...1- What is object-oriented analysis, and how does it differ from structured analysis? Object Oriented analysis is “the examination of a problem by modeling it as a group of interacting objects. An object is defined by its class, data elements and behavior. For example; in an order processing system, an invoice is a class, and printing, viewing and totaling are examples of its behavior. Objects (individual invoices) inherit this behavior and combine it with their own data elements.” ( (The Computer Language Company, 1981-2012) Object-oriented analysis (OOA) applies object-modeling techniques to analyze the functional requirements for a system. “Analysis is done by identifying the use cases and detailing a flow of events for each. Also, an initial set of functional test cases is specified, to serve as a vehicle for checking that the implementation is complete and basically correct. Analysis culminates in identifying classes implied by the use cases, and documenting them using an Analysis Class Diagram.” (Russell C. Bjork Professor of Computer Science, 2004) The difference is in object oriented analysis the data is combined in a process that acts on the data in the object whereas structured analysis treats the process and the data as separate components. 2- Describe the phases of the system development life cycle, and compare the SDLC waterfall model with the spiral model? “The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that...
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...Application Development (RAD) and Component Based Development and Web Services. These approaches can be used for keeping technology current within an organization. In the digital firm environment, organizations need to be able to add, change, and retire their technology capabilities very rapidly to respond to new opportunities. (Laudon & Laudon, 2011). The first approach for system building in the digital firm era is Rapid Application Development (RAD). The term rapid application development (RAD) is used to describe this process of creating workable systems in a very short period of time. (Laudon & Laudon, 2011). RAD can include the use of visual programming and other tools for building graphical user interfaces, iterative prototyping of key system elements, the automation of program code generation, and close teamwork among end users and information systems specialists. (Laudon & Laudon, 2011). By using rapid application development you are trying to input all the information into the system as fast and efficiently as you can. You can also promote the accuracy of the program. Because rapid application development stresses speed, quality indicators such as consistency, standardization, reusability, and reliability are easily overlooked. (Rapid application development (RAD), n.d.). This is because they are just throwing the product together to get it out the door and into the consumers awaiting hands. There are some primary objectives the RAD system uses. The...
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...Development 2. Rapid Application Development 3. Joint Application Design 4. Participatory Design 1. PROTOTYPING DEVELOPMENT: Software prototyping refers to the activity of creating prototypes of software applications, i.e., incomplete versions of the software program being developed. In this a prototype is made first and based on it final product is developed. A prototype is a model or a program which is not based on strict planning, but is an early approximation of the final product or software system. This type of System Development Method is employed when it is very difficult to obtain exact requirements from the customer. While making the model, user keeps giving feedbacks from time to time and based on it, a prototype is made. Completely built sample model is shown to user and based on his feedback; the SRS (System Requirements Specifications) document is prepared. After completion of this, a more accurate SRS is prepared. 2. RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT: Rapid application development (RAD) is a software development methodology that uses minimal planning in favour of rapid prototyping. It is broader in scope as compared to prototyping. The "planning" of software developed using RAD is interleaved with writing the software itself. The lack of extensive...
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... Abstract It is believed children exposed to early institutional rearing are at risk for developing psychopathology (McGoron, et. al., 2012). Comparisons were made to discover if Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) was more prevalent in children raised institutions, foster care or adoptive families. Measurements included the Observational Record of the Caregiving Environment, Strange Situation Procedure, Disturbances of Attachment Interview, and the Preschool Aged Psychiatric Assessment (Smyke, et. al. 2012), the Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Interview (Cone, et. al., 2009) in addition to the Reactive Affective Disorder Checklist (RAD-C) and the Relationships Problem Questionnaire (RPQ), in the diagnosis of Reactive Attachment Disorder (Thrall, et al., 2009). These measurements were not only utilized to discover the existence of RAD, but to test the validity of the methods. Additionally, treatment studies including holding, narrative therapy, parenting skills training, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, psychodrama, and/or neurofeedback (Wimmer, et. al.,2009) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (Cone, et. al.,2009) are examined. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) lists Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) as a serious, directly linked outcome of early infant–mother attachment difficulties (American Psychiatric Association 2000). According to the DSM-IV-TR, Reactive Attachment Disorder is ‘‘the psychological disturbance...
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...Riordan Manufacturing HRIS Analysis University of Phoenix BSA/375 July 15, 2010 Riordan Manufacturing HRIS Analysis The ability to analyze and study the needs of an organization is an essential skill for a systems analyst. A systems analyst uses the concept of analysis and design to maintain and improve their information systems. The main goal of systems analysis and design is to improve organizational systems, typically through applying software that can help employees accomplish key business tasks more easily and efficiently (citation). The first steps that need to be taken in systems improvement are research and analyzing the scope and feasibility of a new project. Systems Analysis Approach The information-gathering technique and design method proposed for this project is the Rapid Application Development method, acronym RAD. The RAD methodology is a process in which research of user requirements is compiled before producing any detailed system design documents. Using this approach decreases the time needed to design and implement new systems. Factors of Successful Analysis The Rapid Application Development method incorporates using three different approaches of systems analysis. These sub-approaches are Prototyping, Computer-Assisted Software Engineering Tools, and Joint Application Design. By using the three different perspectives, RAD streamlines the entire systems analysis and design process. Prototyping Prototyping is the building...
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...elsewhere? When? When is a procedure performed? Why is it being performed at this time? Is this the best time? * How? How is a procedure performed? Why is it performed in that manner? Could it be performed better, more efficiently, or less expensively in some other manner 2. What is a systems requirement, and how are systems requirements classified? A System Requirement is characteristic or feature that must be included in an information system to satisfy business requirements and be acceptable to users. System requirements serve as benchmarks to measure the overall acceptability of the finished system. System requirements fall into five general categories: outputs, inputs processes, performance, and controls. 3. What are JAD and RAD, and how do they differ from traditional fact-finding methods? What are their pros and cons? Joint application development (JAD): JAD is a user- oriented technique for fact-finding and requirements modeling. Because it is not linked to a specific development methodology, system developers use JAD whenever group input and interaction are desired. Rapid application...
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...Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. . Planning Chapter 1 3-2 PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) 3-3 PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. The SDLC is composed of four fundamental phases: Planning Analysis Design Implementation 1-4 PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Each of the phases include a set of steps, which rely on techniques that produce specific document files that provide understanding about the project. 1-5 PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. To Understand the SDLC: Each phase consists of steps that lead to specific deliverables The system evolves through gradual refinement 1-6 PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Phase I: Planning 1-7 PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design...
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...Participative development emphasis. ( 2 ) | 4. Prototuing | D. IBM's Rational (11) | 5. System Design | E. Derived model from structures design (13) | 6. Physical Entity Relationship | F. Combined data and process. (12) | 7. Coupling and cohesion . | G. Model driven data centered , process-sensitive technique ( 1 ) | 8. RAD. | H. Pictorial system models emphasis. (9) | 9. Model driven Design | I. Functional incomplete model built using RAD (4) | 10. Code , implement , and repair . | J. Process decomposition technique (3) | 11. Repository based CASE tool | K. Computer based solution specification tasks (5) | 12. OOD | L. Merger of JAD , prototyping and structured techniques. (8) | 13. Structure chart | M. Potential prototuping pitfall (10) | 8. Coplete the following sentences : A critical part of designing the application architecture is deciding how to distribute the system’s data, processes and interfaces to different business locations . Databases are a resource typically shared by many programs and they may be used by future programs not yet known for purposes not originally intended. In designing user interfaces, the key is to make it easy or intuitive for the user to understand what to do next, and to anticipate every type of mistake that a user could make. 10. Match the definitions or examples in the first col-umn with the terms in the second column A10, B8, C11, D9, E12, F2,...
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...2/29/2016 Objectives 2 To understand Rapid Application Development (RAD) by outlining A brief history of development approaches leading to it Rationale Advantages/Disadvantages GUI Builders/Designers Event Driven Programming Application Programming II Rapid Application Development and Prototyping Rapid Application Development and Prototyping What is RAD? 3 RAD Approaches 4 Rapid Application Development (RAD) is a development lifecycle designed to give much faster development and higher-quality results than those achieved with the traditional lifecycle. It is designed to take the maximum advantage of powerful development software that has evolved recently (Martin, 1991). By using a series of proven application development techniques, within a well-defined methodology, organisations can quickly and cheaply develop systems without compromising on quality . Rapid Application Development and Prototyping Barry Boem’s spiral model James Martin's RAD methodology Agile methods Rapid Application Development and Prototyping 1 2/29/2016 What is RAD? 5 What is RAD? 6 Dr. James Martin came up with the RAD software development methodology/approach in the late 1980’s. This was in response to the non-agile Stagewise or Waterfall Models methodologies of the 1970s. Unlike the traditional conventional approaches, RAD emphasises development rather than specification and planning. It is thus...
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...Proses-proses Perangkat Lunak Proses perangkat lunak merupakan serangkaian kegiatan yang berhubungan dengannya, yang menuju pada dihasilkannya produk perangkat lunak. Kegiatan ini mencakup pengembangan perangkat lunak mulai dari awal, walaupun pada kenyataannya maki sering terjadi bahwa perangkat lunak yang baru dikembangkan dengan memperluas dan memodifikasi sistem yang telah ada. Proses perangkat lunak sangat rumit, karenannya di butuhkan penilaian dan kreatifitas dan keberhasilan usaha untuk mengotomasi proses perangkat lunak menjadi terbatas. Alasan mengapa otomasi proses memiliki cakupan yang terbatas adalah adanya keragaman proses perangkat lunak. Tidak ada proses ideal dan organisasi berbeda yang mengembangkan pendekatan yang benar2 berbeda dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak. Kegiatan mendasar yang umum bagi semua proses perangkat lunak : 1. Penspesifikasian perangkat lunak : Fungsionalitas perangkat lunak dan batasan operasinya harus didefinisikan 2. Perancangan dan implementasi perangkat lunak : Perangkat lunak yang memenuhi persyaratan harus dibuat 3. Pemvalidasian perangkat lunak : Perangkat lunak tersebut harus divalidasi untuk menjamin bahwa perangkat lunak bekerja sesuai dengan apa yang diinginkan pelanggan 4. Pengevolusian perangkat lunak : Perangkat lunak harus dapat berkembang untuk menghadapi kebutuhan pelanggan yang berubah MODEL PERANGKAT LUNAK Model perangkat lunak merupakan representasi abstrak dari proses perangkat lunak. Model2 generik...
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...A number of system development life cycle models have been created for support an improvement of an organisation these are; fountain, waterfall, spiral, agile RAD- Rapid Application Development. One of the oldest is the waterfall: a sequence of stages in which the output of each stage becomes the input for the next. RAD- rapid application development Fountain Spiral Agile These stages can be characterized and divided up into different ways such as; Feasibility study enabling a high level view of intended project and determine its goal System analysis: Analysing end users information needs and defining project goals in terms of functionality and operation of intended project System design: Describes desired features and operation in detail, including screen layout business rules, process diagram and other documentation. Implementation Integration and testing: Brings all the pieces together into special testing environment, then checks for errors and bugs. Acceptance: The final stage of initial development, where the software is put into production and runs actual business. Maintenance: What happens during the rest of software’s life: changes, correction, additions, moves to different computing platform and more. The importance of following a procedural/staged life cycle in a system investigation is The role played in information systems development by the system analyst The importance of linking information system to business needs are; In general...
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...TRAINING NEEDS ANALYSIS (TNA) THE ROYAL AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGISTS® The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists Strategic Priorities 2010 - 2014 Name of document and version: Training Needs Analysis (TNA), Version 1 Prepared by: Kelly Menzel - Educational Development Manager Sharon Messina - Director, Education and Research Submitted to: Endorsed by College Council, 21 July 2011 ABN 37 000 029 863 Copyright for this publication rests with The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists ® The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists Level 9, 51 Druitt Street Sydney NSW 2000, Australia Email: ranzcr@ranzcr.edu.au Website: www.ranzcr.edu.au Telephone: + 61 2 9268 9777 Facsimile: + 61 2 9268 9799 2 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………….3 2. WHAT IS A TRAINING NEEDS ANALYSIS? ………………………...……4 3. BENEFITS OF UNDERTAKING A TNA……………………………………..6 4. INITIAL QUESTIONS ………………………………………………………..6 5. METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………………8 6. TRAINING NEEDS IDENTIFIED……………………………………………11 7. RECOMMENDATIONS………………………………………………………18 8. CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………...22 9. REFERENCES………………………………………………………………..24 10. BIBLOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………….26 11. APPENDIX 1…………………………………………………………………..27 12. APPENDIX 2…………………………………………………………………..28 13. APPENDIX 3…………………………………………………………………..36 Education and Research Portfolio Training Needs Analysis 22 July 2011 Page 2 1) INTRODUCTION This training...
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... Published by the International University of Management Windhoek, Namibia © International University of Management 2009 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publishers. International University of Management 59 Bahnhof Street Private Bag 14005 Windhoek Telephone (264 61) 245150/84 Fax (264 61) 248112 E-mail: ium@ium.edu.na Website: www.ium.edu.na TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 System Development Fundamentals System Design Methods Structured System Analysis and Design Method (SSADM) Rapid Application Development (RAD) Joint Application Development (JAD) Skilled Small Team Development End of Chapter Questions Chapter 2 The Design and Implementation Process End of Chapter Questions Chapter 3 Assessing Systems Impact Prototyping End of Chapter Questions Chapter 4 Design for User Tasks and Organizational Requirements Stages of a BPR Development Project End of Chapter Questions Chapter 5 System Implementation and Security User Involvement Change Over Strategies End of Chapter Questions References MODULE OUTCOMES • Differentiate and access different system design methods. • Evaluate different systems implementation issues. ...
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...Creating a Social Program HSM/240 Amanda Nelson Marilyn Gardner July 1, 2013 The social issue that “Striving for the Future”, plans to help correct is homelessness in America specifically East Tennessee. The individuals who are homeless are more often than others unable to acquire and maintain regular, safe, secure, and adequate housing. The legal definition of "homeless" varies from country to country, or among different entities or institutions in the same country or region. The term homeless may also include people whose primary night-time residence is in a homeless shelter, a warming center, a domestic violence shelter, cardboard boxes or other ad hoc housing situations. “An estimated 100 million people worldwide were homeless in 2005. In western countries, the large majority of homeless are men (75-80%), with single males particularly overrepresented. In the USA, LGBT people are over-represented among homeless youth, at 40%. Modern homelessness started as a result of economic stresses in society and reductions in the availability of affordable housing. In the United States, in the 1970s, the deinstitutionalization of patients from state psychiatric hospitals was a precipitating factor in urban areas. By the mid-1980s, there was also a dramatic increase in family homelessness. Tied into this were an increasing number of impoverished and runaway children, teenagers, and young adults, which created more street children or street youth. Most countries provide...
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...U9 Assignment of Software Engineering Homework-1 Submitted by: Submitted To: Name: Abhishek Mr. Amandeep sir Section: E - 3004 Roll_No: RE3004B58 Group : 2 Part – A Q1: Take a suitable example to develop a software and implement the waterfall Model technique in it to develop the software ? Ans: The waterfall model shows a process, where developers are to follow these phases in order: 1. Requirements specification (Requirements analysis) 2. Software Design 3. Integration 4. Testing (or Validation) 5. Deployment (or Installation) 6. Maintenance In a strict Waterfall model, after each phase is finished, it proceeds to the next one. Reviews may occur before moving to the next phase which allows for the possibility of changes (which may involve a formal change control process). Reviews may also be employed to ensure that the phase is indeed complete; the phase completion criteria are often referred to as a "gate" that the project must pass through to move to the next phase. Waterfall discourages revisiting and revising any prior phase once it's complete. This "inflexibility" in a pure Waterfall model has been a source of criticism by supporters of other more "flexible" models. The waterfall model proceeds from one phase to the next in a sequential manner...
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