year can not be totally prevented, the technology of the future might see better antibiotic production methods, and distribution techniques to allow for more individuals receiving treatment sooner, rather than allowing for a greater spread of the illness. A greater contribution that might be seen is the ability to build useable organs from a lab, and not requiring someone to die before someone receives the needed organ. “A company called Organovo has developed the first commercial 3-D bio printer that builds custom organs cell-by-cell. Each individual cell is based upon sample cells from the body of the customer. Organovo reports that veins and arteries will be available in 5 years, and more complex organs like hearts and livers in 10.”(Lejuwaan, Jordan) The way that people see the world, and the lifestyles that they live have drastically changed with the introduction of smartphones, and the internet to there every day lives. With such power at our fingertips one might wonder how something that seems so complete could even become more advanced. “In the very near future, another huge...
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...it, we all feel, but just how important is it? How much does stress influence our daily lives? How much does stress influence our lives long-term? Can stress Kill us? Is it all bad? I. BACKGROUND In 1925 a second year medical student named Hans Selye observed that people suffering from a wide variety of somatic (physical) disorders all seemed to have the same or similar symptoms. For example, many of these people reported: decreased appetite, decreased muscular strength and endurance, and lowered levels of ambition or drive. Selye, unable to find a common disease or disorder to explain these behaviors, called this group of symptoms, the SYNDROME OF JUST BEING SICK. In addition, he found that these symptoms occurred whenever: the human organism needed to adapt to a changing internal or external environment. This was the first observation and identification that eventually led to the term STRESSAt first, Selye defined STRESS as, a nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it. Even this initial definition implies that not all stress is a result of "bad" things happening to us. Later, his JUST BEING SICK syndrome evolved into the GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME which he defined as, the physiological processes and results of stress. From this, we get a modern, more comprehensive definition of STRESS: a psychological and physical response of the body that occurs whenever we must adapt to changing conditions, whether those conditions be real or perceived. III...
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...why the specific aspects of the individual's sex and kid's weeknesses should be regarded. The sufferers are trafficked through several indicates of coercion or techniques of hoaxing for plenty of aggressive and exploitation rifle scopes. It has been noticed that most the sufferers exchanged from Southern to Main and European European countries and also to Northern The united states and Japan, are females trafficked for pressured prostitution. Although due to the surreptitious personality of this criminal activity, any available figure or data does not signify the real condition of the things. The visitors in reasons other than prostitution, such as pressured weddings and pressured labor etc, does not entice enough attention of the law organs; therefore the potential of the sufferers to get help is restricted. The state policies and the rules of many nations have the propensity to decrease the chance of getting some complicated actions on the matter of the issue of visitors with purpose of pressured prostitution. Although, in the last several years, within the structure of worldwide controversy and especially in the material of UN records, has showed up a confidence that the reasons for which the individuals are trafficked and the methods in which it is done are different and completely modifying, the platform components of this kind of visitors stay the same. Thus, a common conform which regards the meaning of visitors, such as both the one with females and with men with whatever...
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...technology forgotten while making life easier for people all over the world. One such innovation is the navigation tools that we have today such as Google Maps. Personally, if I am in a new city, without the help of these navigation tools, I would be completely lost. These handy online navigation tools show you not only directions to a certain place, but also where major changes have occurred in your area on updates miles of roads and points of interest. These navigation systems are not only built-in in our cars, but are also available for download on our smartphones. A lot of people prefer the ones on their phones because they seem to be much more accurate. Along with the directions, these tools will also tell the person the amount of traffic and real time to get to the destination. It also has options to choose from and consider which one of those is the least driving time. Navigation tools also update information on their systems, which majorly helps someone who is constantly travelling and need these tools to be as accurate as possible. These updates represent everything from highways and byways, to country roads and city streets. This updates road or street could be the expressway you take to work or where your favorite restaurant used to be. Either way, if you have a navigation tool, it should help you obtain the latest information regarding the roads in and around your area. Furthermore, everyone knows that there is nothing more frustrating that looking for a place...
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...and mainly focuses on sexual exploitation. The Convention on the Suppression of Traffic of Persons and the Exploitation for Prostitution of Others, 1949 was the foremost United Nations instrument that specifically addressed the definition and other related issues of trafficking. This convention was ratified by only 60 countries and remains largely unused and moribund till date. This convention has been regarded as abolitionist in nature by those countries which have legalized or regulated...
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...Organ Donation: Legalizing Human Kidney Sales The process of organ donation has existed for many years and throughout that time the system has endured controversies and changes. One of those changes occurred in the late 1960s when the development of immunosuppressive drugs made it possible for people to donate organs to patients who were not related to them (Fentiman 43). This discovery benefited many patients in need of a transplant, but also opened the door to controversies such as organ sales. The first proposal to sell organs came from Virginia physician Dr. H. Barry Jacobs in 1983. He suggested that whoever could afford to buy a kidney should be allowed to do so. As a result of Dr. Jacobs’s proposal, Congress banned the sale of organs in 1984, and that law still exists today (Meckler A.1). Another change in organ donation happened in 1968, when the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act was introduced. This tried to increase the donor pool and make donating a person’s organs at his or her time of death easier. The act, however, did not raise the donation pool enough to keep up with the organ transplant waiting list (Fentiman 43). The waiting list is the topic of another controversy that has been occurring for several years and still exists today. Currently, there are 98,010 people on the waiting list, and 74,260 of those people are waiting for a kidney transplant (Alexander A1; “Paying Donors . . . ” 8A). Chelsea Lopez is one of those patients hoping to receive that life-saving donation...
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...Case Study 1 Joseph’s Story Joseph’s story B. Assuming Joseph’s heart has stopped, what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by the loss of oxygen, blood glucose, and waste removal? The heart must pump blood throughout the body and carry oxygen and glucose to all the organs of the body to maintain life or homeostasis. Without blood flow and the ability to produce ATP the blood will thick, making it harder to flow. The body and the cell’s within the body will die (www.ptdirect.com, 2015). C. Which intracellular organelle have membranes as part of their structure? How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart? All intracellular organelles have membranes, (www.Nature.com/scitable/topicpage/cell-membranes-14052567). Cytosol consist of ATP that transfers nutrients to the cardiac muscle and throughout the body (Anatomy and Physiology third edition, pg. 76). Without ATP being carried to the cardiac heart muscle through the cytosol it cannot receive proteins and nutrients. The function of the heart if affected and the cell membranes are damaged and can die. D. Two important pieces of information- the instructions Joseph’s body needs to repair itself and his predisposition for vascular disease- are both contained within the cells on which structures? Joseph has a family history for cardiovascular disease. The predisposition is within the power house of the cell called mitochondrial DNA (Anatomy and...
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...Health is often defined as complete physical, social, and mental wellbeing; not only the absence of sickness. It is shown that the effects of climate change in the Anthropocene era have an impact on all aspects of human health. While illness and disease are constant elements of human existence, the causes and ways in which they are treated is constantly evolving. Using an ecological framework to examine human sickness and health reminds us that there is no sole cause of either—and that public health is impacted by many—often interacting—elements on both the individual and global level. Professor Monica White defines the Anthropocene as the “current geological period where human activity has been the dominant influence on climate and environment” (White 2/1/2018). The changing climate of the Anthropocene era plays a large role in impacting human health and disease-- from disease outbreaks to natural disasters the effects of climate change have a monumental impact on sickness and health. As an example, the raising global temperatures cause mosquitos to become...
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...In his own version of a dystopian England in the 1990s, Ishiguro presents two distinct classes in a power driven culture in which one class works and the other gains the benefits. In the novel, Kathy notes that the recovery centers are run at minimum costs to maximize profit. Specifically, Kathy says: “you can always hear traffic on the big roads beyond the fencing, and there’s a general feeling they never properly finished converting the place” (Ishiguro). In the beginning of the novel, Kathy mentions a higher class “they” Who hold complete control and get to decide how long she gets to work as a carer. Throughout the story, it is learned that there are people in society who receive the organs donated by the clones. Through Kathy’s descriptive...
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...ULTRASOUND TRANSMISSION AND NETWORKING SYSTEM IN A HOSPITAL NAME: INSTITUTION: Introduction Ultrasound is sound frequencies waves with which are normally higher than those audible to human beings; Ultrasound is used in navigational, electronic, industrial, and also security applications. It is also used in medicine to view internal part/organs of the body of a human being such as muscles, joints, tendons, vessels and internal organs. Its aim is often to exclude any pathology or to find a source of a disease. The practice of examining pregnant women using ultrasound is called obstetric ultrasound and is widely used. Ultrasound machines will differ basing on the features that they mainly offer, (Dion, et al 2002) . The features may comprise freezing an image, image storage, standby mode in saving battery power and ergonomic design, and also water and dust resistance, even oil resistance. There will also be a variety of weights and sizes, ease of use, workflow, durability and service. In the hospital setup, transmitting ultrasound images from the ICU to the main hospital, the outpatient and other relevant hospital departments will entirely depend on the size of the hospital/clinic, some technicians, quality, and versatility of images and videos and storage expected. High-quality ultrasound machines will, therefore, give quality images, videos and any scanned document hence making easing the work and offering quality services while meeting the hospital goals. It is, therefore,...
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