...Why were Stalin’s opponents unable to prevent him from becoming leader of the USSR by 1929? Within this essay question I’m going to be discussing four different factors that aided Joseph Stalin in becoming leader of the USSR by 1929. These four factors are Trotsky’s errors, errors of others, powerbases and Stalin’s own skills. Personally I believe, based on my current knowledge of all four factors, that the powerbases is going to be a highly significant factor in terms of why Stalin’s opponents were unable to prevent him becoming leader. However, the other three factors are still very important and also played a role in helping Stalin. Therefore, I will be discussing all four of the factors and what effects they had. Errors made by Leon Trotsky were some of the main reasons why Stalin was able to become leader of the USSR by 1929. After Lenin’s death in 1924 there was wide speculation that Trotsky, head of the red army would succeed Lenin. Lenin wrote a testament outlining his opinions on the head Bolsheviks, and Stalin was described as being very dangerous and should be dismissed from the party immediately. However despite this, Stalin eventually became the leader of the USSR. The reason why Trotsky was the most likely candidate to succeed Lenin was because he was very popular among young communists, this was due to his revolutionary heroism in 1905, 1917 and during the civil war, coupled with his stirring speeches. However, despite the fact that Trotsky was clearly more suitable...
Words: 1884 - Pages: 8
...Br emp became more liberal * The 48th parallel = movie depiciting a variety of cultures in the emoire * As post war imperial power shifted – br and fr believed they could retain influence through harnessing material *& political influence – Ie. Br welfare act * This countries wished for a thierd force in international politics * What was clear = EU countries had to change the nature of their empires ; however de-colonisaltion would take a lot longer to happen – 60 yrs in Africa * The Br voter could both have their imperial cake and eat at home too * Wh y did empires unravl so quickly if they had been revitilised after WW2? * Looking at reich ; 100yrs – only lasted 12 yrs, Mussolini Italy, permament powerbase = collapsed, Japan and imperialist aims = collapsed too ; Br emperial hold = collapsed * WW2 events that led to fall of emp ; Political ideology of allies ; they fought for self determination & againsts facism This gave nationalists ability to declare independence = communications would be anti – imperial by nature * Another key factor = demise of European prestige – George Orwell remained critical of empire – for most maintaining prestige at all time, remembering ‘ we withiet men must stick together’ - , ‘give them no room to breath’ – orwell’s 5maxims for empire * In...
Words: 744 - Pages: 3
...Introduction This book introduces two characters Frank Davis and Thomas Green. Frank Davis is the marketing director at D7 Display Company. Thomas Green is a newly promoted senior marketing specialist in this company. Tom as a person believes that his ideologies are the ones to be implemented while he is not the director. He also feel that the director doesn’t have enough knowledge in the field of marketing that why he tries to turn him down when he comes up with his plans of growing the company from 10% to 15%. He says” “There’s no way we can achieve double-digit growth this year.”” How actions of Green differ from Davis’s expectation From the email that Frank Davis, marketing director, sends to Thomas Green, senior marketing specialist, it’s evident what Davis expects Tom to do at all the times. Tom, this week’s client meetings went well, but they would have gone better if you had been on top of the market data,” it read. “When you’re on your own, I expect you to be better prepared. It’s essential for your new responsibilities in developing market strategies for your region.” This shows that the actions that had been taken by Green previously were not satisfactory to Davis. Davis also expects Thomas Green to follow all the instructions and job assignments he gives to him. This is illustrated by the phrase he uses to remind him that he has 20 years of experience. Davis said “Yes, I’m aware of web competition, Tom. I’ve been doing this for 20 years”. Tom, a senior marketing...
Words: 1580 - Pages: 7
...Covby Regina Pontow Goals How To Use This Booklet Self-Confidence and Your Job Search Before and After Resumes 6 Steps To Create A Great Resume For Computer Information Students Worksheets for Steps 1 & 2 Computer Science Degree - Skills and Knowledge Gained From College Program Skill Lists, Sample Sentences and Transferable Skills Worksheets for Steps 3 to 5 12 Questions To Help You Describe Your Functional Headings Strategies That Blow Away Your Competition Marketing The 10 Hottest Skills Selling the Benefits of Your Skills Solving Employers' Hidden Needs Using PowerBase Statements How To Edit Sentences, Use Action Verbs and Quantify Worksheet for Step 6 Why Use A Targeted Resume Templates To Type Your Resume Before and After Cover Letters Before and After Thank You Letters Scanned and Internet Resumes Page(s) 3 3 4-5 6 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 17 18 19 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 46 48 50 52 - 45 47 49 51 55 I would like to thank Renton Technical College and its students for working with me to create the examples in this booklet. All student names, employers, addresses, etc. have been changed to fictitious information to protect privacy. Notice to Instructors / Schools: Individual instructors and the institutions they work for will be held legally and financially responsible for copyright violation, resulting statutory damages and legal fees. Do not copy or cut apart to copy. The U.S. Copyright Act and HR 2223 provide teacher photocopying guidelines which...
Words: 26601 - Pages: 107
...People think of change as the "vision thing" but it is much more than that. Implementing change is integrated to scanning the environment, estimating the situation, determining organizational direction, understanding culture of the organization, leveraging that culture, and planning out the actions needed to make the change. Being successful in implementing change also is directly related to the leadership style of the organization's top leaders. It is also important to assess the costs of change as well as the cost of not changing. Leaders are trained, educated, and rewarded to make things happen in organizations. What leaders routinely fail to recognize is the link between change and human behavior. The link between change and human behavior either supports or impedes successful implementations of change. To become an implementer of change, you must understand what the environment is like, who you are, what your organization is, and reconcile the differences. You will be more successful if you can adjust your leadership style to one that supports the leader performance demands at the strategic level. Culture is deeply seated within organizations and challenging to change, but leaders can influence an organization's culture. It is difficult and timely, but leaders can have an effect on culture. Edgar Schein, Organizational Culture & Leadership, outlines some specific steps leaders can employ: * Culture follows what leaders pay attention to, measure and control. Something...
Words: 1806 - Pages: 8
...“Eastern Europe would have become communist in the post-war period even without Soviet Interference” – How far do you agree with this statement? Clearly, despite some regions of Eastern Europe having communist influence prior to the Second World War, such as Poland, Eastern Europe would not have become communist without the interference of the Soviet Union in the post-war years. This is inferred by the fact that following the War, Stalin was forced to install communists into the governments of the majority of Eastern-European states to ensure that only countries with communist governments bordered the USSR, imposing communism upon these states despite his promises of free elections. It can also be seen that in the post-war years soviet interference in elections was present, suggesting that perhaps without this interference results would have been different, and many states in Eastern Europe would not have become communist. This is clear in the case of Poland, which did actually have a communist party, however this was dissolved by Stalin in 1941 as it was a potential threat, and then reformed under Stalin’s watchful eye as he developed Polish communists in Moscow. Following the War, Stalin established a Soviet government in Poland as during the Nazi occupation the former government had been exiled to London. The events in Poland in the post-war years show clear Soviet interference as Stalin was quick to establish a communist government in order to protect the USSR. Gomulka...
Words: 1147 - Pages: 5
...Choosing an Ethical Villain for Iron Man 3 Grand Canyon University: MGT-605 05/22/2016 Choosing an Ethical Villain for Iron Man 3 The purpose of this paper is to discuss the controversial decisions taken by the production company Marvel Studios in the movie Iron Man 3 and to evaluate the effectiveness of the leadership techniques used, in terms of powerbases, influence tactics, and leadership style by CEO, Isaac “Ike” Perlmutter. This paper will also evaluate the potential outcome of the situation from a servant leadership perspective. Ethical Situation Shane Black, the director and co-writer of Iron Man 3, in an interview with Uproxx, has revealed that he was forced to change the entire original Iron Man 3 script in order to swap the gender of the film’s villain from female to male after pressure from the production company Marvel, which feared female toy merchandise would not sell as well as the male version (Ryan, 2016). From the interview, it sounds like Rebecca Hall could have been the real villain behind Aldrich Killian instead of what we saw on the big screen. Changes like this happen during rewrites all the time, but hearing that this decision was made simply because it would impact toy sales is shocking. This is the ugly side of having a franchise that pulls in millions of dollars in revenue from merchandise. Black points out the decision must have been made by Ike who has already been called out several times for his lack of diversity, in terms of gender...
Words: 1412 - Pages: 6
...How far do you agree that Stalin’s ability to manipulate the party machine was the key to his success in the leadership struggle? Following Lenin’s death in 1924, the Communist party and their leadership over Russia was set into disarray. Many different ideals and views about the future of Socialism were unveiled and adapted over and through this ideological confusion; with various contenders for the party leader emerged. Throughout 1924-1929, in which a turbulent period of struggle occurred in the power vacuum post-lenin. Stalin eventually emerged as the successful new leader of the USSR. Stalin’s position as General Secretary of the party, among other factors His ability to manipulate the party machine through his position as General Secretary would eventually enable him to become the leader. Stalin’s position of General Secretary allowed him to use and abuse Lenin’s systems to get to the top. Stalin had the power to control what was discussed and how politburo decisions were to be carried out, and he had the significant influence of patronage. This allowed him to access every strand of the Communist party – the orgburo, politburo, and secretariat. His power of patronage allowed him to use his authority to place his most reliable supporters in key and enviable positions within the party. As a result, these people were extremely loyal to Stalin since they effectively owed their place to him, and so therefore he could count on their support. These appointed people became...
Words: 1411 - Pages: 6
...Duke University's Children's Hospital (DCH) is a pediatric hospital that is located on Duke University Hospital’s fifth floor. DCH is a 134-bed facility with 800 employees who care for patients in neonatal ICU, pediatric ICU, pediatric emergency room, intermediate care unit, bone-marrow transplant unit, subspecialty clinic, and outreach clinic (Meliones, 2000). The annual operating loss of DCH grew from a high $4 million in 1992 to a staggering $11 million in 1996, forcing hospital administrators to cut-down resources. This move made some caregivers feel that the clinical care quality at DCH had deteriorated. Complaints from parents were on the rise, dissatisfied doctors considered sending their patients to other hospitals, and some frustrated staff members eventually quit. As important as DCH’s institutional mission was to promote the community’s health, so important it was to not lose focus from the big picture during a difficult time. The specific goal of clinicians is to restore the health of their patients; however, cost is not something that they want on their minds. Hospital administrators on the other hand have their specific goal to control the rapidly growing healthcare costs. Cost-cutting in such testing conditions traumatized patients, frustrated clinicians, and crippled the mission of DCH. The decision to remove a respirator therapist who worked in the night shift, for instance, affected not only the patient and her parents, but also the insurance company,...
Words: 1513 - Pages: 7
...How the European Alliance Helped Cause World War 1 Historians have spent many years analyzing the origins of World War 1. Many factors are considered by historians when asked this question; nationalism, imperialism, militarism, etc. However all of these factors are influenced and tied together by the alliance system in place at the time tensions in the Balkans erupted. In this time period the Ottoman Empire had lost much of its control and power in the corridor to Europe. Many of the leading nations of Europe sought to emplace their influence in this region to serve as an economical attributor to its powerbase. With land being the primary means of travel between the East and West, having control of the corridor would be extremely favorable for any leading power to impose taxes, control the flow of goods, and serve as a barrier against future invaders. Before 1914 the five Great Powers; Great Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia controlled Europe. In order to avoid conflict early on, the major powers went through great lengths to maintain a balance of power constructed from a complex network of political and military alliances throughout the continent. Germany was the chief orchestrator of these alliances when is first made a secret alliance with Austria-Hungary in 1879 (Duffy, "The Causes of World War One"). Three years later Italy joined this “Dual Alliance” to form the Triple Alliance because it was annoyed with France for stopping its plans to colonize...
Words: 1709 - Pages: 7
...What was the impact of the Norman Conquest? With the Norman Conquest there certainly came change, impacting certain areas of government and society, some clear and some more superficial, yet despite this there was underlying continuity from the Anglo Saxon era in other areas. There was clear change in areas such as the military, geopolitics, land tenure and social life under the Normans took on a different pattern. The underlying continuity can be seen in the administration system, justice and religion. Indeed it could be argued that this underlying continuity ensured that the potentially revolutionary change remained evolutionary. The social life of the vast majority of the English population changed quite considerably under the new “Conqueror King”. William was much more ruthless than previous Kings, with many contemporary commentators noting that he was “stronger” than any past kings. This ruthless nature was shown in his savage policy of wasting where many villages were burnt to the ground. This is especially seen in the “Harrying of the North”. These were a series of campaigns undertaken by William in the 1069-70 Winter to bring the rebellious North to tow. A previously independent part of the country was now subjugated under Norman rule, and this wide spread destruction dealt with the previously ever lingering problem of the North being separate from the rest of the country. This savage way of dealing with rebellions set a precedent for the rest of the country...
Words: 2489 - Pages: 10
...How far were divisions over the continuation of the New Economic Policy responsible for the outcome of the responsible for the outcome of the power struggle in the ears 1924-1929? NEP (New Economic Policy) was created on the 21st March 1921(till 1922) was deemed after the Russian civil war, it represented more a Capitalism economy than a communist one. NEP was a solution to the problems which were faced by War communism. Introduced in 1918 War communism was used to replace the system of state capitalism. It was mainly enforced by the Cheka and Red Army, it led to a deprived industry with a lack of resources and workers and a famine in 1929 with attack on agriculture. This led to uprisings, most infamous was the Konstadt rising of 1921. The Kronstadts originally were strong supporters of the Bolsheviks however they saw of the oppression of War communism as unfair. The result was 60, 000 ordered by Trotsky to attack the Konstadt base. The uprising was supressed. Lenin took the lesson of the Kronstadt to heat and to avoid public embarrassment he decided it was time to end war communism and lead towards more to NEP. At the Tenth Conference of the Communist Party, which opened in March 1929 Lenin announced that the Kronstadt rising had lit “lit up like a lightning flash”. Therefore NEP was introduced as a temporary matter to solve the problem of famine and Bolshevik opposition. However NEP managed to cause divisions in the party between the left and right. I would say NEP was an...
Words: 1918 - Pages: 8
...STUDENT NUMBER: C1420893 MODULE CODE: ML8293 MODULE TITLE: Memories of Fascism COURSEWORK ASSIGNMENT: Memories of Fascism Assessed Essay WORD COUNT: 1843 * * * In what ways could it be argued that fascist foreign policy led directly to the fall of the regime? Do you agree with this assessment? This essay explicitly explains the ways in which Mussolini’s fascist foreign policy did in fact lead to the fall of the regime in 1943. The three most significant factors of causation were Imperialism, Italian involvement in the Spanish Civil War and an alliance with Germany. Despite achieving some domestic and foreign short-term success, Imperialism as an Italian fascist foreign policy was truly destructive for fascism. Modeled upon the old Roman Empire, Mussolini strived to ensure that the idea of ‘Romanità’ was deeply engrained within fascist ideology and culture, predominantly through propaganda. He made no secret of his desire to make Italy ‘great, respected and feared’ (Urmila Sharma, S.K. Sharma Page 388), often alluding to the power and dominance of the Roman Empire as a tool to inflame national patriotism. In order to sustain this idea, Mussolini wanted a spectacular foreign policy achievement that would boost the popularity of the fascist regime whilst diverting attentions away from unpopular domestic policies (Page 57, Mussolini and Italian Fascism, Hamish Macdonald). In this way, an invasion of Abyssinia had perfectly logical long-term nationalistic...
Words: 2077 - Pages: 9
...Eastman Chemical Company - Executive Summary Eastman Chemical Company, which was spun-off from parent company Eastman Kodak in 1994, was founded by George Eastman in 1920. Eastman Chemical is a global specialty chemical company that produces a broad range of products found in items people use every day. With a portfolio of specialty businesses, Eastman works with customers to deliver innovative products and solutions while maintaining a commitment to safety and sustainability. Eastman serves customers in approximately 100 countries and had 2014 revenues of approximately $9.5 billion. The company is headquartered in Kingsport, Tennessee, and employs approximately 15,000 people around the world. See link for detailed company information: Timeline Product Structure Eastman is divided into five business segments including: * Additives & Functional Products * Adhesives & Plasticizers * Advanced Materials * Fibers * Specialty Fluids & Intermediates See Appendix A for detailed segment information. Market Eastman Chemical is part of one of the largest and most important industries worldwide. Chemical production in the United States is valued at $42.3 billion dollars annually. Approximately 1,500 companies compete within this market. While many companies manufacture chemical products, revenue generated from chemical product manufacturing comprises only a small percentage of these companies' total revenue. For this reason, no single industry player...
Words: 2742 - Pages: 11
...Dystopia Regrettably it is at this point that we find a gradual switchover from Utopia to Dystopia - societies whose planning is far from ideal, and which all too often come to grief. As a concept, Dystopia emerges at the end of the long Eighteenth Century, possibly as a result of social upheaval and the long wars. it comes to the fore towards the end of the Nineteenth Century with gloomy forebodings as to the impact of industrialisation. Some go for a mechanical paradise. Others foresee a world order where things have got beyond repair - and that's not just the machines. Jack London in The Iron Heel (1908)sees the collapse of the American republic between 1912 and 1932 with the rise of 'The Oligarchy' (though he also thinks that international worker solidarity will avert a world war in 1913). Dystopia is highly pessimistic in tone. It traces what happens when things go wrong, either in an ideal world which has gone into crisis or decline, or else is a portrayal of of a world where society has collapsed at some time in the past. It is form of writing with a moral - and a warning. The irony is that reality can be stranger than fiction. The finale of The Mission is a case in point. The humanitarian goals of the Jesuit Fathers ironically contained the seeds of destruction for the Missions. The presence not only of rational Indians, but Christianised ones who were highly skilled proved to be too much of a temptation for the bandeirantes, slavers who came across from Brazil and...
Words: 3201 - Pages: 13
