...Both HDB and NEA posses varied working styles. Thus, they were unable to see eye to eye on certain ways and methods to deal with situations. This then resulted in conflicts between them, souring the relationship between the two parties. The conflict process as shown in the diagram below aims to map out the episodes of the conflict. Incompatible Goals Both NEA and HDB had incompatible goals. Although both dealt with hawkers, they dealt with different aspects. The HDB Hawkers Department dealt only with administrative matters of HDB hawker centres while NEA Hawkers Department formulates and implements policies on hawkers for the promotion and maintenance of food hygiene practices among hawkers and the maintenance of good public health standards in hawker centres in addition to the managing the administrative work of Ministry of Environment Water Resources (MEWR) hawkers. As each is specialized in its own field, the aftermath of the merger resulted in the employees from HDB Hawkers Department concentrating solely on the administrative matters and not bothering about pertinent environmental issues. NEA found it difficult to work with the new employees. Mr Joseph Toh highlighted that during meetings, the new employees were quick to go through environmental issues but dallied longer on the administrative concerns. This often resulted in long meetings to ensure that the new employees understood the importance of the environment with regards to hawkers. Emotions like irritability...
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...2 Download Answer Here http://workbank247.com/q/bus520-final-exam-1-and-2/6911 Question 1 According to the Ohio State leadership studies, a leader high in __________ is sensitive to people’s feelings and tries to make things pleasant for the followers. • Question 2 __________ make(s) a leader’s influence either unnecessary or redundant in that they replace a leader’s influence. • Question 3 According to the path-goal leadership theory, a manager is showing a participative leadership style when he/she __________. • Question 4 According to __________ approaches, individual behavior is constructed in context, as people act and interact in situations. • Question 5 Meindl referred to the phenomenon whereby people attribute almost magical qualities to leadership as _____________. • Question 6 The __________ that are driving organizations of all types and sizes can be found in organization-environment relationships, the organizational life cycle, and the political nature of organizations. • Question 7 The decision to construct a new overseas plant can be considered to be a(n) __________. • Question 8 Which of the following, refers to altruistic love? • Question 9 __________ is intentional and occurs as a result of specific efforts by a change agent. • Question 10 Another name for incremental change is __________. • Question 11 To begin understanding an organization’s culture, it is often easiest to start with __________. ...
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...identified the importance of leadership and workplace learning as critical determinants of M&A activities and outcomes. However, surprisingly little systematic attention has been paid to conceptualising or studying the impact and effect of either leadership styles or learning on the success of M&As – either in the academic or in the practitioner literature (Cartwright and Cooper, 2001) Although scholars and practitioners recognise that acquisitions frequently fail to live up to their potential (Larsson and Finkelstein, 1999), the impact of leadership on the outcomes of the acquisition process and the learning that takes place, has not been well developed or even widely recognised. A review of scholarly and practitioner focused writing on M&As suggest that while much has been written on the actual M&A process, others have only occasionally noted the critical importance of leadership and learning in the success or failure of M&As. Even in those cases where the leadership impact has been acknowledged, past work on M&As has neither examined nor proposed any details concerning what constitutes what learning that actually takes place during M&A or how it makes a difference. A review of academic and practitioner literature on M&A reveals that discussion of the primary determinants of M&A process and outcomes rarely ever mention the workplace learning that takes place nor the leadership necessary to facilitate that process. Instead, when they do refer to leadership, they tend to focus exclusively...
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...S-M-A-R-T and H-A-R-D I have learn S-M-A-R-T goal before, but H-A-R-D was a new concept for me. S-M-A-R-T goal means goal setting should comply with principle of specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-base (Taylor 2011). We will benefit form applying S-M-A-R-T goal to our HR course learning and HR profession, because S-M-A-R-T goal narrow down scope and enhance effectiveness of goal. When it comes to H-A-R-D, namely heartfelt, animated, required and difficult (Mind Tools, n.d.). Combining these two strategies allow us to maintain goals and also easily to measure it. As HRM Perspective Form perspective of human resource management, motivation can be very beneficial for overall organization. One things worth to mentioning that was motivation factor. Sometimes employees are not seeking money as the motivation; they want self-actualization, job promotion or vocation. So as HRM perspective we need to know the ways of enhance motivation for employee; providing appropriately motivation to employee...
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...situational factors that affected the appropriate structure of organizations and the appropriate leadership styles for different situations. Although the contingency perspective purports to apply to all aspects of management, and not just organizing and leading, there has been little development of contingency approaches outside organization theory and leadership theory. The following sections provide brief overviews of the contingency perspective as relevant to organization theory and leadership. CONTINGENCY PERSPECTIVE AND ORGANIZATION THEORY Environmental change and uncertainty, work technology, and the size of a company are all identified as environmental factors impacting the effectiveness of different organizational forms. According to the contingency perspective, stable environments suggest mechanistic structures that emphasize centralization, formalization, standardization, and specialization to achieve efficiency and consistency. Certainty and predictability permit the use of policies, rules, and procedures to guide decision making for routine tasks and problems. Unstable environments suggest organic structures which emphasize decentralization to achieve flexibility and adaptability. Uncertainty and unpredictability require general problem solving methods for nonroutine tasks and problems. Paul Lawrence and Jay Lorsch suggest that organizational units operating in differing environments develop different internal unit characteristics, and that the greater the...
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...strategy? There is not much agreement about strategy in other textbooks. Rather than taking ‘strategic management’ for granted, this book starts from the basic question ‘what is strategy anyway?’. Four basic conceptions of strategy are introduced which all have different implications for how to go about ‘doing strategy’. Each perspective has its own view of strategy and how it matters for managerial practice. The Classical approach gives the textbook answers. - Classicists broadly see strategy as a rational process of long-term planning, vital to securing the future. - Evolutionists usually regard the future as too volatile and unpredictable to plan for, and warn that the best strategy is to concentrate on maximizing changes of survival today. - Processualists too doubt the value of rational long-term planning, seeing strategy best as an emergent process of learning and adaptation. - Systemic theorists take a relativist position, arguing that the forms and goals of strategy-making depend particularly on social context, and that strategy should therefore be undertaken with sociological sensitivity. These are four starkly different perspectives (p. 119), but it is the Systemic sensibility that helps us finally to choose. For the Systemic strategist, effectiveness depends upon understanding context and playing by local rules. Classical, evolutionary, processual, they can all take place in some conditions. There is no one best way. The key is to match strategy to market...
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...Von Glinow, pg. 319) is a vignette about the hiring of Clark as the CEO of the Smith Foundation. The Board that hired her is somewhat dysfunctional. She faces many challenges in dealing with the board. Clark has to use her influence, abilities, networking and power to maneuver the board so that she can accomplish the goals she has set for the Smith Foundation. The following is an analysis of the effectiveness of her sources of power and the types of influence she used at the Smith Foundation. 1A. Power Let’s see how “A Model of Power in Organizations” applies to Clark’s situation. We will also identify and discuss both Clark’s sources of power and any contingencies of power. Goltz and Hietapelto say, “In the operant model of power, leadership is defined as being an individual’s skill in using the consequences under his/her direct or indirect control to influence behavior toward goals that will obtain rewards for the unit.” And I think being a good contingency manager is an important attribute of a good leader. Clark used a variety of differing powers to deal with the board, the types of powers she used consisted of legitimate, reward, coercive, expert and referent. Clark used female members of the board with “referent power”, she used this power to influence them by having them identify with her. She used expert power by possessing skills that others valued. Clark had the ability to apply punishment because she controlled government grants that the foundation wanted access...
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...CHAPTER 13: STRATEGY, BALANCED SCORECARD, AND STRATEGY PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS TRUE/FALSE 1. Strategy describes how an organization matches its own capabilities with the opportunities in the marketplace to accomplish its overall objectives. Answer: True Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 2. A product differentiation strategy includes offering unique and superior products for increased prices. Answer: True Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 3. The cost leadership strategy is for products and services that are similar to competitor’s products and services. Answer: True Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 4. The product differentiation strategy is probably best for a company if the engineering staff is more skilled at making process improvements than at creatively designing new products. Answer: False Difficulty: 2 Objective: 1 The cost leadership strategy is probably best for a company if the engineering staff is more skilled at making process improvements than at creatively designing new products. 5. In general, profit potential increases with greater competition, stronger potential entrants, products that are similar, and tougher customers and suppliers. Answer: False Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 In general, profit potential decreases with greater competition, stronger potential entrants, products that are similar, and tougher customers and suppliers. 6. Reengineering is the fundamental rethinking and redesign of business processes...
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...COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Seattle University 900 Broadway Seattle, Washington 98122-4340 Department of Educational Leadership SCHOOL OF EDUCATION ORGANIZING THEME: Preparing Ethical and Reflective Professionals for Quality Service in Diverse Communities DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP MISSION STATEMENT: Preparing Effective Leaders for an Interdependent World COURSE INFORMATION Course Prefix and Number(s): EDLR 631, 632, 633 - 9 Credit Hours Meeting Place: Loyola Hall, Room 202/203 Meeting Date(s) and Time(s): Saturday, September 27, 2008. 8:30 - 4:30 (Loyola 301/302) Saturday, October 18, 2008. 8:30 - 4:30 Saturday, November 15, 2008. 8:30 - 4:30 Saturday, December 6, 2008. 8:30 - 4:30 (Loyola 301/302) Sunday, December 7, 2008. 8:30 – 4:30 Saturday, January 10, 2009. 8:30 - 4:30 Sunday, January 11, 2009. 8:30 - 4:30 Saturday, February 7, 2009. 8:30 - 4:30 Saturday, March 21, 2009. 8:30 - 4:30 Saturday, April 18, 2009. 8:30 - 4:30 Sunday, April 29, 2009. 8:30 - 4:30 Saturday, May 16, 2009. 8:30 - 4:30 Retreat Sunday, May 17, 2009. Retreat. Location to be determined. Leadership Conference: Location and date to be determined. Attendance required Course Instructor: Roberto A. Peña, Ph.D. Associate Professor Office: Loyola Hall, Room 407 Contact Information: Office Telephone: Home Telephone: Fax Machine: E-mail Address: (206) 296-6496 (206) 780-6970 (206) 296-2053 penar@seattleu.edu Program Administrative Assistant: Ms. Eunice MacGill Seattle University School of Education...
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...Introduction Hill Enterprise is a firm that was founded by an individual with a definite goal to achieve. Over the time, the company augmented rapidly necessitating the need for a new partner to ensure the smooth running of the firm. With a new owner on board, operational changes occurred rapidly with workers finding themselves in strange position. In the backdrop of this rapid change in leadership, there was a paradigm shift in all operations within the firm. This culminated in the company registering losses and some workers contemplating on moving to other firms. This paper explores the dissimilar leadership styles and the varied predicaments that the organization underwent over the nine months period considered. 1. Strengths and Weaknesses of Hill Enterprises Nine Months After Phil Bellows became a Manager. Phil Bellows helped to establish formal channels of communication, with the use of charts and e-mails. This ensured quicker and faster passage of messages to the intended recipient, a reduction of time wastage by employees and increased production. The firm was able to acquire new premises for the president. Additionally, his leadership saw the introduction of information scheduling procedures and reduction in the cost of production (Knudson, 1991). From the case study, there is a notable breakdown in communication from the management of Hill Enterprise during the nine months of Phil Bellows tenure. Robert Hill, as the founder of the firm had established an individualized...
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...Foundations of Christian Leadership by Rooshawn Pratt April 1, 2016 ABSTRACT Reviewing Leadership: A Christian Evaluation of Current Approaches, is a book that takes an observation of leadership in its current state and it looks to improve leadership for the future. The authors Robert Banks and Bernice Ledbetter, take a look at all areas of leadership, use their experiences in the work place, weave in faith to create a beautiful evaluation to help us become better Christian leaders for today and the next generation. This book “is a summary of academic approaches and concrete experiences. It is a fruit of biblical investigation and reflection on our own experiences. It is exercise in cultural analysis and theological exploration.” This book takes a different approach compared to other books o leadership. Banks and Ledbetter show us how using our faith in leadership can be beneficial and even necessary. “This book surveys the evolution of understanding about leadership and asks important questions about faith and leading that are necessary to consider if leadership is to have a future.” This book asks all the right questions to make us ponder on our role as leaders and how we are utilizing our faith in our role as leaders. They use an example of one of our greatest Christian leaders, The Apostle Paul and his key understanding of what leadership should be in the early church. Chapter one opens the discussion with questions on the growing interest in leadership and they give us...
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...Leadership is the driving force that holds these elements together, aligning them, and enabling the agency to function as an integrated system. Up until now, dialogue of leadership in general focuses on a leader’s role in ongoing processes of an agency. An ever more vital role for a leader in an organization is that of a change. We will now confer the particulars of transformation of leadership, with particular importance of organizational change and creating a culture of high-performance managers. Necessities and strains for organizational change are derived from what originates from the agency’s environment, staff, clients, and often from its own leaders, are so widespread as to be considered a constant of human service administration. Influences within the organization such as low morale, fatigue, inadequate management skills, and high turnover can also present change opportunities. Program redesign, agency reorganization, developing program evaluation systems, enhancing diversity, and altering an outdated or dysfunctional organizational ethos can all be done more successfully using planned change processes. Best leadership for Angel Wings of Love Since the field of human services is continuously evolving the worker must be able to adapt to change in the area of human services. The paper will explore the common methods of organizational change that a manager or staff member(s) may utilize to improve daily operations or responsiveness...
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...OB Case Study Analysis Name: Robert Butler Question 1: Describe the leadership styles that you see in the three caselets? The leadership style with Miller Brewing Company with the appointment of Norman Adami is an Affilliative style based upon the approach taken in “changing culture by engaging the hearts and minds of all of his employees”. This approach is a very effective way in building team from existing structures which at the time may be dysfunctional. There was a tolerance of mediocrity and underperformance was being rewarded, this needed to change. “Fred’s Pub” was a significant development in the implementation of the leadership style, leading to new culture development in an informal setting where all grade could mix and talk while developing a sense of pride in each of the workers. The approach develops harmony and develops emotional and personal bonds within the working environment. It also helps to motivate worker’s where company performance is poor by improving communications, developing empathy, emotional intelligence and taking a “People First” approach. (Harvard Business Review April 2000 P80 -83 Leadership that gets results) The leadership style with in JC Penney with the appointment of Myron E Ullman is a Coaching style, which develops & values people for the future. Ullman’s approach was to develop others as well as empathy and self awareness. Looking at each individual strengths and enhancing each of them. Ullman credits his winning...
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...use of philosophical pragmatism (Watson, 2006). He also questions the way work is organized and managed. Finally, the process-relation perspective, a critical perspective of how to think about organizations and their relations and interactions with people, is taken by Watson (2006). This paper will start with a description of the two theories “System-control framing” and “Process-relational framing”. Afterwards the three concepts strategic exchange, negotiated order and double control will be defined and exemplified by different cases from the course. Finally, the paper will look into the complexity of managing knowledge at organizations supported by examples from Danone and McKinsey. In the field of leadership and management studies, there are two main perspectives “System-control framing” and “Process-relational framing”, which can help to analyze and make sense of complex organizations. The system-control perspective recognizes organizations as an entity that is “a system of managerially designed rules and roles existing on its own terms […] based on an organization design with a set of structural and cultural characteristics” (Watson, 2006, p.30). According to the system-control perspective, an organization that matches these characteristics will succeed in reaching its organizational goal. In other words, the system-control perspective assumes that organizations are very static, and a predefined blueprint will guarantee the success of the organizational goal. Reaching...
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...LEADERSHIP IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING WORLD How business leaders are reframing success March 2012 Ashridge Business School http://www.ashridge.org.uk Produced on behalf of the United Nations Global Compact and Principles for Responsible Management Education for the Rio+20 Conference on Sustainable Development Lead Authors: Mathew Gitsham, Director, Centre for Business and Sustainability, Ashridge Jo Wackrill, Leadership Agenda Project Director, IBLF Supporting Authors: Graham Baxter, Senior Advisor, IBLF Mark Pegg, Director, Ashridge Leadership Centre © Ashridge & IBLF All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism or review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Ashridge and IBLF. ISBN 978-0-903542-85-2 Ashridge Business School http://www.ashridge.org.uk CONTENTS 1 4 7 7 12 12 17 22 27 28 28 29 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION LEADERSHIP IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING WORLD A different perspective: reframing the business leader’s role and purpose LEADERSHIP ROLES OLD AND NEW A familiar leadership role: leading change and innovation across the business A new leadership role: leading change beyond business boundaries HOW CAN THIS TREND BE ACCELERATED? IMPLICATIONS FOR THINKING ABOUT BUSINESS LEADERSHIP CONCLUSIONS NEXT STEPS POST-SCRIPT: HOW...
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