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Mercadona Supermarket

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Submitted By Merbos
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1. Analiza los recursos y capacidades de Mercadona.

* Ofrecer precios bajos en todo momento ante que las promociones en períodos determinados. * Prestigio en la calidad de sus marcas propias con precios por debajo de la competencia. * No solo copia lo existente obteniendo un buen resultado y un precio inferior sino que también innova con productos nuevos que los clientes reclaman o necesitan. * Se convierte en el supermercado más barato reduciendo costes en sus envasados pero nunca en la calidad de los productos. * Seducción del cliente con la venta de productos baratos y de tan buena calidad de las marcas existentes. * Gran preocupación por lo que el cliente necesita. Busca la mejor manera de satisfacer su necesidades ya sea por el precio, el uso del producto, su practicidad, etc. * Mercadona elimina productos que no aportan una gran necesidad al consumidor. * Conecta con la demanda del consumidor adaptando las posibilidades de oferta de los fabricantes en precio y calidad. * Gran exigencia y pautas con sus proveedores y los fabricantes que elaboran las marcas blancas de Mercadona a quien se les exige a abaratar en su sistema de fabricación de manera que también el coste de sus productos sea bajo. Además la empresa lleva un riguroso seguimiento en sus procesos. * Obtención de exclusividad y acuerdos con los proveedores para ser los únicos fabricantes solo para Mercadona y sus marcas blancas. * Se adelanta a las innovaciones de productos antes que las empresas especializadas en determinado producto. * A sus empleados los seduce con un contrato indefinido con salarios más altos que el resto del sector y primas por beneficios a cambio de ser eficiente 100% en su trabajo. Política de esfuerzo y trabajo. De esta manera logra que la tasa de productividad sea más elevada que sus competidores.

2. Analiza la cultura de Mercadona.
Mercadona ha logrado con su filosofía y modelo de negocio posicionar un concepto: la marca blanca. La concepción de un buen producto, a buen precio era impensable para una sociedad que se había educado en las marcas. Siempre se comenta si es barato es peor, si es caro es bueno. Nada más lejos de la realidad. Mercadona ha penetrado en el público general observando los pequeños detalles de la vida cotidiana, favoreciendo el precio y no suprimiendo con ello calidad. La decisión para ajustarse a la demanda ha sido cambiar ciertos aspectos que encarecían el coste de producción del mismo, como la tapa de un envase, el material de fabricación. Pero siempre en favor de conservar la esencia y calidad del producto, contando con la opinión de su público.

Por otro lado, no sólo hablamos de marca blanca como tal, éstas tienen nombre y apellido. Su notable inversión en I+D+I y su incursión en sectores como la cosmética, alimentación canina…han hecho que Deliplus o Compy formen parte del universo de marcas a las que igualarse en el lineal de compra.

Es muy interesante ver como personas de clase media-alta van a Mercadona a hacerse con la última crema de caviar facial, porque le han hablado muy bien de ella. El sector de la cosmética, siempre ha destacado por un precio muy por encima a lo que la clase media mayoritaria podría permitirse. Con esta innovación, acercan la cosmética a un público enorme y además fomentan el consumo. La cantidad de variedad de producto es tan amplia que por el bajo coste que supone puedes hacerte con varios de estos productos que son de consumo diario: el maquillaje, la higiene personal, etc.

También, hay que destacar en ello la negociación con las marcas líderes para ofrecer su producto a los costes de Mercadona. Esto supone para la cadena de supermercado una selección de las mejores marcas que tenga presencia en sus lineales, pero siempre bajo un compromiso con el precio.

Mercadona no sólo consigue posicionar un público objetivo muy amplio sino consolidar un modelo de negocio a imitar: la política de precios bajos todo el año. Prácticamente ningún supermercado puede ofrecer calidad-precio igual que Mercadona. La innovación constante en ofrecer nuevas líneas de productos, fomenta el consumo y la productividad de los empleados para favorecer la actividad contínua hacen de Mercadona, no un supermercado más, sino un icono en pro de la cultura Mercadona y sus fieles consumidores.

3. En la relación con proveedores ¿Puede hablarse de integración vertical o semintegración vertical?
Sí, Mercadona aplica una estrategia de integración vertical con la intención de crear valor para todos los grupos intervinientes en el negocio: clientes, proveedores, recursos humanos y capital.
Esta estrategia consiste en procurar que la empresa funcione como una cadena de montaje, controlando todo el proceso desde la obtención de la materia prima hasta las tiendas.
Para la aplicación de esta fórmula, Mercadona ha sido pionera en la estandarización de todos los procesos, desde el análisis de las necesidades, el suministro de materias primas y productos, el transporte desde el proveedor al bloque logístico y desde allí a la tienda; y, finalmente, la gestión de las operaciones en el supermercado.
No olvidemos que la ventaja competitiva de Mercadona se base en costes, y algunos factores que hacen posible este liderazgo en cuanto a Mercadona son:

* Establecimiento de relaciones con proveedores mediante eslabones verticales de las cadenas de valor de unos y otros que abaraten los costes finales.

* Rígidos controles de costes de las diferentes actividades, como los costes indirectos, los gastos en I+D, los gastos de ventas, el servicio posventa, la publicidad, etc.

* Por lo tango en relación con los Proveedores se puedes hablar de integración vertical hacia atrás.

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