...ethnic identity and ego identity status among adolescents and young adults Curtis W. Branch*, Priti Tayal, Carla Triplett Columbia University, New York, USA Abstract A multi-ethnic sample of 248, ages 13–26, was used to examine the effects of age, gender, and ethnic group membership on ethnic identity and ego identity scores. Subjects were recruited from college and public schools in a large northeastern metropolitan area. The multigroup ethnic identity measure (MEIM) was used to assess ethnic identity and ego identity status was measured by the extended objective measure of ego identity status (EOMEIS). An age by ethnic group design was employed. Consistent findings of significant ethnic group differences in levels of ethnic identity were observed. Age and ethnic group were found to contribute differently to ethnic identity and ego identity status. The relationship between ethnic identity and ego identity status was found to be pronounced among subjects of color but not as dramatic as hypothesized. # 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Ego identity status; Ethnic identity; Adolescents; Adults 1. Introduction The ways adolescents attempt to resolve their identity crises are idiosyncratic to each individual and their life circumstances. Despite such diversity of approach to the ‘‘Who am I?’’ question, some variables seem to consistently contribute to the adolescent identity resolution process. Family type (one- vs. two-parents), socioeconomic status, and...
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...The sound of music! Blouse, skirt and a much more conservative hairstyle. According to J.Campbell (personal communication, June 20th 2013.) I would not only change my style of dress my attitude would adjust in relation to whatever dress sense I choose. For example I would ouite often have an attitude of ignorance and staunchness to match my 'gangsta' look, whereas I tended to be a whole new person when dressed like Julie Andrews, behaving alit more conservative and polite. I simply asked my self regularly, " who am I?", "where do i fit in?" And "where will I end up?". This personal observation relates to Erik Eriksons concept of Identity crisis, in adolescence. A concept that relates to Erik Eriksons, fifth stage of psychosocial development. The stage of psychosocial development in which identity crisis may occur is called, Identity versus Role Confusion. This life stage takes place between the ages of eleven and eighteen. During adolescence, we are faced...
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...Discuss the impact of chronic medical conditions on adolescents (12-18yo) and identify ways of promoting resilience or positive development (1300 min-1500 max words). A chronic or long-term illness results in major physical and psychological changes to the individual. The illness requires them to adjust to the burdens of the therapy implicated to treat the condition. There are multiple emotional, cognitive, motivational and behavioral factors that are stressed during the ongoing illness that hinders the individuals ability to develop and function healthily within Sigmund Freuds psychodynamic structure. Additional theories according to B.F Skinner, Mccrae & Costa and Carl Rogers compliment the idea that chronic illness will impact the individual’s ability to keep a positive self-esteem and develop socially and autonomously through adolescents. We will look into the specific factors that are impacted by chronic illness’, how exactly they relate to the responses of adolescent individual, how it affects their relationships with families and medical staff, and identify ways in which we can promote positive development despite the burden of a wide range of chronic illness’. For Adolescents and young adults, gaining autonomy is essential which is imposed while enduring management of a chronic illness. Obviously with illness’ such as cancer, Sickle cell disease, Cystic Fibrosis and asthma; the vulnerability involved with daily activities directly affect ones confidence in behaving...
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...Art Midterm Review Visual Elements are generally considered to be line, color, shape, texture, space, and value Principles of Design are generally considered to by unity, variety, harmony, balance, rhythm, and emphasis. REVIEW ALL QUIZZES AND POWERPOINTS Vocabulary 1. Heritage: what we have inherited from a specific sociocultural group’s history and utilize in our lives 2. Personal cultural identity: aspects include: age, gender and sexuality, social and economic class, exceptionality, geographic location, religion, political status, language, ethnicity, and racial designation. Influenced heavily by the surrounding culture. The individual’s role in these groups depends on the individual’s power and acts of discrimination. There is no such thing as African American culture, Jewish culture, or Native American culture. Key Concepts: Understand why we can only have a partial/temporal understanding of a cultural group. Understand and be familiar with the concept of personal cultural identity. 3. Indigenismo: a Latin American idea and movement pressing for a greater social and political role for the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, and the revindication of indigenous rights and including compensation for past wrongdoings of the colonial and republican states. “the search for indigenous roots.” 4. Los Tres Grandes: They all share the common art form of Mural painting; they are Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros. “Los...
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...Chapter 1 The Problem and its Background Introduction Fraternity is one of the most influential groups that students may encounter during his/her college days. When we hear fraternity, commonly it belongs to men but as the years passed, even women are also being engaged with fraternities or the so called sorority. As an individual, we have this feeling that we need to belong. It is very essential for man to find fulfillment and to have a feeling of acceptance simply because man by nature is a social being. Adolescents were the ones who are always involve in fraternities. Adolescents, as said by many psychologists or theorists, it is the critical stage of life. It is accompanied by many changes that bring crisis and difficulties, and these changes include physical, mental, emotional and social. Physical changes were very visible and very observable thing that takes place during adolescence. But the social aspect of adolescents also changes. It is the time when an individual searches and identifies himself through socialization. The prior environment of every individual is the family. But as we continue to grow, it broadens extending to friends and peers in school. Adolescents begin to search for new friends and start to form or join any group that makes them think of joining one of these. Adjustment in the society is one of the most difficult aspects and includes the members of the opposite sex and adult outside family members and also the school environment. Being...
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...Introduction In analysis of diversity in my community, the race relations are moderate and tolerable in my neighborhood with exceptions. In recent years diversity has expanded to increase the importance and acceptability in non-controlled environments that allows personal growth in race relations within communities. The fundamentals of exposing oneself to the particulars of race challenges provide an interesting investigation to how current experiences are now different than ten years ago. The review of my neighborhood proves the notion on how promising diversity has changed the local community. Perspectives in Race in the Community Currently living in the suburbs, the neighborhood has a 2 to 1 ratio, in which, the majority is the minority race in the community. In my immediate neighborhood, the experience with my fellow neighbors are a welcoming aspect due to the flexibility of tolerance. The diversified demographics within my community are races from different ethnicity not just black and white but Latinos, Mexicans, Jamaicans, and Japanese. The perspective in my community provides an understanding how diversity enriches the awareness of other cultural lifestyles within the context of interaction with different ethnic groups. Do members of your community look like you? In what ways do they look the same or different? The members in my community are welcoming and thoughtful by projecting respectfulness in sharing the same amenities in the neighborhood without conflict...
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...Week 6 Lecture 1: Decision Making Individuals Definition of decision making: it is a process of making a choice among several action alternatives. It involves a commitment of resources to some course of action. Assumptions of rational decision making model: Problem clarity: clearly defined and unambiguous Know options: identify all relevant criteria and viable alternatives in an unbiased manner Clear preferences: the criteria and alternatives can be ranked and weighted. Constant preferences: constant decision criteria and weights assigned to them are stable over time No time/cost constraints: full information is available Maximum payoff: the choice alternative will yield the highest economic value (a rational decision making process: define the problem—identify the criteria—allocate weights to the criteria—develop alternatives—evaluate the alternatives—select the best alternative Types of judgments and decisions: Normative: how X should be chosen/ judged in optimal/ rational conditions Descriptive: how X actually gets chosen/ judged The reasons why descriptive decisions are different from normative decisions: Bounded rationality: time cost constraints; incomplete information; perceptiual errors in obtaining information; cognitive load in information retention and performing caluculations Bounded decision making: We seek solutions that are the best given the information that is available; that are satisfactory (good enough) We satisfice rather than...
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...are projected to become even more important in the future due to increasing differences in the population of many countries. Companies need to focus on diversity and look for ways to become totally inclusive organizations because diversity has the potential of yielding greater productivity and competitive advantages. Managing and valuing diversity is a key component of effective people management, which can improve workplace productivity. Unmanaged diversity in the workplace might become an obstacle for achieving organizational goals. Therefore diversity can be perceived as a “double-edged sword”. 2. Concepts of Diversity Diversity is a subjective phenomenon, created by group members themselves who on the basis of their different social identities categorize others as similar ...
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...Chapter 1: The business systems of Asia Variety in the regional and general features Civilizational traditions • Confucianism • Taoism • Buddhism • Islam • Catholicism Historical external influences • Colonies • India establishing trading connections, mostly in South East Asia • Chinese who left China and settled as business people in the countries around the rim of the South China sea Periods: 1. 1945-1975 After the retreat of colonial powers, countries needed to reestablish their identity and political structures → hostility + Maoist experiments in China 2. 1975-1997 Relative calm period, stable growth, export to foreign countries, rise in FDI a. Mao’s death: collapse of communism → socialist market economy b. Japanese miracle c. Impressive growth of the South-Korean economy 3. Ersatz capitalism → Asian crisis in 1997: inefficient use of capital was covered up by the availability of easy money from governments, optimistic foreign investors lured by the emerging markets. The system could not keep up the pretence as it became sensitive to a downturn in the economic cycle which hit the region in 1997. → End of easy money and beginnings of reforms. 4. After 1997, reforms: • Improvements to accountability and disclosure in the financing of industry • Reduction of favoritism and corruption during control of licenses and capital • Opening of markets to foreign competition • Adoption of international standards in accounting, trading, IPR • General rise...
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...“Discuss the contribution of Actor-Network Theory to our understanding of management accounting and control in organisations that have adopted ERPS technologies.” Over the past decade, management accounting has seen an extraordinary rise in technology driven innovations, whereby Hyvonen (2008) explains how this has contributed to the emergence of virtual organisations. The power of ICT plays a pivotal role in many organisations, through providing a basis for managing efficient operations and formulating corporate strategy. Moreover, Bhimani et al (2008) explains how ICT provides the opportunity to alleviate the problems associated with information flows in organisations with fragmented information systems. In practice, Hyvonen (2008) notes that the centralised control of large organisations requires ICT systems that make the periphery visible to the centre. The enterprise wide resource planning system (ERP System) is an example of an ICT system which coordinates all the resources, activities and corporate information of an organisation into one central database that collects data and feeds it into multiple applications that support all business activities of an organisation. Furthermore, it has been suggested that such systems facilitate unprecedented levels of organisational integration (Dechow and Mouritsen, 2005) and thus ERP systems have provided a new platform for organisations to thrive and develop a competitive advantage. Actor-Network Theory is a constructivist and...
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...Int. J. Human-Computer Studies 68 (2010) 719–728 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijhcs Cultural differences, experience with social networks and the nature of ‘‘true commitment’’ in Facebook Asimina Vasaloua,n, Adam N. Joinsona, Delphine Courvoisierb a School of Management, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK Geneva University Hospitals 6, rue Perret-Gentil, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland b Received 9 January 2009; received in revised form 3 March 2010; accepted 2 June 2010 Communicated by S. Wiedenbeck Available online 9 June 2010 Abstract Formed on an analysis of design practices, the behaviour chain model stipulates that social network designer’s ultimate aim is to encourage users to adopt the social network site by entering a phase of true commitment. During this phase, social network users are driven to connect to known or unknown others by engaging in instrumental uses that create value and content and involve others, while staying active and loyal by investing time in the site. This paper investigates how designer’s intentions, as captured by the behaviour chain model, materialise through users’ reported practices in the social network site Facebook. A total of 423 Facebook users from 5 countries answered a questionnaire that allowed us to examine how 2 user characteristics, experience with the site, and culture, shape the nature of true commitment. Our findings show that experience with the site and even more so, culture, have an effect on users’ motivations...
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...nineteenth-century women. That she was raised a Christian provides a gloss of civilization to her. Anne Mellor in her book Mary Shelley: Her Life, Her Fiction, Her Monsters interprets Safie as the incarnation of Shelley’s mother Mary Wollstonecraft, who like Safie, also traveled alone in Europe. In the end, Safie becomes the loving companion of Felix and disappears into the gender structure of society. Wollstonecraft, an intellectual equal with her husband William Godwin, would never live the life she envisioned for women outlined in A Vindication of the Rights of Women. Shelley, like Safie’s character and her own mother, had to negotiate around the limitations imposed on women by a patriarchal society. In her article The Ghost of Self: Female Identity in Mary’ Shelley’s Frankenstein, Vanessa Dickerson describes the women in the novel as “so devoid of impurity, flaw and will that they hardly seem important or visible.” Elizabeth is “docile and good tempered, yet gay and playful as a summer insect” (29). The one-dimensional personality is a front for the women who suffer silently. Their suffering in the novel, however, is only important as it affects their male counterparts constitution. After the death of Justine, Victor laments, ”Elizabeth was sad and desponding; She was no longer the happy creature who in earlier youth wandered with me on the banks of the lake, and talked with ecstasy of our future prospects” (95). In contrast, the men are dynamically expressive, tormented, and...
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...New Social Movements In Nepal Introduction Nepal has undergone three major movements during and after the end of the hundred years of Rana Oligarchy in 1950, 1990 and 2006. These movements did not only change the political power, but also substantively affected the structure of the prevalent Nepalese society. Hereupon, ethnic, Dalit, women and Madesh movement with the demand of identity and inclusion have been reaching their peak in these recent years. We can analyze all these movements of Nepal under the important and essential theory of New Social Movement. The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) fought twelve years People's war under the doctrine developed by Mao Tse-tung of China, but raised many issues highly influenced by the New Social Movement such as ethnic, gender, Dalit and Madesh related to the identity and human rights, not based on socialism or communism. The article 'New Social Movements: of the Early Nineteenth Century' written by Craig Calhoun is important to make our perception on the various social movements of Nepal. It is new concept in the sociological theory which was developed after only 1968, different than old social movements like the Marxism, socialism and labour movement of the past. Most of the contemporary social movements are emerged outside the mainstream political system, political parties and formal institutional life and inspired by the non-hierarchical, participatory form of democracy, human rights, social justice, environmental preservation...
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...1. What are the most relevant dimensions to use to segment the patient market for ED treatment? Select only the most relevant! The most relevant dimensions to use in order to create useful segments for Cialis are: 1. Age 2. Demographic Demographic Marital Status 3. Income 4. Education 5. Psychographic Psychographic Life Stage/Occupation (Student, Employed or Retired) 6. Values 7. Usage Patterns Firstly, age is a valuable dimension due to the strong positive correlation to erectile dysfunction (ED) incidence. Secondly, as shown in the demographic data presented by Lilly ICOS, most men who suffer from ED are either married or living together with their partner. Being the influence of the spouse one of the strongest factors in seeking solutions for ED, this reveals as an essential dimension to include in our study. Thirdly, taking into account income and education allows us to explore different purchasing powers and also how different people perceive and sense the product. Concerning the usage patterns, I believe the best way to ungroup potential customers is to consider the 3 groups suggested by Lilly ICOS’ study: Viagra current users; Viagra dropouts; never used Viagra. By considering this, helpful advices may be provided about the best, most effective way to approach different types of customers. Thereby, there could emerge a lot of different segments, but only a few of them would be relevant to Cialis. This way, restraining our analysis...
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...The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science http://ann.sagepub.com/ Capital, Consumption, Communication, and Citizenship: The Social Positioning of Taste and Civic Culture in the United States Lewis Friedland, Dhavan V. Shah, Nam-Jin Lee, Mark A. Rademacher, Lucy Atkinson and Thomas Hove The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2007 611: 31 DOI: 10.1177/0002716206298694 The online version of this article can be found at: http://ann.sagepub.com/content/611/1/31 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: American Academy of Political and Social Science Additional services and information for The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science can be found at: Email Alerts: http://ann.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://ann.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://ann.sagepub.com/content/611/1/31.refs.html >> Version of Record - Apr 30, 2007 What is This? Downloaded from ann.sagepub.com at NATIONAL UNIV SINGAPORE on October 14, 2011 Capital, Consumption, Communication, and Citizenship: The Social Positioning of Taste and Civic Culture in the United States By LEWIS FRIEDLAND, DHAVAN V. SHAH, NAM-JIN LEE, MARK A. RADEMACHER, LUCY ATKINSON, and THOMAS HOVE In this article, the authors analyze the field of cultural consumption in the United States. Using...
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