...This essay analyzes Hauora issues of Maori people in New Zealand, providing the most fundamental and crucial elements and moments of its continuous effects from the colonial era until now. In this essay I mainly discuss about the issues of the Maori health before colonization, during colonization, and after colonization. I had used the different methods of research to analyze the data for the issues of Maori health. The research methods used are complete online research method text, course resources and reading and analyzing data from different books as literary review. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to locate relevant information on Maori health. The review formed the body of work on which this essay was based. The literature search was limited to work published between 1900 and 2010 in six subject areas: Maori health in early 1900 till present day, Maori concepts and models, Maori health models, Maori and disability, Treaty of Waitangi and Maori health. The databases searched included all of the New Zealand university library catalogues, the City Library and Google Scholar. Sources that appeared to be relevant were entered into the Reference. In 1769 James Cook concluded that Maori were healthy race .Prior to settlement by Europeans, Maori had been protected from many illnesses because of New Zealand’s Isolation from the large population centers of the world. Now a day’s Maori are recognized as being over represented statistically in poor health issues...
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...Running Head: MAORI Page 1 The Mighty Maori Ericka Silva ANT101 Intro to Cultural Anthropology Katie Custer Mar. 4, 2013 Running Head: MAORI Page 2 The Mighty Maori The Maori were people that were said to have come from Tahiti and arrived in New Zealand in the 14th Century time frame. They came in what was called “the seven canoes of the great fleet”. (Latham, C; 1996) They are considered to be Polynesians and originally had found their home in the top parts of New Zealand. They are what we call “foragers” in the Anthropology world. Foragers are those cultures that hunt and gather from the land in which they live on. (Nowak, B/Laird, P; 2010) In the following pages I will describe how this culture lived and survived. I will describe how their ways of life were and events that came about. In 1350 they were a tribe that migrated from the Polynesian islands and had made their way to New Zealand. These foragers came in a mass group and were mostly hunters and fishermen. When they migrated they had brought their own plants and animals that they had domesticated themselves. Unfortunately most of it did not make it through the travel because the climates were too different and the animals and plants were not used to the new land. For many centuries these people survived and flourished in their new land. The Maori have a unique way of believing that there are supernatural ways that help them. They believed in the spiritual aspect of things from...
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...MAORI ANT 101 Introduction There are many theories as to where the Maori culture originated. As all Polynesian descendants, they were thought to have derived from islands in the central and southern Pacific. The Maori are now the indigenous people of New Zealand. This composition will disclose facts on the history of the Maori and concentrating on revealing the spiritual beliefs and values, their kinship, and political organization. Additionally, information will include, what makes the Maori a resilient culture that adapted to foreign lands, learned various modes of survival, and accomplished the threshold of a new civilization. In conclusion, facts will consist of the present change of the cultural dynamics of the Maori. Outline I. Introduction II. The Maori History A. Origins of the Maori Culture B. Early Settlement C. Horticulturists-(rare) Foragers III. Beliefs and values A. Supernatural rituals B. Religious rites C. Communal ceremonies IV. Kinship A. Kin Groups/Tribes B. Extensive Family ties to Kinsfolks C. Marriage V. Political organization A. Chiefdom B. Statuses of various tribes Maori Culture Initially, the crews of canoes or rafts from the parts of eastern Polynesia had sailed thousands of miles to the southwest and unplanned discovered two large islands that presently make up New Zealand. Over the centuries, other bands of sea travelers reached the islands, where they embarked on a struggle...
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...what the central components of a Maori worldview are ensuring that you fully explain at least four values. The four values that will be explained in this essay are Tapu, Whakapapa, and Tikanga. Worldview is the perspective of the world in which we live in (Ka'ai, 2004). The purpose of this essay is to discuss and provide a strong understanding of the central components and to fully explain four values pertaining to the Maori worldview. Firstly, this essay will define the terminology “Maori worldview”. Secondly, it will discuss the value of tapu and its importance in the Maori worldview. Thirdly, it will illustrate the value whakapapa and how it is one of many primary values in the Maori worldview. Lastly, it will provide an understanding of the value tikanaga and how it encompasses all Maori values. To understand a Maori worldview is by understanding these key indicators tribal identity, land and landscape, spirituality, language, culture, diversity, kinship structure, self-determination, concept of time, cultural knowledge and reciprocity these indicate the importance of Maori values each being a central component in the Maori worldview (Ka'ai, 2004). Therefore, this Maori worldview is considers the holism approach; meaning that all these values impact individually and collectively work together in creating a Maori worldview. Tikanga has been described as Maori customary values and practices. According, to Williams ‘Dictionary of Maori Language’ who provides many examples...
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...Maori Body Ornaments and Jewelry Introduction New Zealand is an island located in the Pacific Ocean. This island consists of a very interesting group of people called the Maori. The Maori people are Polynesian decent. People who are Polynesian are usually people who come from the islands and have the same morals, values, beliefs and also the same language. The Maori people consist of just that. The Maori believe in many different origins and they have many traditional attributions that flow deeply into their cultural beliefs. One of the Maori’s cultural and traditional activities is creating body ornaments and jewelry. If not some but all of the Maori body ornaments and jewelry have a story, religious meaning or historic attribute towards that item in particular. The Maori make their jewelry with passion and strength, it also lets a strong awareness come about it. Maori designs are very harmonious with its crafters tradition and beliefs. Body Ornaments and Jewelry The Maori people are a very distinctive and decorative race. They have a very interesting way of expressing themselves. They have very distinctive cultural tattoos, somewhat unusual body piercings, and handcrafted jewelry(Deluxe Templates,2009). The handcrafted body ornaments and jewelry play a very important role in the Maori culture(pp.3). Each piece is made with a lot of time, effort, passion, strength, love, a lot of a detail and precision. During the 10th century, the Maori made spectacular achievements...
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...* The Maori King Movement was the Maori saying they had been excluded from political decision-making and they wanted to determine their own destiny. * Tamihana thought up the idea of forming a Maori kingdom and electing a Maori king after coming back from England in 1851. * The 1852 constitution act had not given the Maori and power, so they were beginning to say that they needed their own political institutions. * The Maori wanted to get all tribes into a unity, but still preserve the mana of the chiefs. * The Maori chose electing a king over putting their mana under a woman because the king would hold the prestige of the people, hold the land and stop the flow of blood. * Because they wanted to parallel the European aristocrats, the Maori chose "king" as the title for their leader over various other names such as "Matua", "Taungaroa", "Kahutatara" and "Toihau". * There are some qualities that are needed in order to become king. There were: -Mana Tangata: Prestige on the human side. This is got through geological connections with the leading men of the ancestral canoes, traced through the senior male line. -Mana Whenua: Fame attached to significant landmarks within the tribal territories of the chiefs. -Mana Kai: Control over lands and waters which could provide good, plentiful foods. * The elected king turned out to be Te Wherowhero of Waikato, who took the name of Potatau. * The kotuku (White Heron) was used as...
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...dedicated to teaching and learning, and he believed that the word ‘whare’ was figurative, where others Anderson (1948), Best (1992), Mitchell (1972) Tregar (1904), and Makareri (Maggie Papkura,1938) give physical descriptions of the Whare Wananga and therefore argue the existence of buildings, reserved for teaching and learning, however in the context of this assignment there is no real relevance as to wether it’s existence was physical or figurative, as it is the actual existence and purpose of the Whare Wananga that has sustained the survival of our language and culture and will preserve it in the future . To give context to the traditional role of the Whare Wananga, we must explore Akonga Maori: Ako is a traditional Maori concept that can be translated as Maori pedagogy. In tradition-based Maori society, ako was an educative process that was integral in the creation,...
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...Karaitiana Date: .2014 | Write a 500 word response that outlines how your piece of work links to your views and that of the articles on social constructivism of identity. | INTRODUCTION No human being is culture free. We are a product of the many different cultures which surround us. Our values, worldview and experiences are structured by the society and culture that exert influences on our lives each day, however we will be talking about Nga Taumata Whakahirahira in links to Durie’s Tapawha Model and the main ideas in concepts and values through Maori social and tribal structures which may further enhance through possibilities of a Maori way of life, this also provides us with the outlines of how my resource or piece of artwork links to my views and that of the articles and the social...
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...Brooke Bragenzer Period 2 New Zealand Colonization The history of New Zealand dates back at least 700 years to when it was discovered and settled by Polynesians, who developed a distinct Māori culture centered on kinship links and land. The first European explorer to sight New Zealand was Abel Janszoon Tasman on 13 December 1642. Captain James Cook, who reached New Zealand in October 1769 on the first of his three voyages, was the first European explorer to circumnavigate and map New Zealand Polynesian Settlement Aotearoa (the Maori name for New Zealand, which translates as 'Land of the Long White Cloud') was first settled by Maori between 950 and 1130 AD. Highly sophisticated ocean navigators, Maori journeyed south through the Pacific from their original homeland, Hawaiiki (believed to be near Tahiti), to their new home of Aotearoa. Aotearoa possessed a more temperate climate than their original Pacific Island home, with no indigenous mammals (aside from the native bat) to hunt for food. Bird and marine life was plentiful however, and Maori also began to cultivate kumara, taro and yam. Isolated from other Polynesian peoples by thousands of miles of ocean, Maori developed a unique and vibrant culture of their own, reflecting their natural environment and affinity with the land. Maori, the tangata whenua (people of the land) were the only inhabitants of New Zealand for over 600 years, until the arrival of European explorers in the mid 1600s. European Exploration In...
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...WHAIORA: MĀORI HEALTH DEVELOPMENT by MASON DURIE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1998 (2ND EDITION) Keriata Stuart Ministry of Health In reviewing this book, it is fitting to recall the recent passing of Mason Durie's father. While Durie dedicates Whaiora to his mokopuna, and to future generations, the book also serves to recognise and respect the efforts of all those who have worked quietly for Māori development. One small measure of the influence of this book on Aotearoa New Zealand can be found inside the title page, which reveals that it was reprinted four times over the four years between the first edition of 1994 and this revised edition. Whaiora was launched at the Hui Whakapumau of 1994, in a climate where the Māori present were both deeply aware of the opportunities being offered by the 1993 changes to the health system, and concerned about the impacts that years of economic shocks were having on the health of iwi, hapu and whānau. Whaiora could not have been published at a better time. The many interwoven themes can best be summed up in Durie's own introduction: "Māori health development is essentially about Māori defining their own priorities for health and then weaving a course to realise their collective aspirations" (p.1). The book reminded us that in Te Ao Tawhito (the world before European arrival) an integrated view of health was central to the functioning of Māori society. Whaiora told stories, some known to many and some new or freshly told, of the...
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...Brandon DeJesus 02/06/14 Music’s of the World Thomas Bingham The Haka The Haka, or dance of war, is an ancient Maori dance used to demonstrate a tribes pride, strength, and unity. The Haka was performed for many different occasions in Maori culture, but is most known for its use in pre-battle ritual. Its purpose on the battlefield was to intimidate the opposition before the battle has started. In modern day society the Haka has been reformed into a different meaning. It is now widely renowned as a pregame ritual for the New Zealand rugby team the All Blacks, and has previously been called “the greatest ritual in all of sports.” The Haka origin date is still unknown, but it grew to be known worldwide in the early 1900’s when it was introduced as a pregame ritual by the New Zealand rugby union team. Haka such as the “Ka Mate” and “Tena Koe Kangaroo” became a pregame tradition for all rugby teams in New Zealand. These teams looked forward to not only perform the Haka, but to also show off to their fans. Many fans of rugby tend to revere the All Blacks as the best rugby club in the world. Fans of rugby all over the world watch in awe as the best team in the world performs the most intense pregame ritual known to man. Many fans demonstrate their loyalty to their favorite teams by performing what is now known as a Flash Haka. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puXad30DSfg This video demonstrates the amount of pride and loyalty fans have in their team. Many...
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...There are many factors which contribute to the state of Maori health in the 21st century. This essay focuses on the decline of the pre-European Maori health methods of diet and communal living as well as the impact this has had on the Maori race today. Maori health today is considerably different to Maori health of the 18th century. Obesity, cancer, heart disease and diabetes are significant health issues surrounding Maori people today. (Otago,2007). There are many factors which contribute to these health problems, it is assumed that these health issues have arisen due to drastic changes in diet and loss of culture due to westernisation Maori people of today are eating a predominantly western diet which consists of fatty sugary and salty foods which are covenant, cheap and have been proven to have ill effects on health and wellbeing. If we examine the pre-European diet of the Maori race which consisted of the kiore (native rat, now extinct) birdlife, seafood, seals and whales (coastal areas) as the main source of protein, the principal vegetable foods were taro, kumara, also pikopiko, and puha when available. Many berries in the forest were eaten raw, others were boiled and eaten. From the evidence of Hohepa Te rake (Ettie A. Rout, 1926) “food was regarded not only as the body’s natural sustenance but also as a natural corrective”. Maori believed that to the overall health of the body was maintained by the digestive system and ate foods that regulated the bowels...
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...discussion identifies breaches of Te Tiriti in regards to health and the consequences for Maori. Finally the potential role that Te Tiriti plays in the health recovery for Maori concludes this dialogue. Prior to European in Aotearoa, Māori lived successfully. Comprehensive histories, legends and ancestral links were recited daily in this oral culture (Selby & Laurie, 2005). Explorer Cook established mutually valuable contact with the natives and this was time of great economic development for Māori (Orange, 1990). Trading and bartering increased as Whalers, Sealers and others called to renew supplies. Kororareka became a well-known stop for sailors, gaining the nickname, “hell hole of the pacific” as lawlessness and brothels thrived (Walker, 1990). Māori had concerns that Pakeha were becoming progressively unruly and compelled Pakeha leaders to control their people. James Busby was consigned by the Crown to establish order and govern the settlers. With concerns of Frenchman Charles de Thierry’s desire to claim Aotearoa (State Services Commission, 2005, p. 17), Busby persuaded 34 chiefs to sign a Declaration of Independence for New Zealand (Orange, 2004). Unfortunately this had no immediate effect and subsequently Captain Hobson was sent to Aotearoa specifically for annexation (King, 2003). Overnight, Hobson and Busby drafted the treaty, missionary Williams and his son translated it to Māori. February 6 1840 at Waitangi 40 Chiefs signed (Orange, 2004). Orange (2004) suggests...
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...Maori Health Questions 1. Ko Jane toku ingoa No Korea ahau Kei Auckland aku matua, e noho ana inaianei He intern pharmacist ahau. No reira, tena kotou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa. 2. The concept is to introduce myself by first relating my place in the world and then who I am. It is to explain which culture and background I am from. 3.The Maori practiced public health by unwritten regulatory system enforced by shred beliefs and communal integrity. The philosophy supporting this system depended on all things being distinguished as either noa or tapu. Maori believed disobedience of the tapu resulted in rebuke, mental suffering and even physical consequences such as body wasting and death. Definition of Noa: It is the freedom of mind and spirit that comes about through being acknowledged, enhanced, restored and healed. In the negative sense, it is the state of diminished tapu, of weakness and powerless resulting from violation. Definition of Tapu: Restrictions and prohibitions that protect tapu( welling, dignity, and sacredness) from violation. Psycological, emotional, spiritual and cultural wellbeing. Dignity and sacredness. 4. Tohunga is healers who were well respected and very knowledgeable leaders alongside the rangatira. Tohunga manage the differences between tapu and noa. Some skillful tohunga addressed physical symptoms as well as the underlying spiritual cause. The rangatira are political leaders or chiefs. 5. Because Europeans did not hold...
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...into my field of practice in the drug and alcohol sector. The key points I have covered include: Partnership, culture history, building rapport with a client, body language, protection, Te Whare Tapa Wha, participation and kanui to kanui. The primary basic for biculturalism in New Zealand is the Treaty of Waitangi a historical document of agreement signed between Maori and the Crown in 1840. The Treaty of Waitangi can provide all New Zealanders, especially those seeking equity, with clear guidance and support to reflect the three Treaty principles of partnership, protection, and participation. In the New Zealand Association of Counselors code of ethics they make mention to the Treaty of Waitangi. “Counselors shall seek to be inform about the meaning and implications of the Treaty of Waitangi for their work. They shall understand the principles of protection, participation and partnership with Maori” I feel that protection, participation and partnership should be the keys things that I look at when setting up a bi-cultural practice because it is not only about needs but also it is the right that all Maori and Pakeha have guaranteed to them by the virtue of the treaty of Waitangi. First I will look at Partnership this is one of the core values in the code of ethics for counselors. A partnership involves working together with all cultures, understanding differences, working together in separate roles, respecting each other’s values and beliefs, developing strategies...
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