...Disenfranchises African Americans Ever since Section 4b of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was struck down, disenfranchisement of African Americans has been underway. Politicians are starting to put in place laws that require everyone who wants to vote to obtain a photo identification to show at voting sites in order to prohibit voter fraudulence. Picture this, an African American family, who are members of the poor sector, who do not own a car, and barely survives. Imagine the parents of this family who have jobs that barely allow them to feed their families and pay the bills on time. Now imagine the irritation those parents feel when they aren’t able to pay for a voter identification to vote in elections so they can make the attempt to make their lives better. Then on top of that most of the DMV offices are never close by African American neighborhoods. These families do not have the proper funds to pay someone for gas to take them to a DMV, buy two voter identification cards, pay the bills, and feed the children on limited funds. Voter identification laws are said to prevent voter fraud so that elections are fair; instead they hurt the African American population, and corruption still continues. Instead of trying to allow poor African Americans the equal chance to vote as those who can afford it, politicians who approve of voter identification laws are making it quite impossible for African Americans to exercise their right. Voter ID laws discriminate against poor African Americans because...
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...case is based on a female, African American high school student by the name of Cassie Brown. Cassie is a senior at Jefferson High School right before the turning of the new millennium. The story takes place not far from a very poor inner city. Cassie has found that after many years of wanting to become a mathematics teacher, she is now questioning her dream. The reason Cassie has become uncertain of her goal is from an encounter she had with her mathematics teacher, Mr. Tempe. Cassie was unable to understand how to solve a calculus problem which Mr. Tempe tried twice to explain to her. After the second attempt, he informed her that she might want to reconsider becoming a math teacher: “There are not many minorities in this field and you are also female and African American” (Taylor and Whittaker, 210). There are several issues arising from this case, primarily the perception that the people in the case impose upon the female, African American minority. This perception is that black women are not equal in capability and intelligence and therefore unlikely to be successful in the fields of mathematics and science. Cassie made reference to the fact that she was among only 5 other African American girls in her class, accounting for just one Reyes2 third of the students. This leads to the issue of the under representation of the female, African American population. In this case...
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...privilege is the theory that describes the treatment of white people as exceptional over that of other races. While we often discuss the clear cases where other races are being discriminated against there is still yet another power at play. The world’s subconscious attraction to the American or European aesthetic. It is the advantage given out of the subconscious desire to give instead of the desire to withhold from others. | Racial profiling | Racial profiling takes place when law enforcement officials make a conscious decision to take action or not take action on the basis of race of the offender. If a police officer pulls a black person over while driving because he or she is driving through a predominantly white neighborhood, then that officer would be guilty of racial profiling. | Racism | Racism is the belief and actions taken based on the belief that race determines the level of human a person is. During the slave trades many traders treated the African slaves as dogs and believed they were such, cattle to do their bidding. They did not judge them on their historical knowledge of the group because they had very limited historical knowledge. They based their decisions about and treatment of the Africans solely on their race. | Reverse discrimination | Reverse discrimination describes the thought that the laws created to protect minorities from discrimination actually put the majority group at a disadvantage. Affirmative action might often be heard in discussions about reverse...
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...Media Influence on African American Males Keana Noyd California State University, Northridge PAS 325- The Black Male in Contemporary Times May 12, 2014 Abstract If a black man is mentioned in the news, newspaper, magazine ads, television shows, or internet blogs, it is usually related to a negative, stereotypical thought of black men as a whole. The media constantly produces images of black men as sexually-instable, violent, and unintelligent. Such portrayals ultimately influence the nation when it comes to what black men are thought to be like. If the media gave honest and positive portrayals of black men, less racism would exist because people would be able to see the black men of this world for who they really are. In this paper, I give examples of how black men are negatively portrayed in the media and suggest how such misrepresentation can be stopped; by positive portrayals of black men in the media. Over the decades, the media has become an extremely influential power tool when it comes to making assertions about certain groups of people. African-Americans are one of the media’s many victims of false generalizations that influence the world beyond the television screens. Black men are constantly depicted as sexually-instable, angry, uneducated criminals throughout the media, in which, has an ultimate effect on how these men are represented throughout this society. Such depictions are one of the reasons why racism and stereotypical beliefs continue to exist throughout...
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...These misrepresentations are largely the fault of the scientist, who should not only ensure that all statements are supported with accurate data, but also clarify the proof of the evidence and avoid making decisions based on the likelihood of a defendant’s involvement (Garret-2009). False confessions are confessions that are untrue and usually end in the person that’s being interviewed falsely identifying a suspect, confessing to a crime that he/she didn’t commit or providing other incorrect information. Brandon Garrett’s 2010 analysis focused on the substance of false confessions to determine external factors. His studies were conducted to determine psychological techniques that would cause a person to give a false confession. Forty DNA exonerations were...
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...and Deliver (1988), and Our Family Wedding (2010), I have found that representation of race in film has largely remained the same, while the acknowledgement of existing stereotypes has become more obvious. The 1960’s-1970’s was a time characterized by Irish Mob Wars (Durney 2000), Hollywood conservative backlash films, and the ongoing misrepresentation of American Indians in film (Larson 2006). One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest is a movie is about a criminal who pretends to be crazy so that he can serve his sentence in the relatively comfortable confines of an insane asylum rather than a prison. We see the results of the historical events represented in characters from this movie such as Randle Patrick McMurphy, Mr. Turkle, the ward’s guards, and Chief Bromden. The Irish have been infamous for their mafia and organized crime, especially in the Cleveland area. Perhaps their most publicly recognized contribution to the media’s fascination with violence is the Mob Wars of the mid-1970’s (Durney 2000). These huge displays of violence prepped the audience of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest to easily accept the character of McMurphy, an Irish American good-for-nothing who has been convicted of gambling and battery, as well as charged with statutory rape (One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest 1975). With coverage of violent crimes being committed by Irish mobs in the news, this character is logically personified...
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...designed for business students to give them a focus in law in the society and business environment. It deals with a panorama of the most important activities in the business law which will enable them to understand and function effectively in today’s business environment. Course target The target group for this unit is the undergraduate students pursuing the business studies as a course. Course delivery This course will be administered using lectures and group discussions. The students’ participation in group assignments will contribute to their final course grade. Learning outcomes By the end of this unit, it is expected that the students will be able to: * Identify the entities involved in business law * Know the criteria that company managers can use to make business law decisions. * Appreciate the sources of law in Kenya and constitution making * Appreciate the law of persons, law of contract, law of tort, law of agency and negotiable instruments and their respective applications in the business environment. COURSE PLAN week | course topic | key coverage | mode of presentation | Evaluation orExercise | One | Nature and functions of law in society and business environment | 1. Classification of law 2. Sources of law in Kenya * Constitution * Statute law * Delegated legislation * Statutes of general application | Lecture | Class attendance and presentation | Two | | * Common law * Equity law * Case law * Islamic law * African customary law |...
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...Native American Music: A Root of Contemporary Music Yet Explored What is Native American Music? As our class brainstormed ideas for research, I already knew what topic I wanted to explore. Having been a musician, closely involved with music my entire life, I directed my focus toward Native American music. Before I began to develop any sort of directed, narrowed research questions, I asked myself first, “What is Native American music?” Regarding various definitions of the so-called “genre,” I discovered that Native American music shouldn’t be typified into any genre or defined style of music. It was the perspective toward music that was unique to Native peoples, and this perspective is key in understanding the Native American influence on later creations of music. Definition and Philosophy Native peoples tend to view their music in a distinctly different way from Euro-Americans. To Natives, music is thought; music appeared to be particularly inclusive into Native Americans’ way of life, and is unique in its origin, meaning, and efficacy. To ask “what is Native American music?” would be a question foreign to Native Americans, especially during the time that Native American music was first discovered. One aspect of music specific to indigenous peoples is its place in daily life. In fact, “its place in human affairs are much more significant to Indians than its mode of construction or technical character.” (Native American Music, 1980, p. 12) Unlike the Euro-American perspective...
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...from the ceiling. This is a typical scenario for the freshman art students’ Tuesday lecture class, but on this one particular day, we are collectively able to muster an unusual amount of enthusiasm for this lecture. The reason? Quite simply, Pablo Picasso. Father of Analytical Cubism, one of the chief figures in modern art, as well as being one of the most well known and most popular, Picasso stands as a towering idol and inspiration to many of us as we recount his history. However, as the lecture goes on, I found out an interesting fact about the painter that took me by surprise. Whenever I though about Picasso and cubism, I had always assumed the style had been his own invention; an original, new way of painting that had come to him from some divine form of inspiration. It was revealed, in that dark room surrounded by other artists and victims of inspiration, that Picasso’s square, blocky, misshapen figures were created from the likeness of African art, or more specifically, African masks (“Picasso”). Admittedly, it is certainly not the most shocking thing I’v ever heard, and I wasn’t in any state of disbelief, but a familiar, uneasy feeling did come over me. I have a strong affinity toward many different forms of rock music, installed into me by my parents and the Beatles at an early age. And soon after I began to learn about the history of the music I loved, I learned how it all came from the African American community, and soon after that, I learned why almost all of the...
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...noted on the top of the application form: • Complete graduate application form and a $55 nonrefundable application fee. The fee is waived for Seattle University alumni. • Submit an official, degree-posted transcript in the original sealed envelope from the last 90 quarter/60 semester credits of your bachelor’s degree, including any transfer institution credit earned during this time period. Official transcripts from any post-baccalaureate institution will also be required. Exceptions to the policy are noted with the degree requirements. Priority Application Deadlines for Terms of Entry 2011-2012 • Evidence of the minimum of an earned four-year baccalaureate degree from a regionally accredited institution or U.S. equivalent. • Students for whom English is a non-native language must demonstrate English proficiency regardless of English language studies, residence in the United States or an English-speaking country, or immigration status. Graduate applicants with a baccalaureate or higher degrees from recognized colleges in the...
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...Orientalism James Berardino Canon Formation 2B: Orientalism Final Copy Orientalism can be best defined as an ill-conceived notion that befalls the ignorant and misconstrues their perception of most, if not all, people belonging to a race or ethnic group that is different than their own. It does so in a manner that perpetuates the perception of individuals from different races, cultures or ethnicities as grotesque, frightening or somehow inferior in the eyes of individuals who have already completely assimilated themselves culturally into the pre-existing social strata of the region in which they inhabit. In other words, orientalism is a social “virus” that is often perpetuated, or “spread”, by fear of the unknown; a virus which insidiously promotes discrimination and segregation based off differences in both culture and appearance, flourishes amongst the ignorant and is prevalent throughout both America’s distant and recent history, as well as in the archives of world history. A parent to ignorance and the culprit to the divisive vices of racial prejudice of all creeds, a lack of sufficient education, along with blatant disregard for one’s global community, is the underlying reason why Orientalism is a recurring theme in history that has yet to be abolished entirely. However, there exist scholars and filmmakers, such as Le Espiritu, Sucheng Chan, Wakako Yamauchi, etcetera, who give hope to the fight against such ignorance by using their work to inform and...
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...Diversity in the Workplace The United States is facing the need to provide nursing care to an increasing diverse patient population with a nursing workforce that, in itself, is impacted by generational, ethnic and gender differences. The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of diversity in the workplace and delivering culturally competent nursing care, the impact of gender diversity, and the misrepresentation of minorities in the nursing profession. Importance of diversity in the workplace America is a kaleidoscope of cultures, religions, races, and nationalities. The USA Quick Facts from the US Census Bureau shows the following 2011 population statistics: White 63.4%, Hispanic/Latino 16.7%, Black/Afro-American 13.1%, Asian 5.0%, American Indian & Alaska Native 1.2%, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders. 0.2%. In 2012 minority population increased to 37% and is projected that minorities will be the majority by 2043. Mason, Leavitt & Chaffee (2012) pointed out that as our population “continues to grow and increase its diversity, it is important that the nursing workforce reflect these changes to effectively meet patient care needs and ensure cultural competency” (p. 378). Cultural assessments must be part of the nurse’s health assessment. To be culturally competent nurses need to be aware of their own culture, and the diverse culture of their colleagues and patient populations (Maier-Lorentz, 2008). Culturally competent nursing care is important...
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...Before freshman orientation, I didn’t know Rondo was a community in Minnesota. I thought that because I grew up in Saint Paul I knew everything there was to know about the city. Yet, in actuality, I know none of the history surrounding this city, or the communities that make it up. During orientation, Jennifer Arnolds took a group of students and me on a bus tour of the Rondo community. While on the bus I remember thinking about how I knew these buildings and physical spaces that we were occupying, but the stories that Jennifer was telling were unfamiliar to me. I-94 has been a staple in my life as long as I can remember, it’s the freeway to get to our Santa pictures in the winter, and the road that brings me home after spending the day at...
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...Chapter 2: The Lockdown Rules of the Game Just Say No Supreme Court Sanctions Legal Misrepresentation The Fourth Amendment isn’t the only rule violated in these situations; most of the American civil liberties have been undermined due to the drug war. The Court has allowed the following: War on Drugs tactics #1: Consent Searches Started in 1960’s but rarely used until the 1970’s -primarily for hostage situations, hijackings, and prison escapes Once arrested, one's chances of ever being truly free of the system of control are slim, often to the vanishing point. Tens of thousands of poor people go to jail every year without ever talking to a lawyer. Approximately 80% of criminal defendants are indigent and thus unable to hire a lawyer. People fear police harassment, retaliation, and abuse−especially poor people of color. Those looking for an attorney often find that unless there are broken bones and no criminal record, private attorney would unlikely be interested in the case. Without significant provision over the authority when exercising police discretion, they can arrest Americans for nonviolent drug charges with relative ease. The Supreme Court lets them do it by, and I quote, “eviscerating Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures by the police.” Due to this, people are outright saying that there is a “virtual drug exception” in the Bill of Rights. What this means is that the Supreme Court is creating and abusing a section of the Bill...
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...get equality and rights. It is known that in 1974, black women began meeting in hopes of defending and clarifying there politics. These women were up against the oppression of men and the color of their skin and many were seeking for change. Their fight against oppression included race, sex, hetero-sexism, and class. “…Black feminism we would like to affirm that we find our Afro-American women's continuous life-and-death struggle for survival and liberation” (Combahee River Collective). These women felt as if it was an obligation to fight for their rights and took it as a matter of life or death situation. Many powerful women arose from the black feminist movement such as: Harriet Tubman, Frances E.W Harper, Ida B. Wells Barnett, Sojourner Truth and Mary Church Terrell. These women were major leaders and collaborators in the black feminist movement. In 1973 The National Black Feminist Organization (NBFO) was created (Combahee River Collective). This organization was created to give the black women some economic and political stance. Even today, African Americans are at the bottom of the American capitalistic economy in regards to the economic positions. These women believed that political work must be organized for the collective benefit. The Black Feminists believed in many things but it brought them across some problems. They were trying to fight too...
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