...One of the reasons why Africa was and is so highly appealing to outsiders is because it is amongst the world’s greatest water and mineral resources(381). The modern European colonization of Africa was begun by the Portuguese. They established trading stations on the coast in the 15th and 16th centuries. The interior of what Europeans called "the Dark Continent", however, was not explored or colonized until the 19th century. By the early 20th century nearly all of Africa had been subjected to European rule. During early explorations Europeans, the Portuguese to be specific, took immediate notice to the wealth of the African continent by building forts at coastal trading posts in Western Africa, where ships could be loaded with the local slaves, gold, ivory, and palm products in exchange for alcohol, guns, and sugar; the vast wealth of certain areas in the Western African coast were given nicknames such as, Ivory Coast, Gold Coast, and Slave Coast for their chief products. Portuguese ships took gold from Eastern Africa to pay for the silks and spices of Asia(389). This world region has clear, mainly coastal, boundaries. In the colonial late 1800s and early 1900s, trade routes and connections moved away from the land crossing of the Sahara that connected northernmost Africa with the rest of the continent and toward the ocean routes linked with the expanding European global economy(380). Africa has a wealth of natural resources. Overall, however, Africa's potential mineral resources...
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...The History of Coffee In 1637 a meeting place in Oxford started to sell a new hot bitter drink, which had just been introduced into Britain. This drink was called coffee, which was soon to become very fashionable amongst the well to do. Coffee had been discovered in Ethiopia thousands of years before. At this time the local tribes mixed the fruit of coffee plants with fat and ate them. Before AD 1000 the Arabs used coffee cherries to make cold drinks. Within 200 years a hot drink made from coffee beans was available throughout the Middle East. Coffee Houses – the Beginning In the early 17th Century, traders brought coffee to Europe. Pope Clement VIII (1536-1605) gave coffee his blessing and the first coffee house opened in Italy. Coffee houses opened all over Europe and they became popular places to meet friends or conduct business. It is rumoured that Lloyd’s Insurance and the Stock Exchange both developed from the 17th Century coffee houses. Coffee is grown mainly in Brazil, Colombia, Ivory Coast, Uganda and Central America. The berry is ground and used in most countries as a breakfast beverage. Chocolate Chocolate starts life as a bean within a pod produced by the cocoa plant. Today, the beans are produced from West African trees. The pods are harvested and the beans are left to ferment. The beans are stored in a temperature of 500O C between layers of banana leaves and left for 5-6 days. After this, the beans are dried in the sun...
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...of Startbucks Coffee By Trina Howell Q1. Why is the price of Starbucks coffee rising? Please explain. Answer: There are many factors to include when considering the economic reasoning behind Starbucks raising its prices. The company, in their news release stated that their costs are going up including energy and fuel, however there is much more to it than that. The coffee beans typically used by Starbucks are Arabica beans that are grown mainly in Brazil, Vietnam and Columbia, yet emerging growers on the Ivory Coast and Ethiopia are beginning to experience higher yield crops and quality beans. The rising cost of the green beans is largely due to a decrease in the available supply due to poor crop output which has driven the cost of Arabica beans to a 13 or 14 year high. While more affordable beans like the Robust beans are frequently more in demand causing their prices to rise considerably as well. Another contributing factor is Brazil’s response to higher global pricing for Arabica beans which has been to withhold crops to push the price of beans higher, resulting in supply and demand imbalances. Add to that the increases in fuel and energy prices and the supply and demand imbalances there, in which inevitability of increases in product prices on a global scale were bound to increase as well. The cost associated with distribution alone could be seen as reason enough for the increase. Q2. What will happen to the quantity of Starbucks coffee demanded, the...
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...Child labour Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.[3] This practice is considered exploitative by many international organisations. Legislations across the world prohibit child labour.[4][5] These laws do not consider all work by children as child labour; exceptions include work by child artists, supervised training, certain categories of work such as those by Amish children, and others.[6][7] Child labour was employed to varying extents through most of history. Before 1940, numerous children aged 5–14 worked in Europe, the United States and various colonies of European powers. These children worked in agriculture, home-based assembly operations, factories, mining and in services such as newsies. Some worked night shifts lasting 12 hours. With the rise of household income, availability of schools and passage of child labour laws, the incidence rates of child labour fell.[8][9][10] In developing countries, with high poverty and poor schooling opportunities, child labour is still prevalent. In 2010, sub-saharan Africa had the highest incidence rates of child labour, with several African nations witnessing over 50 percent of children aged 5–14 working.[11] Worldwide agriculture is the largest employer of child labour.[12] Vast majority of child labour is found in rural settings and informal...
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...To: Sarah Hamilton From: Arslan Aslam Unit 37 – P1&M1 07/10/14 Introduction Nestle is a Swiss multinational food and beverage company and the head quarter is based in Vevey, Switzerland. It is known to be the largest food company in the world. The types of products that Nestle sell are baby food, breakfast cereals, coffee and tea, ice cream, frozen food, snacks, pet foods, dairy product and bottled water but only 22% of sales are generated by selling hot drinks such as tea, coffee and etc. Nestlé have 29 brands which had an annual sale of CHF 1 Billion (about US1.1 billion) Example of them brands that Nestle specialises in is Nespresso, Kit Kat and Nesquik. Nestle have about 447 factories which are operating in 194 countries mainly in Americas (25% US) which means they are a global organisation. They are known to be a large organisation because they currently have 330,000 employees at Nestle. They are also the main shareholders of L’Oreal, the world’s largest cosmetics company. The annual turnover of Nestle is $92.6 billion and each year they make a profit of 10.02 billion. The founders of Nestle are Henri Nestlé, Charles Page, George Page and it was founded in 1866. Nestlé was registered No. 1 in the Fortune Global 500 in 2011 which meant they were the most profitable company in the world. Nestle main competitors at the moment are PepsiCo, Kraft Foods, Unilever and Mars Incorporated. Nestlé’s Corporate Governance statement is “We are committed to making a...
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...the members of the family to know, it would spread until everyone knew regardless of if they accepted the information or not. This should be done to also in God’s family even with members that do not know the gospel. They way to open the communications with people that do not know the gospel is with love. Like a family member that needs something you give help with your love and let the course to knowledge flow from there. Using the information found on the Joshua Project there is 41.9 percent of people unreached by the Gospel of Jesus Christ. The Joshua Project shows that there are 41.3 percent of people in the world that do not know the Gospel. This paper will focus on Neho people found in the Cote d’Ivoire which is also called the Ivory Coast. The Neho people are not Christians and as of date even though there are many Christians are in the south of Cote d’Ivoire. While bringing medical, agriculture, and other supplies are needed, nothing connects people better than family. This paper will give a brief background of the Neho people which will include their history, language, culture, economy, religion, and family structure. This paper will also go into the history and current status of mission work among them. At the end this paper will propose a strategy using the belief in strong family ties that will bring Christ to these lost people. This strategy will use some of the work from past missions which include some basic physical needs such as medical and schooling, and spiritual...
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...BLUESTAR CAPITAL MARKETS OUTLINE PRESENTATION OF THE COMPANY’S ACTIVITIES June 2015 BLUESTAR CAPITAL BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN AFRICA AND THE GLOBAL MARKETS BY USING INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO CORPORATE AND INVESTMENT BANKING IN AFRICA. WHO WE ARE Bluestar Capital was established in 2007 to provide specialist and innovative debt finance solutions to broad range organisations, across Sub-Sahara Africa. Bluestar Capital is part of Bluestar Group of companies, a leading international Trade group with over five decades of experience in Africa. The company advices and arrange capital for broad range of clients including, Public Sector, State companies, Local enterprises and financial institutions...
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...Worldwide Consumption The Top Chocolate Loving Nations are (lbs/yr): 1. Switzerland 22.36 2. Austria 20.13 3. Ireland 19.47 4. Germany 18.04 5. Norway 17.93 Chocolate Consumption Distribution Worldwide Not all countries are able to enjoy the sweet taste of chocolate equally. There is a profound dichotomy between those nations that extract the raw materials and those who indulge in the finished product. As it is shown in the maps available, all but one of the top twenty countries that consume chocolate are considered 'well-developed' or 'advanced'. Brazil is the only country involved on the list that actually considers chocolate to be a natural resource. The reality exists that the processing and consumption of chocolate products is Western World dominated. 70% of the worldwide profit from chocolate sales is concentrated in these countries. 80% of the world chocolate market is accounted for by just six transnational companies, including Nestle, Mars and Cadbury. Europeans alone consume around 40% of the world's cocoa per year, 85% of which is imported from West Africa. There have recently been efforts to initiate a fair-trade movement, which would encourage the purchase of cocoa from developing country producers at a fair price. However, tariff escalation continues to me a major problem, which acts to drive chocolate comsumers and cocoa exporters further apart. Quick Chocolate Facts -16 of the top 20 consuming countries are European -in 2001...
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...Chapter 19: Southwest Asia and the Indian Ocean, 1500-1750 (484-509) Thesis: From 1500 to 1750, Asians and Africans focused on conquering territory, however, stock companies, imperial wealth of monopolies, taxation, and intellectual creativity allowed fundamental luxury to circulate. I. The Ottoman Empire, to 1750 * After the Mongols, the Muslim Ottomans’ centralized governmental system proved to be somewhat ineffective for long-term control. A. Expansion and Frontiers * Osman, Gallipoli (connection b/t Euro & Asia), and army (Christian prisoners, gunpowder, cavalry) laid foundation for empire; initially focused on Chris. enemies, siege to Constantinople (Mehmed), Red Sea as well; Suleiman the Magnificent attacked Chris Europe, significant because he paved the way for conversions, some more brutal than others * Wanted to control Mediterranean tributary payments after conquer but allowed trading with acknowledgment; Portuguese threats remained unconsidered, as Ottomans cared little for merchant vessels attempting to usurp authority: important because lack of protection signified inevitable vulnerability in the Ottoman future. B. Central Institutions * Christian prisoners slaves/ Janissary from selection/ devshirme: children, language, promising received education, Islam/liberal/military arts produced scholars; cosmopolitan through Osmanli, grammar, vocab used by askeri/ mili. class (also included Jews), important because land...
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...language and religious changes that occurred within Mozambique’s culture. * Before the visit by Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498, coastal East Africa was occupied by the Zenj and the city-states was ruled by Arabs. The Zenj established agricultural communities and societies that primarily herded cattle. The Zenj brought with them technology for iron making, and used this skill to make weapons for the conquest of their neighboring civilizations. The Zenj built cities in Mozambique during the Middle Ages (5th to the 16th century) but were not built to stand the test of time, so there are very few remains left of these medieval cities, for example the trading port Sofala. Nevertheless, several Swahili trade ports were along the coast of Mozambique before the migration of Arabs and the colonization of the Portuguese, which had been trading with...
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...Rafaella Rusmigo Erasmus Student MUP 12/7/2015 Kenya Abstract Throughout time, we have seen countries evolve from many different circumstances, most of which circumstances were from colonial exploitation. European colonialism dates back to the age of exploration and the discoveries that were found overseas from the mainland of Europe. The colonists were brutal to the natives called savages, ruthless to the innocent, and exploiters of the native people and their native lands. In Africa, the Europeans had penetrated it in the 1600-1700’s. In the 1800’s the entire continent did not have a single free independent nation state, all of Africa belonged to the Europeans. Kenya was significantly impact by the imperialists. The historical evidence of Kenya’s economy, culture, and social standards comes from the British rule from 1888-1963. The main purpose of this document is to understand the fundamentals of British colonialism and the British conquest in Kenya. Through examining important points in the history of Kenya, we will found out what are the legacies of the colonial period for Kenya and if they are still relevant to the country today. Republic of Kenya Kenya is a country in East Africa with its territory lying on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria to Lake Turkana and further south-east to the Indian Ocean. It is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west...
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...Number: VM3026 Vietnam Coffee Annual 2013 Approved By: Michael Ward Prepared By: Huong Nguyen Report Highlights: Post revises its coffee production estimate in marketing year (MY) 2012/13 up to about 25 million 60 kg-bags (bags), or 1.49 million metric tons (MMT) of green coffee, about a 4 percent drop from MY2011/12 due to pre-seasonal rains during the coffee flower blossoming period in main coffee growing areas. Post also revises its total export estimate in MY 2012/13 up to 23.8 million bags, or 1.42 MMT green coffee bean equivalent (GBE), due to the pace of green bean exports MY-to-date. Post’s initial coffee production forecast for MY2013/14 is 22.9 million bags, or 1.37 MMT of green coffee, about an 8 percent drop from the previous MY due to drought in the central highlands early in the growing season. Post’s initial total export estimate for MY2013/14 is 21.3 million bags, or 1.28 MMT GBE, as drought impacted production will lead to reduced exportable supplies in MY2013/14. 1 Executive Summary: Vietnam’s coffee growing areas continue to expand despite of GOV’s goal to maintain area at 500,000 ha. Coffee prices remain high and provide a strong incentive for farmers to plant additional area. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and statistics from Provincial Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development, coffee area increased by 8 percent to 616,000 ha in 2012 from 571,000 ha in 2011. Actual coffee area likely exceeds GOV official...
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...Experience Timeless Coastal Beauty, Style and Sophistication Only the best will do ... Best wishes on your upcoming special day, and thank you for your interest in InterContinental The Clement Monterey as your wedding destination. Our spectacular ocean front hotel is situated right in the heart of historic Cannery Row and on the Monterey Bay, where mesmerizing ocean views, bay breezes and coastal scenery will captivate your soul and enchant your guests. Wedding ceremonies are staged on an expansive courtyard facing the sapphire-blue waters of the bay. Couples say their vows against this stunning azure backdrop, enlivened by marine life such as frolicking sea otters, harbor seals and sea lions. To enhance enjoyment of this picturesque setting, your social hour can take place in the inspiring ocean air as well. While the wedding party is posing for pictures, guests can enjoy the hotel’s boardwalk and pier, which extends out over the bay. Cut-outs on the boardwalk reveal tantalizing peeks down into the tidal zone and the teeming underwater world of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. We specialize in offering all of the extras that will make your wedding memorable: Wedding Showers Engagement Parties Rehearsal Dinners Wedding Ceremonies Wedding Cocktail Hours Dinners and Dancing Late Night Snacks Farewell Wedding Brunch Hotel Guestrooms Wedding Party Suite Spa Services to Include Hair and Makeup Ocean Terrace Ceremony and Reception Ocean Terrace Ceremony The...
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...between Europe, the Americas, and Africa to arise. Without these cultures coming into contact, the expansion of each of these countries developments would not have happened. Between the 1400’s and 1800’s, European mariners had a series of expensive voyages that took them to all the earth’s waters. These voyages helped them discover the world’s geography, but helped them gain something much more. European merchants established a network of communication, transportation, and interaction. The reason behind establishing these networks was to search for basic resources and lands to grow cash crops, establish trade routes, and to expand the influence of Christianity. One European voyage that took place was by Amerigo Vespucci. He traveled to the coast of Brazil and sailed as far south as the Rio de la Plata. Vespucci describes the areas in great detail the outstanding things he saw as pleasing and things he saw as out of the ordinary. When Vespucci arrived the first thing he noticed was how pleasing the land was and how “full of an infinite number of very tall trees which never lose their leaves and through the year are fragrant with the...
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...Executive Summary Now day’s compensation strategies are charged with supporting the company’s mission and objectives through the development and implementation of strategies, which ensure that valuable workers feel secured at their work place and rewarded for their accomplishment. A successful company focused compensation strategy including tuition reimbursement, bonus and paid time off. They are valuable programs and creating attraction process for most common compensation programs. These strategies are useful tool to improve employee satisfaction and work ethics. But, used incorrectly, it can cause some financial damages and relation disconnect between company and work forces. Bonus, tuition reimbursement and paid time off can be created to reward individual performance which is related to company’s mission and building trust in the organization. Company can use these strategy tools to communicate a fresh commitment from the employer to the employees and remind workers how much they are appreciated. The purpose this report is to determine the proper amount of compensations gets applied for different jobs in the organization. The organization because persuading the incorrect determination can cause bad implications for the company and damaging the work ethics of the employee organization as well as the employer’s power to hire qualified employees. Another purpose of the research report Well treated employees make a major role in a company’s power to improve its product...
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