...The pictures of multiliteracies above depict its multi-modal and cross-cultural nature. Regarding the use of a tablet, it engages children in the sense making processes of reading, as well as viewing icons and images. In addition, icons are often arbitrary and differ across platforms, therefore children must learn to transfer understanding of functions to a range of images. Input for this modality is gestural and can include writing. Similarly, texting on smart phones demonstrates the three aspects of multiliteral design: available designs, designing, and the redesigned (Cope & Kalantzis, 2009). In terms of design, there are conventions and shared meaning in the combination of images and text used. Furthermore, there are cultural differences...
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...and “Peter Parker” pick out the same one person or thing. With that, I can restate the proposition as Mary Jane Watson, Peter Parker’s love interest, believes that Peter Parker can crawl on walls. However now Mary Jane believes this statement is false “de dicto” and true “de re”. It is false “de dicto” because Mary Jane does not know the words to be true; she is not aware that Peter Parker and Spider Man are the same one person or thing. Nevertheless the restated proposition is true “de re” because Spider Man and Peter Parker are the same one person and since Spider Man can crawl on walls it must be true that Peter Parker can crawl on walls. Other terms that we use to clearly state our intention are rigid designators, both temporal and modal. They are terms designed to refer, denote or pick out the same thing in all possible worlds. It only refers to that thing in worlds where it exists and does not refer to anything else in worlds where it does not exist. For example, the statement ‘the governor of California had an affair with the housekeeper’. This statement would need a temporally rigid designator stating the time Arnold Schwarzenegger was governor so that we are able to pick him out. In the state of California, a governors term is four years and it is possible, without reelection, to have a new governor of California every four years. By adding on...
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...Student’s Name Professor’s Name Course Title/Number 17 December 2010 Conceivability as a Guide to Possibility In his scholarly article entitled, Does Conceivability Entail Possibility (2002), Professor David J. Chalmers of the University of Arizona examines the argument that to conceive of something necessarily entails its possibility. Chalmers states that arguments regarding conceivability and possibility typically consist of three parts; the first is the epistemic claim---conceived statement (S); the second is the modal claim---because S is conceived of, S is necessarily possible; and the third is the metaphysical claim, consisting of an assertion about the nature the universe. For example, I can conceive of that my mind exists independent of my brain, therefore it is possible that my mind exists independent of my brain, meaning that the mind is not reducible to the brain. Similarly, I can conceive of seeing without eyes, therefore it is possible that I can see without eyes, meaning that sight is not reducible to eyes, but is something independent of the eyes. But is it? In this second example, in particular, the distinction between a metaphysical possibility and a natural possibility is clear. While it is perhaps metaphysically possible to see without eyes---in a different world with different physical laws that do not require eyes for sight---in our present world, it is not naturally or physically possible to see without eyes. In broader terms, the metaphysical...
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...COVER PAGE Table of contents Introduction 3 Chapter 1 Modal and Semi-Modal Verbs: Theoretical Aspect 4 1.1. Modal and Semi-Modal Verbs and Their Different Interpretations 4 1.2. Syntax, Morphology and Scope of semi-modal verbs 7 Chapter 2: Semi-Modal Verb GET: Practical Aspect 12 2.1. Usage: Tense and Aspect 12 2.2. Different Uses of Semi-Modal Verb GET 14 Conclusions 19 Bibliography 20 Introduction Human language is truly unique as it allows us to talk about things beyond here and now. The way we do so is through the Tense, Aspect and Modality systems of natural language. Modality is what this paper is about. Roughly speaking, modality allows us to talk about events that may not have happened, but are desired or required. Modality is completely autonomous unit, and it affects our language usage in many ways. Tense and Modality are undeniably interconnected: what used to be a possibility a month ago may not be one today. Tense and Aspect are likewise related: a punctual event that took place yesterday may not hold at present, but an event (or state) that is more durative may still hold. The primary function of modal verbs is to enable us to talk about possibilities and necessities. We can talk about the ways the world should be, were there peace on Earth, how it might have been, would Christopher Columbus not have landed in America, etc... This ability to go beyond...
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...Business Correspondence Abstract: As a variety of English, English of business correspondence has its unique grammatical features. This paper discusses the grammatical features in English business correspondence from sentence types, sentence structures, the location of adverbial phrases, tense, aspect, subjunctive mood , compound words, modal verbs and passive voice. Key words: grammar; feature; business correspondence. 商务函电英语的语法特点 摘要: 商务函电英语作为一种有自己特点的英语，有其独特的语法特点。本文从句子类型、句子结构、状语的位置、时与体、虚拟语气、复合词、情态动词和被动语态八个方面探讨了商务函电英语的语法特点。 关键词：语法；特点；商务函电 Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Sentence types of English of business correspondence 1 2.1 Declarative sentences 1 2.2 Imperative sentences 2 2.3 Interrogative sentences 2 3. Sentence structure of English of business correspondence 3 4. The locations of adverbials of English of business correspondence 4 5. The use of tense and aspect of English of business correspondence 5 6. The use of subjunctive mood of English of business correspondence 5 7. The extensive use of compound words of hereby category in English of business correspondence 6 8 The use of modal verb in English of business correspondence 7 9. The use of passive voice in English of business correspondence 7 10. Conclusion 7 Works cited 8 The Grammatical Features in English Business Correspondence Guangdong University of Foreign Studies 2007 Huangjin Tutor: Professor Guo Guihang 1. Introduction The English in...
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...To: Management of M Corporation From: NAme Date: February 23, 2015 Subject: Treatment of Loss Contingency Overturned on Appeal I would like to give some guidance on a relevant accounting issue that has arisen at your company, M corporation. There has recently been a litigation against the company and I believe that the best way to account for it would be to record the loss in a contingent liability account. This account will ensure that the company’s statements properly illustrate the current situation by matching the cost with the events that created them. The first issue we need to address is the initial valuation and recognition of the possible liability. At December 31, 2007 it was determined that the loss was probable and was estimated to incur a cost of $15 million to $20 million with $17 million being the most probable amount. I strongly suggest that the company recognize this potential loss because given the facts, FASB would require it. According to FASB Codification 450-20-25-2, “An estimated loss from a loss contingency shall be accrued by a charge to income if…Information available before the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.” In this case, both requirements are met so it would be difficult to make a case against the recognition of the potential loss on December 31, 2007. The next issue to consider is the amount of loss contingency that should be recorded. A $17 million contingent...
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...The Genius Trane "[Charlie Parker] winked at Coltrane, and said, 'I like your name, my man. It reminds me of a quality brand of English muffins" (Thomas, 37). J.C. Thomas, in his book Chasin' the Trane: the Music and Mystique of John Coltrane, provides the reader with a background of the life and times of John Coltrane, going through various aspects of how he got started, his influences, his conflicts, and other pertinent areas. Throughout the book, Thomas supplements his commentary with hundreds of quotes sprinkled about, both from people in Coltrane's life, and Coltrane himself. This constant flow of inside reports aids in painting a vivid picture of not only the atmosphere of the emotions of Coltrane, but also how he was perceived by others during his career. Thomas consistently refers to Coltrane as a genius, even citing Arthur Schopenhauer's definition of genius to complement his commentary, and illustrates this wondrously through detailing the steps Coltrane took in practising. In the review of this book, this paper will not only touch on various elements of Thomas's writing ability and the shaping of the text, but also challenge Thomas's stance that Coltrane is, in fact, a genius. First, a brief review of the text itself. As stated previously, the text is absolutely littered with quotes and reactions from people in John Coltrane's life, and it almost sets a sort of call-and-response tone to the whole of the book. Sometimes, it was even a bit difficult to discern whether...
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...The modal verbs are:- CAN / COULD / MAY / MIGHT / MUST / SHALL / SHOULD / OUGHT TO / WILL / WOULD Modal | Example | Uses | Can | They can control their own budgets. We can’t fix it. Can I smoke here? Can you help me? | Ability / Possibility Inability / Impossibility Asking for permission Request | Could | Could I borrow your dictionary? Could you say it again more slowly? We could try to fix it ourselves. I think we could have another Gulf War. He gave up his old job so he could work for us. | Asking for permission. Request Suggestion Future possibility Ability in the past | May | May I have another cup of coffee? China may become a major economic power. | Asking for permission Future possibility | Might | We'd better phone tomorrow, they might be eating their dinner now. They might give us a 10% discount. | Present possibilityFuture possibility | Must | We must say good-bye now. They mustn’t disrupt the work more than necessary. | Necessity / Obligation Prohibition | Ought to | We ought to employ a professional writer. | Saying what’s right or correct | Shall (More common in the UK than the US) | Shall I help you with your luggage? Shall we say 2.30 then? Shall I do that or will you? | Offer Suggestion Asking what to do | Should | We should sort out this problem at once. I think we should check everything again. Profits should increase next year. | Saying what’s right or correct Recommending action Uncertain prediction | Will | I can’t see...
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...specialists named after Abdulla Avloniy Theme: Modal verbs in English GRADUATION PAPER Submitted by: Familiya va ism Scientific advisor: Familiya va ism TASHKENT 2012 Сontent Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….3 Chapter I. Functions of the modal verbs and their characteristics in the English language 1. Functions and types of the modal verbs……………………………. 2. Understanding the functions of modal verbs in English……………. 1.3. Morphology and syntax of modal verbs………………………………… Chapter II. Methods of teaching modal verbs to schoolchildren 2.1. The difficulties in teaching modal verbs 2.2 Different types of utilization of the English modal verbs 2.3. Context use of the modal verbs 2.4. Range of forms of the modal verbs in English Conclusion……………………………………………………………………… The list of used literature……………………………………………………… Conclusion…………………………………………………………………….......?? The list of the used literature…………………………..................................?? Introduction Modal verbs are the types of verbs which gives specific meaning to the main verb added and it is used to define and describe different situations expressed in the sentence. There are different types of modal verbs which can be conjugated in...
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...MODAL VERBS IN COMMUNICATION There is no communication among people without expressing their attitudes to what they say and to one another. It means that we cannot manage without modals in everyday life. But those who speak English as a foreign language may have great difficulty choosing the correct modal verb to express exactly what they want to. These are the most common situations in which modals are helpful: 1. Asking for permission: Can I ask you a question, please? (informal) Could I (possibly) ask you a question, please? (more polite) Can’t / Couldn’t I ask you a question? (if you want to put extra pressure on someone to give a positive answer) I wonder if I could ask you a question. (very polite) May I ask you a question, please? (formal) Might I ask you a question, please? (very formal) 2. Giving / Refusing permission: You can park your car here. (informal) You may park your car in this area. (formal – usually written) You can’t / mustn’t park your car here (informal, prohibition) You may not park your car here (formal – usually written) You needn’t do it. (permission not to do) 3. Making requests / instructions / orders: Can you explain this to me? (informal) Could / Would you explain this to me? (more polite) Will you explain this to me? (polite instruction) You must explain this to me. (very strict) Can I have some water? (informal) Could I have some water? (polite) May I have some water? (formal) Might I have some water? (very formal) ...
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...APP DEVELOPMENT PROJECT SCOPING DOCUMENT The purpose of this document is for us to get a good idea of the project and respond to you with a detailed proposal which would become the basis of our app development agreement. The more you tell us, the more accurate our understanding. 1. About You |Name: | |Email: | | |Organisation: | |Phone: | | 2. About the Idea A. Name of the app / working title | | | | | | B. Provide an outline of the app, in as much detail as possible. | | | | | | C. Provide an outline of...
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...AMITY INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SCHOOL | Fall of Another Smartphone Giant-Blackberry | Another Example of Technology Obsolescence and Strategic Failure | Submitted By: Ghan Shyam Rathi Once a pioneer and leading light in the smartphone market, BlackBerry is in a potentially terminal downward spiral. The Canadian company, formerly known as RIM (Research in Motion) established an iron grip on the enterprise and successfully bridged the gap from pager, to handheld computer, to smartphone. It was once the dominant smartphone due to its mobile email popular with businesspeople and tech-savvy consumers. Nicknamed “the CrackBerry” because it was so addictive, the device was declared by Oprah Winfrey to be one of her “favourite things”. US President Barack Obama could not bear to part with his BlackBerry and Madonna said she slept with hers under her pillow. In the last couple of years Apple's iPhone and Google's Android platform have taken over with a combined market share that tops 90 percent. Struggling to arrest a declining user base, amid poor sales of its latest devices, we are now hearing that BlackBerry might sell up. Brief: BlackBerry Limited, formerly known as Research In Motion Limited (RIM), is a Canadian telecommunication and wireless equipment company best known as the developer of the BlackBerry brand of smartphones and tablets. The company is headquartered in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. It was founded by Mike Lazaridis, who served as its co-CEO along...
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...phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers. Examples of popular modern operating systems include Android, BSD, iOS, Linux, OS X, QNX, Microsoft Windows, Windows Phone, and IBM z/OS. All these, except Windows, Windows Phone and z/OS, share roots in UNIX. Smartphone A Smartphone, or smart phone, is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing capability and connectivity than a feature phone. The first smartphones combined the functions of a personal digital assistant (PDA), including email functionality, with a mobile phone. Later models added the functionality of portable media players, low-end compact digital cameras, pocket video cameras, and GPS navigation units to form one multi-use device. Many modern smartphones also include high-resolution touchscreens and web browsers that display standard web pages as well as mobile-optimized sites. High-speed data access is provided by...
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...I was thinking recently how inconvenient it was not to have a general term for iPhones, iPads, and the corresponding things running Android. The closest to a general term seems to be "mobile devices," but that (a) applies to any mobile phone, and (b) doesn't really capture what's distinctive about the iPad. After a few seconds it struck me that what we'll end up calling these things is tablets. The only reason we even consider calling them "mobile devices" is that the iPhone preceded the iPad. If the iPad had come first, we wouldn't think of the iPhone as a phone; we'd think of it as a tablet small enough to hold up to your ear. The iPhone isn't so much a phone as a replacement for a phone. That's an important distinction, because it's an early instance of what will become a common pattern. Many if not most of the special-purpose objects around us are going to be replaced by apps running on tablets. This is already clear in cases like GPSes, music players, and cameras. But I think it will surprise people how many things are going to get replaced. We funded one startup that's replacing keys. The fact that you can change font sizes easily means the iPad effectively replaces reading glasses. I wouldn't be surprised if by playing some clever tricks with the accelerometer you could even replace the bathroom scale. The advantages of doing things in software on a single device are so great that everything that can get turned into software will. So for the next couple years...
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...Moreover, the targets consumers of iMac are professionals such as art designer, photographer and film maker. Therefore, Apple has put a lot effort on the resolution and display which makes it more close to the real color. Besides, Apple also programmed a special system for vision disabilities. The VoiceOver is more user friendly to the disable where they can use gestures to command iMac. It helps to wider its business opportunity as the market of vision disable is not that well developed. Apart from the development on iMac, Apple also devised a tablet called iPad.The introduction of new product caused a lot of reaction since it design has break the tradition. A simple and high-tech design with only one home button and a glossy widescreen Multi-Touch display, iPad has become a trend and many competitors started to copy this style...
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