...Scripture in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” discusses the use of prayer and scripture in a Christian view of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Tan, S. 2007). The article also discusses the expansion of cognitive Behavior Therapy to include Mindfulness Based Cognitive Behavioral therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (Tan, S. 2007). The article also discusses implicit and explicit integration in therapy (Tan, S. 2007). The article begins by discussing the research behind Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Tan, S. 2007) . The article states that it is the most empirically supported therapy treatments(Tan, S. 2007) . Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is used to treat many psychological illnesses (Tan, S. 2007). The author points out that that empirically supported therapy relationships and empirically supported principles of therapeutic change have also played an important role in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy research (Tan, S. 2007). The article goes on to discuss the history of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Tan, S. 2007). The history can be divided into three generations (Tan, S. 2007). The first generation included traditional behavioral therapy (Tan, S. 2007). The second generation included Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Tan, S. 2007). The third generation includes relatively contextual approaches (Tan, S. 2007). These approaches include Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (Tan, S. 2007)...
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...psychological therapists, our task is to devise, evaluate and, most importantly, persuade the client to adopt alternative, healthier, ways of coping; ways that offer less immediate relief, but which do not trap the person in a diminished quality of life. By explaining breakdown in terms of coping with intolerable affect, this approach, developed and evaluated in an acute hospital setting (Durrant, Clarke & Wilson 2007), enables us to offer more adapted skills for coping with affect as the solution. This 'third wave Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)' approach (Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999) takes seriously the discontinuities in human information processing (Teasdale & Barnard 1993) and employs mindfulness to manage them. The coping mechanisms considered are: • Mindfulness • Arousal management techniques • Emotion Regulation skills (Linehan 1993a & b) • Skills for coping with relationships with self and others, including a compassionate mind based approach to self esteem. • Coping with psychosis. Many of these techniques are already familiar in...
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...Brandie James BSHS 321 August 11, 2011 Dr. David Bolton Introduction The interview between clinician and client appears to be the foundation upon which help and healing begins. Depending upon the particular case and diagnosis certain techniques, boundaries and settings will be used to bring about the best results. It appears vital for the clinician to understand how what may appear minor in their opinion could negatively affect their client in the greatest way. A scenario of a 45 year-old Hispanic female diagnosed with clinical depression will be used as a hypothetical case and the approach in helping her will be explored. The attempt to analyze, diagnose and treat her effectively given her unique situation is the goal. With each case and clinician being different it is apparent that unique interviewing skills and techniques must be applied differently for each client. Each person’s set of circumstances and personal characteristics should be considered one of a kind and handle as such. The clinician’s goal is to prepare a stage for the client to become open and accept guidance to healing. Communication Style Griselda Martinez was referred to me by her social worker handling her Child Protective Services case. She is court ordered to have 16 weeks of therapy as part of her reunification plan. Her 12 year-old daughter was removed from the home and placed in temporary foster care because the school psychologist reported possible child neglect and endangerment. Griselda...
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...Journal Article Review: Use of prayer and scripture in therapy Liberty University Use of prayer and scripture in therapy Summary Effectively integrating psychology and theology has been an ongoing endeavor for many Christian therapists who wish to be ethically sound in their therapeutic practices and yet honor the use of the Holy Spirit as the ultimate Counselor and Comforter. Use of prayer and scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy is a study that focuses specifically on the efficacy of the use of prayer and scripture within the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) model. While CBT is more than 30 years old (Tan, 2007, pg. 101), it has been “expanded to include mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies” (Tan, 2007, pg. 101). The author bases his article on the findings that there are a minimum of 10 outcome studies providing empirical support regarding the efficacy of “religiously-oriented or spiritually-oriented CBT with religious clients” (Tan, 2007, pg. 102). The article describes the author’s development and use of an ethical and appropriate approach to utilizing prayer and scripture within a Christian modality of CBT. The author has used this approach in a variety of settings including hospital, college, and private practice. The key points to his Christian approach to CBT very briefly include the emphasis of agape love, dealing adequately with past issues, the possibility of demonic involvement, use of alignment with God’s word, focusing on problems with...
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...Behavior Therapy: Basic Concepts, Assessment Methods, and Applications. Different kinds of psychotherapies have existed throughout history, and have always been rooted in philosophical views of human nature (Wachtel P., 1997). Specifically, behavior therapy intents to help individuals overcome difficulties in nearly any aspect of human experience (Thorpe G. & Olson S., 1990). The techniques of behavior therapy have been applied to education, the workplace, consumer activities, and even sports, but behavior therapy in clinical settings is largely concerned with the assessment of mental health problems. In general, behavior therapy is a type of psychotherapy that aims on changing undesirable types of behavior. It engages in identifying objectionable, maladaptive behaviors and replacing them with healthier ones. . According to Rimm D. & Masters J. (1974), the label “behavior therapy” comprises a large number of different techniques that make use of psychological-especially learning- principles to deal with maladaptive human behavior. Behavior therapy is a relative new kind of psychotherapy (Corsini R. & Wedding D., 2008). As a systematic approach, behavior therapy began in the 1950’s, in order to assess and treat psychological disorders. Behavior therapy was developed by a small group of psychologists and physicians who were not satisfied with the conventional techniques of psychotherapy (Thorpe G. et al, 1990). They linked behavior therapy to experimental psychology, differentiating...
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...A Cochrane review found low-to-moderate quality evidence that acupuncture improves pain and stiffness, but the effect was similar to that of sham acupuncture. In addition, in this Cochrane review, the benefit only lasted up to 1 month after therapy. There was also a suggestion that electroacupuncture, in which current is conducted through electrodes attached to acupuncture needles, may be more effective than manual acupuncture. However, this review was also limited by a paucity of large, well-designed trials. Acupuncture is traditionally used as only one component of a holistic, individualized treatment plan. One recent RCT (N=162) evaluated acupuncture in a more naturalistic clinical setting (Vas). In this study, women with fibromyalgia were referred from their primary care doctors to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practitioners who applied customized acupuncture treatments in 20-minute weekly sessions for 9 weeks based on the patient’s TCM diagnosis. The control intervention was the sham application of empty guide tubes to the back without puncturing the skin. At 6-month follow up, there was a small improvement in overall well-being, moderate improvement in pain, and moderate improvement in physical function. These effects were attenuated at 1 year, but there were additional confounders such as increased antidepressant...
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...exposed to this type of trauma, people need to identify and deal with their own emotional reactions and how this relates to their own experiences. As well as modulate their feelings and organize their thinking (Geller, Madsen, & Ohrenstein, 2004). The capacity to empathize, to feel with another person is the focal point of psychotherapy (McCann & Pearlman, 1990). That being the case, clinicians need to learn how to think clearly, modulate their emotions, feel effective when working with clients and maintain help that they are going to be effective. But, if the clinician is put into these states of stress by virtue of listening to others, they may feel inclined to withdraw from their clients (Geller et. al, 2004). When creating a psychotherapeutic relationship between a therapist and a client one approach that is considered as compatible with our theories and clinical foundations is that of the mindfulness based approach. According to Germer (2005), there are two general approaches that clinicians have applied in their clinical work. That of being mindful in psychotherapy and mindfulness – based psychotherapy (Turner, 2008). These two approaches have been shown to be effective and beneficial when in a therapeutic environment. Through...
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...Dialectical Behavior Therapy to Treat Borderline Personality Disorder Kari Deutscher University of Saint Francis Abstract Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a specific type of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy initially developed by Marsha Linehan for the treatment of individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder and additional psychiatric disorders associated with emotion dysregulation. DBT is currently the most frequently investigated psychosocial intervention for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). DBT’s treatment program includes weekly skills training group led by two therapists, individual therapy, telephone consultation, and consultation team meetings. Over the years, DBT has been proven to be beneficial in treating...
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...Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviors and cognitive processes and contents through a number of goal-oriented, explicit systematic procedures. The name refers to behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and to therapy based upon a combination of basic behavioral and cognitive principles and research. CBT is thought to be effective for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including mood, anxiety, personality, eating, substance abuse, tic, and psychotic disorders. Many CBT treatment programs for specific disorders have been evaluated for efficacy; the health-care trend of evidence-based treatment, where specific treatments for symptom-based diagnoses are recommended, has favored CBT over other approaches such as psychodynamic treatments.[1] CBT was primarily developed through an integration of behavior therapy (the term "behavior modification" appears to have been first used by Edward Thorndike) with cognitive psychology research, first by Donald Meichenbaum and several other authors with the label of cognitive-behavior modification in the late 1970s. This tradition thereafter merged with earlier work of a few clinicians, labeled as Cognitive Therapy (CT), developed by Aaron Beck, and Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) developed by Albert Ellis. While rooted in rather different theories, these two traditions have been characterized by a constant reference to experimental research to test hypotheses...
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...Research paper on Anxiety Disorder Jeffrey S. Fletcher, M.A. Kathleen B. Stinger Psychopathology and Counseling, Coun 656 4, May 2014 Author Note Jeffrey S. Fletcher, Student, Liberty University. Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Jeffrey S. Fletcher, Jfletcher1@liberty.edu Abstract This research paper is designed to review articles and books of professional journals in anxiety disorders, definition of anxiety disorder, review of current and past treatments of anxiety disorders, the new section and changes to anxiety disorder in the DSM-5, new treatments for anxiety disorders and medications for anxiety disorders. This paper will show spiritual considerations for treating anxiety disorders and how religion can improve one’s condition. It will show how CBT treatment of anxiety disorders have not been very successful and how medication has its limitations in treatment of anxiety disorders. This paper will also show what this clinician has learned and will take forward into the daily practice of treating adolescents with anxiety disorders. Keywords: anxiety, anxiety disorders, DSM-5, treatment Introduction When we talk about anxiety we have to distinguish between healthy anxiety or normal anxiety and anxiety disorders. It is normal to have a certain amount of anxiety for instance when one is in danger it is normal to become anxious. To have an anxiety disorder your anxiety would have to interfere with your life in a negative way. Anxiety...
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...Mindfulness meditation (MM), body awareness, and yoga are mindfulness techniques used in a cognitive therapy called Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) that are used to help people to develop a more mindful outlook on things. Out of these techniques, MM has be recognized in empirical work for its ability to promote positive psychological well-being. Many empirical articles have conducted studies on patients who suffer with mental illnesses and disorders such as anxiety disorder, depression, and chronic pain-symptom reduction and in these studies MM has been strongly related to improvement within these patients mental health (Wolkin, 2015). However, loving –kindness, compassion, forgiveness, gratitude, acceptance and best-self-visualization...
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...Report The Eating and Weight Disorder Center of Seattle (EWDC) is one out of a group of treatment centers in Seattle called Evidence-Based Treatment Centers (EBTC). EWDC offers treatment for different eating and weight disorders. The program does not single out one type of population, as they serve a variety of populations. The disorders that EWDC help their clients with do not stand-alone as they usually lead to medical complications and mental health issues. These concerns were instrumental in determining the opening of the EWDC. It is important that individuals seek help, as it is the first step to recovery. Staff The staff at EWDC includes five licensed psychologists. Angela Doyle and Peter Doyle are both co-directors and licensed psychologists. Co-authoring many articles and book chapters, Dr. Angela Doyle also presents her work at national and international conferences. Dr. Peter Doyle authored and pre-authored numerous articles and book chapters in peer-reviewed journals and delivers invited speaks of eating disorders at notional and international conferences. Angela Davis earned a Ph.D. in clinical psychology worked at Harborview Medical Center on a study evaluating cognitive behavior therapy for over-weight and obese adults with binge eating disorders. She has also received extensive training in the latest version of cognitive-behavior therapy for eating disorder. Dr. Davis has authored and co-authored book chapters and research articles and journals. She has presented...
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...Case Conceptualization using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Michelle Banks Liberty University Abstract Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a short-term, problem-focused, and goal-orientated form of psychotherapy. CBT is a form of treatment that focuses on the relationship between thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Dysfunctional automatic thoughts, maladaptive assumptions, and maladaptive behaviors are three focuses of CBT. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most extensively researched forms of psychotherapy. There are various ethical issues and several multi-cultural issues that need to be considered with CBT case formulation. Intake discussions with client and analysis of her assessment information suggest a pattern of dysfunctional automatic thoughts, maladaptive assumptions, and maladaptive behaviors. CBT techniques that will be used with client are behavioral activation, monitoring automatic thoughts, and exposure therapy. There may be spiritual challenges in utilizing Christian counseling with CBT. CBT and Christian counseling have are both compatible and incompatible. Case Conceptualization using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a short-term, problem-focused, and goal-orientated form of psychotherapy (Beck, 2011). CBT is not one specific treatment approach; rather it includes a combination of elements from cognitive, behavior, and emotion therapy (Murdock, 2013). CBT is a continuously evolving theory...
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...broken into biological components. So when dealing with anger, Dr. Mark Goulston asks, “What comes first in anger, a low level of functional dopamine and serotonin or an adrenaline surge?” First off, both dopamine and serotonin are actual chemicals transmitted through brain that have very positive effects. When you have a high level of these two chemicals you usually will feel more upbeat, care-free, happy, and not so easily angered. But when you have a low level of these two chemicals you feel groggy, irritable, and more stressed. Another factor comes into play that determines our anger and that is adrenaline. Adrenaline is also a chemical that is triggered by excitement and threat. In the case of excitement, it triggers a near (but not true) manic level of intense activity. In the case of threat, it triggers a “fight or flight” response. “When someone or something suddenly surprises and upsets you,...
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...Disorder Specific Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Interventions – WHM-M-030 Introduction The purpose of the paper is to discuss the current theory and empirical literature for using a transdiagnostic approach in cognitive behaviour therapy and it’s relevance in current practice. I will discuss the theory and evidence for using a transdiagnostic approach and highlight the main processes. A discussion on the strengths and limitations of the approach will conclude the first part of the paper. The second part will be a review of personal clinical work discussing the transdiagnostic process and its hypothesised effectiveness. To conclude the author will provide a personal reflection. There has been a long widely accepted claim for the effectiveness of CBT with prolific amount of evidence for it’s effectiveness for Depression, Anxiety and Mood disorders (Roth & Fongy, 1995) Models such as cognitive therapy for depression (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979), panic disorder (Clark, 1986,), posttraumatic stress disorder (Clark & Ehlers, 2004); and obsessive-compulsive disorder (Salkovskis, 1989) have led to disorder-specific interventions for treating common mental health problems. The benefits of devising a model on specific disorders is the high degree of research and comparable data involved; from that the therapist will be highly trained in the use of the model to deliver the approach for each disorder (Salkovskis 2002). Disorder specific models are seen to be easily delivered...
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