...Report of Online Discussion WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP ROLES Coordinated by the Division for the Advancement of Women Department of Economic and Social Affairs United Nations Hosted by WomenWatch With support from the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 19 November to 15 December 2007 Disclaimer: The views expressed in this report reflect the opinions of participants to the online discussion and not the official views of the United Nations Contents 1. Introduction................................................................................................................................ 3 2. Theme One: Status of women in leadership positions globally ....................................................... 5 2.1. Country experiences ................................................................................................................5 2.2. Ability of women in leadership positions to influence change .....................................................6 2.3. Instruments and methodologies to measure impact ..................................................................8 3. Theme Two: Factors that influence women’s access to decision-making positions —views from public administration, the judiciary and the private sector................................................................. 9 3.1. Representation of women in the public sector.........................................................................10 3.2. Representation...
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...Public Leadership “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things” is a famous quote from Peter Drucker (Psychology Today, 2002-2013). According to Rushaw, author of Leading Public Organization: An Interactive Approach, defines leadership “as an interactive relationship involving power and influence to secure goals and achieve satisfactory reward” (p. 14). A key objective of public leadership is to influence the behaviors of the followers by the leaders to aid in achieving goals. The nature of influence determines the form of power in public leadership, that refers to the ability of a leader to influence others. There are three main sources of power at the expense of the leader to enhance organizational productivity and efficiency; they are legitimate, referent, and expert forms of power. It is as important in knowing and understanding the difference between the private and public sector organizations as it is to know and understand the privacy laws. The privacy laws varies depending on the legislation that an organization is governed under. Leadership in Public Sector According to Rusaw (2001), “the nature of public leaderships is defined by the constitutional basis of his or her work. Public service is chartered by legislation, meaning that the content, scope, and relationship of work is related not to enterprise, but to the authority of law” (p. 2). A public sector organization is an organization owned and operated by the local, state, and...
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...the achievement of a common goal, as distinct from networks which involve sharing information or other resources but not for the explicit purpose of joint working”. Definitions are particularly significant to the topic of this essay, as the component characteristics of partnerships as set out above are often overlooked by organisations and individuals when approaching the delivery of activities ‘in partnership’. In theory, partnership involves collaborative working where people pool ideas and expertise, so the leadership, energy and services produced are greater than the sum of their individual capabilities. It also requires re-thinking the remit or boundaries of organisations within which leadership is to be distributed and respected. This is particularly relevant when considering partnerships to deliver single outcome agreements that have previously been the responsibility of one body, or several bodies in isolation. These are challenges to which public sector organisations (and those with a statutory remit to deliver) must now respond. This recognises that “expertise is owned by the many rather than the few” (Gronn, 2002), and requires trust and a multi-agency approach for successful delivery. Working in partnership is a crucial task for councils, police forces, health authorities and NHS trusts. The number of partnerships is set to increase,...
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...Administrator is a Good Politician Renea Joseph American Public University Public Management PADM615 April 22, 2014 A Good Administrator is a Good Politician Introduction Executives do not achieve success in a ‘bubble’; hence, the ability to effectively juggle both the inherent good and potentially damaging aspects of his job requires a range of skills that work to influence and secure both short and long-term interests while avoiding negative outcomes. Furthermore, a successful executive also understands the entire scope of maintaining a sustainable enterprise, which could include the participation of external stakeholders such as elected officials. There have been efforts that attempt to explore the relationship between administrators and political institutions not new. To this end, Rourke, 1976 (as cited in Wilson, 1999) points out that as part of leadership power, one has to have the ability to accomplish the goals of the agency by “ensuring a favorable response to the agency from outside groups and organizations that control resources on which the agency depends” (pp. 241-242). Additionally, without the ability to anticipate change, an organization is incapable of influencing the future except by default (Kearney & Berman, 1999, p. 26) as new legislation and policy decisions have the potential to shape the future. As such, it is in the best interest of the executive to have policy makers decision-making processes based on organized and relevant information. ...
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...ARTICLE REVIEW Title : Ethical Leadership: The Effect on Employees Author : Atiya Alshammari, Naser N. Almutairi & Shebaib Fahad Thuwaini Year of Publication: February 27th, 2015 Source: International Journal of Business and Management, Vol.10, No.3;2015 The article, Ethical Leadership : The Effect on Employees focuses on the impact of this style of leadership and also its contribution to the performance, efficiency and productivity of employees of an organization that adapts ethical leadership in their business environment. The author believes ethical leadership is the key ingredients in ensuring the success of an organization. In recent years, a few companies has collapsed such as Lehman Brothers as a result of unethical behavior which caused harm to thousands of employees, forced the government to apply new strict regulations as well as losing customers confidence investing in financial industry. Cases like these proves that without ethical leadership, the tendency of negative influences to appear within the employees of the organization will generate trust issues among peers and lack of faith in the leadership of the leaders of the organization which will result in unproductive and inefficiency in the organization. Ethical leadership is defined as the process of influencing people through principles, values and beliefs of something that we believe as the right behavior. The practice of ethical leadership is increasingly popular in every modern organizations...
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...Governance and leadership in general is a process by which people determine their destiny, on the other hand good governance or leadership lays emphasis on accountability, efficiency and responsiveness to the needs of the direct environment of the organization being governed. This involves identification of leaders to guide those being governed to fulfill their vision and mission while guarding against mismanagement of the same. The identification does not lay preference on any gender but over the years, the issue of gender diversity in business organizations and public administration has received increasing attention in both the academic literature and the popular press. The question has been whether greater participation of women in boards, top management and even in the political arena can be directly associated to better financial performance in an organization and on a macro level that participation at all levels impact positively on the economy. The mandate to coordinate policy formulation and integration in Kenya in regards to gender has been given to the Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Development. Various policy documents have been prepared towards finding a lasting solution to the issue of gender disparities in the work place. The National Commission on Gender and Development (NCGD) has been operational since 2004 and was formulated to enable the Ministry to carry out its mandate. Its mandate includes legal reform, advocacy, providing advice on gender issues...
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...Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Wolfers Professor of Political Science and Management School of Management Yale University A chapter for the “Process of Organizational Learning” section of the Handbook of Organizational Learning, ed. Meinolf Dierkes, A. Berthoin Antal, J. Child & I. Nonaka. Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming. DRAFT: Please do not cite without author’s permission. Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Yale University Political Organizations and Their Milieu Organizational learning derives most of its knowledge from research on organizations in the private sector, particularly from the study of the firm. Its rich interdisciplinary quality is reflected in the range of social sciences that have contributed to the field’s robust development. The contribution from political science, however, has been minimal (reasons are suggested in the chapter on ‘politics’ by LaPalombara in this volume). The mutual failure of political scientists to pay more systematic attention to organizational learning and of organizational learning specialists to extend their inquiries into the public/political sphere is unfortunate in at least three senses. First, a general theory...
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...Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Wolfers Professor of Political Science and Management School of Management Yale University A chapter for the “Process of Organizational Learning” section of the Handbook of Organizational Learning, ed. Meinolf Dierkes, A. Berthoin Antal, J. Child & I. Nonaka. Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming. DRAFT: Please do not cite without author’s permission. Power and Politics in Organizations: Public and Private Sector Comparisons Joseph LaPalombara Yale University Political Organizations and Their Milieu Organizational learning derives most of its knowledge from research on organizations in the private sector, particularly from the study of the firm. Its rich interdisciplinary quality is reflected in the range of social sciences that have contributed to the field’s robust development. The contribution from political science, however, has been minimal (reasons are suggested in the chapter on ‘politics’ by LaPalombara in this volume). The mutual failure of political scientists to pay more systematic attention to organizational learning and of organizational learning specialists to extend their inquiries into the public/political sphere is unfortunate in at least three senses. First, a general theory of organizational learning is unlikely to emerge unless and until what is claimed to be...
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...Leadership Integration Project Assignment Team Leadership Competency Pulkit Jaiswal MA in Leadership (Health) Trinity Western University Date February 15, 2014 Without going deep into the literature, we can deduce that team-leadership is the ability of an individual to lead a team by making the team members perform to raise the overall productivity of the team. But team leadership is much more than this; here I would like to give an example of the person for whom I have a great respect in my heart. He was very swayed by the issue of female feticide in the country. This issue emerged due to the poor standards of health care in India. Female feticide is the “the selective abortion of female fetuses” (Ahmad, 2010, p. 13). Though, in-human activities are taking all over the world, but it is the cruelest kind of human activity seen over the globe. Himself being a doctor, he was very discomfited by the menace of illegal abortions of the fetuses. Realizing that he alone cannot do much to eradicate this anti-social activity, he went out for the support of the common public. He explained his vision to the public and raised the attention of the public towards the issue. He made them to work like a team, he described the roles to them and the importance which it carries in accomplishing the vision. This eventually developed confidence in them and provoked the leadership ability in each of them. All of them got aligned to work for a common cause and assumed a leadership...
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...08 Fall How governments are formed There are no codified rules in the UK to state how government is formed, in theory it is in the hands of the monarch – up until the 19thCentury this was largely a reality. However the monarch no longer plays any active role in this process. The party that wins a majority of seats in the House of Commons after a general election, its leader will be invited by the monarch to form a government. 2010 Coalition * Conservatives were longest party in HoC but failed to win overall majority * Labour negotiated a coalition with LibDems and later the LibDems negotiated with both main parties for a coalition * Labour and LibDem did not make an overall majority * Gordon Brown later resigned and advised the Queen to ask Cameron to form a government either as a minority or in coalition with LibDems. * Cameron accepted and formed coalition with LibDem ‘The Government’ 25 members are members of the HoL and 90 are MPs. MPs that are from the party that is in government ate not members of government! They are known as backbenchers and the members of government are known as frontbenchers. All members of government are appointed by the PM. The cabinet (22-23 members) meet regularly. Ministerial selection The PM must weigh up the qualities of individuals against the political consequences of appointing them. Qualities that ideal ministers should possess: * Must be politically reliable * Must have potential ...
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...Public Policing Versus Private Security Comparison Paper AJS/502 November 23, 2013 Public Policing Versus Private Security Comparison Paper An individual seeking employment dealing with police work has the option of either obtaining a job as a private security officer or a police officer. Many similarities and differences exist concerning the two roles of public policing and private security. How private security and police officers operate and work together among the two organizations is different, but both entities display leadership responsibilities. The influences that both organizations have on the criminal justice system would be much better if both entities would join forces and collaborate on strengthening their relationship and working toward protecting society. This paper will highlight the differences and similarities between the two roles, how the leadership differs between the two roles, and what the relationship of each role is with the criminal justice system. The paper will also draw attention to what the essential policies for each role are and identify and discuss the significance of a comprehensive security plan, and what its main components are. Differences Both private security and public security are similar in many ways, but major differences between the two entities do exist. A distortion often exists between the dissimilarities of private and public policing. The individuals who work as private security officers have a mirror...
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...A Public Leader Of Course public leaders are held to a different standard then your everyday manager or CEO but they all have some sort of leadership skills and traits involved in how they run their organization or company. Here we take a look at the power team of politics, Hillary and Bill Clinton. Both have held public leadership positions and were held to a certain standard. So we will take a look at the leader and their style as public administrators. Next we will compare the two styles, the effectiveness of their leadership and the impact of their genders as leaders. Then, we will take a look at their strengths and weaknesses and evaluate the effectiveness of their terms as public officials. Finally I will review my own strengths and weakness that would influence my ability to be a public leader. Public Leader Overview The transformational leadership (TL) is when leaders take their vision for the future and excite and motivate others to join in. Often times this vision is developed solely but the leader, but occasionally other levels of management and/or other organizational members. The transformational leader leads through charisma and motivation. Much like a coach, these leader encourage their followers to obtain the ultimate goal; often times through their own beliefs and personal values and strengths. Former president William “Bill” Clinton, fits in to the category of a transformational leader. During his presidency he was credited for having the ability...
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...Leadership and ethics Name Professor Course Date Some of the ethical issues that management may need to address include corporate social responsibility. This refers to the operation of a business or organization in a manner that takes into consideration the environmental and social aspects created by enterprise. It implies the commitment to create policies that include responsible practices in the undertakings of the entity. Corporate social responsibility policies serve as self-regulatory measures for the organization in monitoring and ensuring that it complies with ethical standards, regulations and societal norms. This practice takes responsibility of the organizations actions to facilitate a positive impact of the organizations...
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...Global institutions have grown to a new level of prominence in recent history. Global institutions like the IMF and World Bank have provided countries with public goods like stability and the reduction of uncertainty in international markets. As the influence of institutions like the IMF and World Bank grow a large set of critics have pointed out major flaws in the structure and philosophies of these institutions. These criticisms fall into three categories Sovereignty and transparency, Ideology, and Implementation and Adjustment costs. These criticisms call for major reform to the current international financial institutions and call into question whether they provide any benefit to the global economy at all. The first type of criticism is Sovereignty and transparency. Sovereignty criticisms point to the infringement of these institutions policies on the sovereignty of nations. In particular IMF conditionality is of harsh scrutiny as it requires countries to pursue certain macroeconomic policies as a condition of borrowing money from the International Monetary Fund. Countries and their people may not want to use these policies, but they are required by the institution. Nations are no longer in charge of their own policy and this can anger people who favor localize policies for the specific characteristics of certain nations. Transparency is another major criticism of both the IMF and World Bank. Transparency criticisms state that too many o these important decisions are...
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...A strategic leader can utilize decision-making teams as a powerful asset in successfully coping with the environment. Such teams improve their decision making by using a process of consensus, a process useful when developing national security strategy, military strategy, or strategic planning in other public or private sectors. Knowing how to forge consensus for policy development and implementation is critical to successful management and leadership. STRATEGIC LEADERS AND TEAMS Consensus decision making offers the benefit of using more fully the experience, judgment, perceptions, and thinking of a team of people. To those who have not participated in consensus decision making, the process may seem frustrating. But, mastery of small group consensus decision making processes may be the key to achieving a successful resolution of whatever crisis appears in this complex environment. Because of the nature of modern issues in the global environment, strategic decision makers must rely on teams to solve problems and to make policy recommendations. A high performing team can be a positive force in assessing strategic situations and formulating national policy. LONG-TERM VISION - Effective strategic leaders employ a strategic team to help them in the visioning process. This team "sees" the strategic environment from various frames of reference, visualizing the effectiveness of proposed strategies over time. Teams help leaders to understand a complex situation and gain insight into...
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