...Jim Crow Laws The Jim Crow Laws were based on a popular character who was dressed as an old, decrepit, black man. The laws were created to keep white and black people separated. In To Kill A Mockingbird, white and black people lived separately, but they still interacted with each other. Even though they weren’t exactly segregated, many people didn’t approve of the blacks interacting with them. In the 1870’s a law passed that required the segregation of black and white people in transportation (“J im Crow Law | United States [18771954]”). In 1892, Homer Plessy, a lightskinned creole of color was kicked off for sitting in the white section on a train. Homer had light skin, but in the eyes of the government he was black. He refused to get up and go to the black section on the train. The court ruled the law as constitutional, this opened up the way to even more segregation laws. These laws are known as the Jim Crow Laws. During the Jim Crow era, it was illegal for a white man to marry a black woman, or for a white woman to marry a black man (“Jim Crow Laws” To Kill a Mockingbird, ). In Adolphus Raymond is a drunk who is married to a black woman (Lee, 267). But it turns out that he doesn’t even drink (Lee, 267). He drinks so that people will think he married a black woman because he is a drunk and doesn’t know what he’s doing (Lee, 267). The Jim Crow Laws made it to where only white people could own public buildings and ...
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...The Road to Brown tells the story of the millions of nameless blacks who faced devastating hardships caused by Jim Crow, which simply robbed them of the rights granted by the 14th and 15th Amendments. Under the "separate but equal" doctrine of the Supreme Court's 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision, black citizens were denied the right to vote, to attend white schools, to be buried in white cemeteries, etc. Those who objected were liable to be lynched. The era of Jim Crow provoked men such as, Charles Houston to fight back for those who were unable. Charles Hamilton Houston, "the man who killed Jim Crow”, grew up during the Jim Crow Era and devoted his entire life trying to destroy it. Houston came from a privileged background in regards to blacks. He finished top of his class in high school preparing him for a prosperous college career. Unfortunately, before Houston had the chance to attend college, he served in a segregated regiment during World War I. During this time Houston wrote about the hate he constantly faced from his fellow countrymen due to his race and promised himself he would study law to fix the lack of justice, changing the situation for his people. In 1920, he entered Harvard law school where he became the first black editor of the Harvard Law Review. Later, Houston would become dean of Howard University Law School and chief counsel to the NAACP. He also presented a number of supporting cases leading up to Brown v. Board of Education. Houston strategically...
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...sitting in the white citizens' train car were known as the Jim Crow laws. First created in 1877 and named after a derogatory blackface character, the Jim Crow laws segregated black and white citizens in all aspects of life. For example, the laws designated specific drinking fountains for blacks and whites and restricted them from attending the same schools. After Homer Plessy was arrested, his trial quickly rose to the Supreme Court in 1896. In the infamous Plessy v. Ferguson case, the justices ruled it constitutional to segregate...
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...April 13, 2013 Final Paper Laws of Jim Crow (Final) The Jim Crow laws were as discriminatory as it gets when it came to race, as it separated what it considered inferior races from the white race. George agrees with other historians that Jim Crow was not a real person but one of fiction (6). Jim Crow laws were created in the late 1800’s and lasted until the 1960’s. Louisiana did not pass the first Jim Crow law until 1890, even though racial segregation and discrimination had their start much earlier. Soon after, other southern states passed similar laws prohibiting blacks from being seated with whites on railway cars. After studying the history of Jim Crow, Kantrowitz believed that the Jim Crow system was based on the assertions that whites believed themselves to be superior to blacks intellectually and morally. Sexual relations between blacks and whites were also a big issue because many whites believed that the mixing of races would produce a mongrel race and would destroy the fabric of America (35-38). On the other hand, George conveys that the main idea behind the Jim Crow laws was two-fold because Jim Crow was established to keep blacks separate and to make them believe that they were an inferior race (9). Jim Crow had the law on its side because no matter what, the law made it clear that discrimination against the blacks in the Southern states was okay. Many whites did not have a personal problem associating with blacks, as long as, they were able to demonstrate...
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...The case of Plessy v. Ferguson served as a catalyst for the implementation of “separate but equal” segregation laws that were deemed constitutional by the Supreme Court and which profoundly divided White and Colored America throughout the late 1800’s to mid 1900’s. Freshly out of the Civil War, Black America gradually sought after more forms of freedom after the bondage of slavery was destroyed. While Black males especially were granted more citizenship liberties through the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments, just when they thought White America could evolve into an accepting and open-minded society, all efforts were shut down by the Jim Crow laws. That is where the Plessy v. Ferguson case starts, the Supreme Court’s endorsement...
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...point in the history of the United States. This major case was actually several cases that were decided by the Supreme Court as one. These cases were argued by the NAACP and their expert team of lawyers led by Thurgood Marshall and his team the Legal Defense and Educational Fund. All the cases were filed by African American parents on behalf of their children. The parents of these children wished it to be brought before the courts that “separate but equal” was not fair. In the South though, Plessy v. Ferguson, “separate but equal” and Jim Crow laws reigned, they had a tough battle ahead.Leading up to Brown v. Board of EducationThe Jim Crow Laws were enacted in mostly the Southern and some of the border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965, slightly less than a hundred years (wikipedia). These laws mandated "separate but equal" status for black Americans. “In reality, this led to treatment and accommodations that were almost always inferior to those provided to white Americans. The most important laws required that public schools, public places and public transportation, like trains and buses, have separate facilities for whites and blacks” (wikipedia). In the Progressive Era the restrictions were formalized, and segregation was extended to the federal government by President Woodrow Wilson in 1913 (wikipedia).To discuss the Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education, a brief history of the major case that had to be overturned to achieve the desired...
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...Midterm Essay on Jim Crow Laws Brittney Accardo History 12 May 8th, 2015 The year 1896 was the time that the Untied States of America came down as a whole. Many people were hurt and confused by the Jim Crow laws. These laws were established in order or keep the blacks and whites separated in public places. Jim Crow laws made a huge impact on society in the 1930’s. On May 18, 1896, the U.S. Supreme Court considered the idea of “separate but equal,” which was the base of the Jim Crow laws. This was the case of the Plessy versus Ferguson. The United States Constitution did not allow many types of discrimination such as black people being mistreated. Therefore, the states worked around the rules to include Jim Crow laws without disobeying the United States Constitution. This made African Americans considered as the “lower class” citizens. Many people were judging the blacks because of their skin; they were not respected as human beings. Some of the Jim Crow Laws (Black Code) were very extreme; the laws were so strict it was almost like the African American people were still in slavery. However, some would...
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...In To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper Lee used different historical references and connections about the inequality between blacks and whites, and some of the struggles faced by both races. Included, are connections to the Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, and issues of racism during that era. In To Kill A Mockingbird, one of the first connections was the Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow laws created inequality between the two races of whites and blacks. There were reasons why people thought the laws were needed. They thought that whites were superior to blacks...
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...Jim Crow Laws What would you think if you were to go to the bathroom and see a sign stating that there was a separate bathroom for African Americans, likely one that was in much worse shape? This would have been very common in America in the 1930s. According to Clive Gifford, author of “World Issues, Racism”, “Racial discrimination denies members of one racial group access open to others” (Gifford 19). Racial discrimination has taken place several times throughout history, even in the form of laws, such as the Jim Crow Laws. Jim Crow laws were prejudiced laws that supported racial segregation in the United States for several decades. THE START OF JIM CROW LAWS Jim Crow laws began in the United States around the 1880s (“Jim Crow Laws” 1)....
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...coincidence. The Historical events that occurred during Harper Lee’s lifetime clearly influenced her writing of To Kill a Mockingbird as elements of the Scottsboro Boys Trials are undoubtedly evident in the trial of Tom Robinson, the Jim Crow Laws are unjustly in effect towards the African-American population of Maycomb, Alabama, and the deleterious economic hardships faced after the Great Depression are present in the citizens of the town throughout the novel. The novel To Kill a Mockingbird revolves around the trial of Tom Robinson, a black man falsely accused of raping a white woman, and the lawyer defending him. This fictional trial is in fact an almost exact recreation of a trial that Harper Lee lived through: The Scottsboro Boy Trials of 1931. Both the fictional and real trials of Tom Robinson and the Scottsboro Boys share several similarities, two of which are the race and crime of the defendant and the all racist white jury. The Scottsboro Boys were a group of “nine African American youths” who were “quickly sentenced to death for the crime of rape of two young white women” (“Scottsboro Boys Case”). Tom Robinson, a black male, was also accused of raping a young white woman. After careful interrogation, the defense presented strong evidence in both cases that suggested the defendants...
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...Jim Black: Sales Representative by Steven L. McShane University of Western Australia Perth, Australia This case may be used by current adopters of: S. L. McShane Canadian Organizational Behaviour, 5th ed. (Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2004); S. L. McShane & M. A. von Glinow, Organizational Behavior, 3rd ed. (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005); S. L. McShane & T. Travaglione, Organisational Behaviour on the Pacific Rim, 1st ed. (Sydney: McGraw-Hill Australia, 2003) Copyright © 1995. Steven L. McShane. Jim Black: Sales Representative Jim Black: Sales Representative∗ By Steven L. McShane, The University of Western Australia Jim Black impatiently drummed the steering wheel and puffed a cigarette as his car moved slowly northbound along the Don Valley Parkway. Traffic congestion was normal in the late afternoon, but it seemed much heavier today. In any event, it was another irritation that was going to make him late for his next appointment. As a sales representative at Noram Canada Ltd., Jim could not afford to keep clients waiting. Sales of compressed oxygen and other gases were slower during this prolonged recession. Other compressed gas suppliers were eager to grab new accounts and it was becoming more common for clients to switch from one supplier to another. Jim pressed his half-finished cigarette against the ash tray and accelerated the car into another lane. Buyers of compressed gases knew that the market was in their favour and many were demanding price discounts and shorter...
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...The Great Depression: A time of substantial poverty, homelessness, and unemployment (McCabe 12). The stock market crash of 1929 triggered the Great Depression, which did not come to an end until 1941 (McCabe 12). The Great Depression and other various events in the 1930’s inspired Harper Lee’s world renown novel, To Kill A Mockingbird. Three events that profoundly correspond to the novel are the Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, and the Scottsboro trials. The first influence on Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird are the Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow laws are a set of anti-Black laws in order to keep whites on the top of the racial caste system (Pilgrim). The Jim Crow laws vary from ordering Blacks to let White motorists go first at intersections...
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...Jim Crow The term Jim Crow was used as a reference to segregation laws hat came about at the end of the reconstruction and came to an end in 1877 and continued until the 1960's. According to diction dictionary.reference.Jim Crow is defined as a practice or policy of segregating or discriminating against blacks, as in public places, public vehicles, or employment. The term Jim Crow was thought to have originated around 1830 from a white minstrel show performer named Thomas Rice put black material on his face and performed a jig singing “Jump Jim Crow.” The character was created from a crippled, elderly black man singing and dancing. People say that Jim Crow owned a slave that gave inspiration for the act. The skit was incorporated into the act and then became a part of the minstrel scene in America. (1), (2), (3) Thomas Rice was one of the first performers to wear blackface makeup in a song and dance routine that turned out to be a success and took him to places like Louisville to Cincinnati to Pittsburgh to Philadelphia and to New York in 1832. Jim Crow was later a stock character in minstrel shows with Jim Dandy and Zip Coon. His blackface characters were Sambos, Coons, and Dandies. White audiences were open to portrayals of blacks as singing, dancing, grinning fools. Around 1838, the term "Jim Crow" was being used to refer to blacks, althought not to be as offensive as nigger, but close to coon or darkie. Minstrel shows clearly helped the spread of Jim Crow as...
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...The term “Jim Crow” came from an old African American song called “Jump Jim Crow.” In 1828, a white man named Rice would wear a black face make up, sing, dance and act foolish. Many people started calling black people “Jim Crows” to offend them. Jim Crow laws took place in America and they were laws that segregated the white from blacks. These laws supported the idea that blacks were inferior to whites. Blacks and whites weren’t allowed to interact with each other. Jim Crow was the informal term for types of precise separation utilized by whites against African Americans from the second half of the nineteenth century through the main portion of the twentieth. The expression implies the legal parts of the shading line, additionally incorporates the social and typical traditions of progressive race relations. Jim Crow laws separated blacks and whites. These rules stated what a black person...
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...1800’s when slavery was common, but that road certainly hasn’t been easy or short for Black American. Not long after the Civil War ended, African Americans experienced a form of racial segregation called Jim Crow. The name "Jim Crow" originated from a character in an early nineteenth-century minstrel show song. A white minstrel blackened his face and jigged around while singing. The "Jim Crow" character regularly appeared in minstrel shows touring the South. Eventually, Jim Crow became the name of the racial caste system which operated primarily, but not exclusively, in southern and Border States. These laws legalized segregation from the 1860’s through 1967. The most widespread laws mandated racial segregation in schools and public places such as railroads, restaurants, and streetcars. Since segregation laws typically excluded African Americans from services, Jim Crow laws began as an attempt to move forward by providing separate services for blacks. These laws were adopted earliest in most southern towns and municipalities where diverse crowds lived. These communities passed vagrancy laws that controlled the influx of black homeless migrants. Many southern states during the 1880s and 1890s passed laws which required segregation. The Supreme Court held up the southern laws in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), accepting guarantees from these states that the segregated areas would be equal. This case created the “separate but equal” doctrine and would not be challenged for some time. Some...
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