...University of Phoenix Material What Is Life? Read each statement. Write a 100-word summary explaining how that media piece supports that statement and include reference citations. 1. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—related to the scientific method, creating hypotheses, or designing experiments. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand how the scientific method is used to create hypotheses and experiments. [pic] 2. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—that recognizes the fundamental concepts of chemistry in biology. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand how fundamental concepts of chemistry affect biology. [pic] 3. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—that describes the energy metabolism of cells. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand the energy metabolism of cells. [pic] 4. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—that compares structures and functions of different cell types. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better compare structures and functions of different cell types...
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...Animal Rights Since the beginning of living, the interaction between man and animals have been something unavoidable. The encounter in the wild, the hunter and the hunted, and the survival of the strongest are the rules of the jungle an it is because of this relation that we have with the animals that people have been study them. The philosopher Pythagoras was one of the first person who talked about animal, describing their soul were in the same category as the humans begins. Also, in the Bible is told that the humans are in a superior level when they justified that a bled animal can be eaten. Rene Descartes wrote in his meditations that animals do not have soul; therefore, they are not able to feel and their treatment can not be consider as a moral issue. Knowing that there is a lot of controversy about the animal rights, is inevitable to ask what are the advantages and disadvantages about giving them rights? The first and maybe the most important factor that we need to discuss firstly is the ability that both, humans and animals, have to think and feel. On one hand, human beings are complex evolved creatures who are accorded rights on the basis that they are able to think and to feel pain; additionally, any other animals are also able to think (to some extent) and are certainly able to feel pain. Therefore non-human animals should also be accorded rights, like a free and healthy life. However, on the other hand, human beings are infinitely more complex than any other...
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...Model Organisms Model organisms are very important to the scientific community. They are primarily used as a standard for comparison to other organisms. If a model organism is recognized then the organism can be useful for many different fields of research. Rice (Oryza sativa) is a model organism that has been introduced and has several essential attributes. When using a model organisms some qualities that should be chosen are a short life cycle, small adult size that makes it easy to grow in a small space, small genome that is well described genetically, high reproductive outcome, already have a large assembly of mutants, and be able to out cross or be self-fertile. When looking for a model organism consideration has to be taken into account for a few things too. Some of the benefits can become a hindrance. In 2010 a new model organism for studying C4 photosynthesis was suggested, a grass (Setaria viridis), by Brutnell et al. S. viridis is a C4 photosynthesis plant. Because of the C4 functions, it will be useful to aid in further research, with having its genome sequencing known, in comparison to other organisms that are not C4 plants. By having these qualities it makes it a good model organism. Some of these good attributes include its life cycle length. In short-day growth conditions it can be grown to full maturity in about six weeks. As an adult the plant is relatively short, less than 10 centimeters and takes up very little space about 50 plants can be grown in one...
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...organism's genetic material in a way that does not occur under natural conditions. Genetic modification in animals negatively affects the public (consumers) by putting the animals' health at risk, introducing diseases, and allowing scientists to by pass what nature naturally intended. The 1980's marked the scientific discovery that specific pieces of DNA could be transferred from one organism to another (Cramer 2001). Although genetic modification dates back to prehistoric times with “natural selection”, the cross-breeding of relative species and specific characteristics and traits being exchanged. This occurred over time as nature intended with the process of evolution letting animals adapt to their surroundings. The difference is we now posses the technology that allows us to make this “natural selection” process happen at an exponential rate. Such speeds of cross-breeding can bring out deformities in the animal for not sufficient time is allowed in the development process. Every organism carries genes inside itself, a gene is a basic unit of heredity of the biological make up in an organism. Each organism has a specific genetic code but can be altered by introducing foreign DNA to give characteristics that it naturally would not have. This new direction of supposed beneficial science is supported by the scientific community and contrasted to man's selective breeding concept. Though there is an exchange of traits...
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...obtain energy. Most need oxygen. (p. 19) Excretion: Breaking down process. Is the capacity LO have to respire and other chemical changes in the cells that produce waste products such as Carbon Dioxide. Irritability: Irritability is an excessive response to stimuli. The term is used for both the physiological reaction to stimuli and for the pathological, abnormal or excessive sensitivity to stimuli; it is usually used to refer to anger or frustration. Adaptability: Is a necessary skill for leaders to develop in order to respond effectively to this change. Growing: Is the capacity Bacteria and Single-celled creatures have to increase in size. Many-celled organism increase the numbers of cells in their bodies change their body shape and size. (p. 306) Reproduction: Is the capacity single-celled organisms and Bacteria to simply keep dividing into two. Many-celled plants and animals may reproduce sexually or asexually. Sexual Reproduction characteristics (meiosis/gametes production/mitosis) Meiosis is a form of cell reproduction. This process takes place in the sex cells. It is a process of cell division in which a diploid cell (2n)...
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...material these are the differences between the two processes: Mitosis is a form of cellular reproduction in which the parent cell divides, giving rise to two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell. Mitosis does not involve combining genetic information from two different parents; hence, it is a form of asexual cellular reproduction. It occurs when an organism grows, or when damaged or worn cells are replaced. Many unicellular organisms reproduce asexually by mitosis, as well. Meiosis and mitosis have some similarities, but they differ in important ways that reflect the special role that gametes play in the life history of organisms. Whereas mitosis is asexual cellular reproduction, meiosis is a prelude to sexual reproduction. Meiosis results not only in multiplying the number of cells by cell division, but also in reducing the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell to exactly one-half of the number before meiosis. An organism would have to undergo Mitosis when the organism needs to repair itself, when the organism grows, or unicellular organisms reproduce asexually by mitosis, as well. Meiosis is what happens to cells when forming a person or animal. This cell division is in the bases of sexual reproduction. If cellular Meiosis did not occur it would mean the end of most living things because without this type of cellular division we would not be able to multiply. References: Chromosomes: Where Are the Genes...
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...forest is low. For each organism that sees any kind of fluctuation, you will see fluctuation in the organisms that consume it. For example, if a hare’s population, for whatever reason, was to decrease, you would also see a decrease in population for the Brown Bear, Arctic Fox, and Polar Bear. The variation of plant and animal life in the tundra is important in order to sustain life as well as a means to control the population of each organism. Biodiversity Biodiversity is the variety of all living things. It is made up of the following: Genetic Diversity -The raw material that makes adaptation and microevolution possible in an environment. Species Diversity - The variety of species in an environment. Ecosystem diversity - The organisms and abiotic factors of an environment. Trophic Structure A trophic structure is the feeding relationship among the various species in a community. Producers use light energy to power the synthesis of organic compounds. They are called autotrophs and are the base for all food chains. Consumers, also known as heterotrophs, depend on producers, either directly or indirectly. Herbivores are plant eating consumers and primary consumers. Carnivores, meat eating consumers, and omnivores, both meat and plant consumers, are secondary consumers. Tertiary consumers are carnivores that eat secondary consumers and quaternary consumers are carnivores that eat tertiary consumers. Not all consumers eat other living organisms. Some get their energy...
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...One of the greatest questions of all time is: "Where did we come from?" One of the most popular answers to this question is creationism, the idea that everything was created by a higher being. Another idea is evolution, the idea that all living organisms descended from a less complex organism. Up and coming in the last century, evolution possesses a new way of thinking that is being greatly accepted by the scientific community. Who or what really is our greatest of great ancestors? Most major religions and early groups of people have an answer to this common question. The Greek myths declare that only Geia (the Earth) and a great sea of Chaos were in the beginning, and in a soap opera fashion the gods eventually came forth, who eventually created humans (Bierlein 47-8). The Chippewa/Algonquin Native Americans believe that the great Earth Mother had two sons, a good one and a bad one that ended up creating the plants, animals, and humans (61). In the Christian, scientific Western Hemisphere, we believe in two possible answers; one, that we descended from Adam, who was created from the mingling of the dirt of the ground with God's breath into his image or two, that we evolved from monkeys which evolved from bacteria, which evolved from non-living chemicals and lightning. These two theories both have credibility - the Bible is one of the oldest and most extensive historical documents we have, recorded with great precision, while evolution is very logical and builds on...
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...DATA TABLE: ECOLOGY LESSON 1 Lesson 1: Step 1 | Plant A | Plant B | Prediction: starting population | Both plants’ populations will start at equivalent numbers. | Prediction: ending population | Both plant’s will reach equilibrium at the same time, unless one is dominant. Then the dominant plant’s ending population will optimize, while the other plant will die out. | | Starting population | 6,000 | 3,500 | Ending population | 10,000 | 0 | Lesson 1:Step 2 | Plant A | Plant B | Herbivore A | Prediction: starting population | Will continue to prosper, but it’s ending population will be lower than that in step 1. | Will have more of a chance of surviving for a longer period of time. | Will grow with plant A | Prediction: ending population | Lower than that in part 1 | Higher than in part 1. Higher than plant A. | Will grow as plant A decreases. | Starting population | 5,256 | 3,700 | 1,312 | Ending population | 3,335 | 4,998 | 2,055 | Responses to questions | Step 1 1. What assumptions does this model make about co-dominance as well as the general terrain of the ecosystem? That the more dominant species will prosper the most due to competition. The terrain’s conditions are suitable for only one plant to prosper. 2. Do you find one producer to be dominant? Why might one producer be dominant over another?Yes. Plant A was dominant. I think the reason is that Plant A was most suited for the terrain.Step 2 1. Does adding the herbivore establish...
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...Living organisms change as the abiotic and biotic components in their environment change. The process that makes change possible in living things is called natural selection. Scientists use the term adaptive radiation to describe the change from a common ancestor into a number of different species that “radiate out” to inhabit different niches. Ecological succession is the term scientists use to refer to changes that take place over time in the types of organisms that live in an area. Primary succession occurs in an area where no soil exists, such as on bare rock. Pioneer species is the term scientists use to describe the lichens and other plants that are the first organisms to survive and reproduce in an area. The process of primary succession leads to the development of a mature community, which is sometimes called a climax community. Flooding occurs in coastal areas, rivers, and lakes, when the volume of water exceeds the ability of the water body to contain it. Tsunami is the term used to describe a huge, rapidly moving ocean wave and it is usually caused by large earthquakes or underwater volcanic eruptions. Drought is a recurring event in many parts of the world, it usually occurs when there is a below-average amount of precipitation in an area over a period of many months or years. Land use refers to the ways we use the land around us for urban development, agriculture, industry, mining, and forestry. Resource use refers to the ways we obtain and use these materials...
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...Photosynthesis The sun is our most powerful source of energy, the ultimate source of energy for nearly all life on Earth. Sunlight can be used for heating, lighting and cooling homes and other buildings, generating electricity, water heating, and several other processes. Plants and certain other organisms are able to capture solar energy and carry on photosynthesis, a process that transforms solar energy into the chemical energy of nutrient molecules. Animals and plants get energy by metabolizing nutrient molecules made by photosynthesis (Mader, 2012). Most of this solar radiation is in the form of invisible ultraviolet and infrared frequencies, as well as the spectrum of visible light. But the most important use of solar radiation by living organisms is photosynthesis, the direct conversion of visible light into usable energy for plant and animal life, and oxygen to breathe. Only a vanishingly small part of the total amount of radiation given off by the sun actually reaches earth, and only a portion of that is utilized by photosynthesizing organisms (Shields and Teng, 2012). Photosynthesis is the process of producing and releasing oxygen in the air. It needs sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. During the process of photosynthesis, the plants decompose the molecules of hydrogen and carbon-dioxide into hydrogen; carbon and oxygen produce glucose which forms the source of their energy, growth and food. For plants their main source of energy is photosynthesis, which is used...
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...Affects on Biodiversity Biodiversity is defined as “The range of variation found among microorganisms, plants, fungi, and animals. Also the richness of species of living organisms” (ESA). It the diversity among ecosystems, species and genetics. Biodiversity provides organisms,including humans; food, homes, and nutrients for healthy living. It provides clean air, water and nutrient rich soil. Biodiversity allows for animals to adapt to their changing environments. There are many different human activities that have had a negative impact on biodiversity globally. Fossil fuels is one the major factors influencing the changes in our ecosystems. “Many of the factors leading to the accelerating loss of biodiversity are linked to the increasing use of energy by society” (Ash, 2007) The emissions of fossil fuels is a direct link to global warming. The climate changes have an effect on habitats, reproduction, water temperatures, and genes. It also has effects on economies and health policies. Pesticides is another element that has an negative impact on biodiversity. Pesticides can influence the nutrients in soil, and health of animals and water supplies. A group of chemicals often used for pesticides, endocrine disrupters, have many corrupting effects on animals, and habitats. “Endocrine disrupters are especially dangerous to wildlife - not only do they cause instability and increased mortality in the population, but their long-term effects severely dampen their ability...
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...particular plant is hard to find and can only be found in Larimer and Boulder counties with its highest concentration in the Phantom Canyon Preserve. Some other native plant species that can be found in this ecosystem are Bells Twin Pod, Needle-and-Thread Grass, and One-sided Penstemon. The Phantom Canyon Preserve serves as a habitat for species of special concern such as the Black Bear, Mountain Lion, and the Bobcat. This preserve is also home to Bald Eagles in the winter, Golden Eagles, Prairie Falcons, and Red Tail Hawks who make the high canyon walls their home. Only six elements out of ninety-two produced in nature are required and critical to sustain the life of organisms. These elements include hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur. These elements make up 95% of all living organisms. The elements combined which are all part of the biogeochemical cycle effect the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. This is a process where nutrients circulate throughout...
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...Evolution Big Idea Project Chris Berg There are many people that are not fully informed about the concept of evolution. Because of this, they are unable to make scientific and logical connections between us humans and how we evolved from the world around us. There are a broad number of misconceptions that people have, but I decided to focus on 3 major ones: 1. Evolution is goal oriented. Many non-evolutionists say that if evolution existed, there would be some endpoint or “goal” that is reached. In other words, species are trying to become perfect. However, that is not the case. Every species is only adapting and evolving to fit their current needs and to thrive. They change because of environment, available nutrients, to stay better protected, and many other factors. Evolution works by the process of natural selection. Individuals with an advantage compared with others will survive better and leave more offspring. Only features which help current survival will be favored by natural selection. It cannot select features which might be useful in the future but are not useful now. The only competition between species is whether or not they reproduce; it has nothing to do with reaching any endpoint or goal. If evolution was truly goal oriented, everything would start evolving to look like each other because they are trying to become that one perfect species. Judging by the enormous diversity of life on earth, I think it’s safe to say that there is no change in that direction...
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...Social reproduction is broadly defined as nonprofit or profited procedures and tasks that maintain attributes of a specific social custom throughout one’s time. Primary, these tasks are usually in forms of domestic labor, child bearing, nurturing, educating one’s child and fostering individuals with disadvantages. In Barbara Cameron's Social Reproduction and Canadian Federalism, Cameron described social reproduction as two separate outlooks; “The concept includes but goes beyond physical recreation, in the sense of both biological reproduction and the daily maintenance of the current and future generation of workers” (Cameron, 45). The first outlook is the “biological reproduction”, the process of conception to childbirth, encompassing reproductive behavior, the “nonprofit procedure” and the second outlook, the “daily maintenance”—the day-by-day tasks of one’s “daily reproduction” and “profit” of life. In this assignment, I will evidently demonstrate my examples of “daily reproduction” and “profited tasks” through my eyes, as a young female adult that has not undergone “biological reproduction” or conceived. Upon recording my day-to-day activities, I have conjured up “broad range of activities, in an array of locations, which combine to ensure the daily and generational reproduction of the popluaton”(Bezanson, 24). In such, they are unpaid and my individual way of living and social contributions to the westernized population. This definition is governed and portrayed in my...
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