...TermPaperWarehouse.com - Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents The Research Paper Factory Join Search Browse Saved Papers Home Page » Science Melting of Ice Glaciers In: Science Melting of Ice Glaciers The melting of ice glaciers is considered to be a normal act of nature. The real problem occurs when “the snow replenishing it is less than the melted water.” (Mathias, 2011). This problem is occurring with the majority of glaciers around the world, with the size of the glaciers reducing causing an increase in the sea water levels. The primary culprit for the sudden melting of ice glaciers is the rapid industrialization and the burning of fossil fuels taking place. There are many negative effects on the earth because of the rapid melting of ice glaciers but the most prominent ones are global warming, shortage in fresh water and the rise in sea level. The human population has taken action to try and reduce the severity of these effects, and have been successful in doing so, but they are still very present. Global warming is a concern that is well-known by the majority of our population and a mutual effort of several countries to reduce the overall release of pollution and greenhouse gases was carried out through a contract called the “Kyoto Protocol.” This is one good example of the awareness of the issues that we as a planet are facing, and how we have tackled these severe issues. Glacier melting is on the rise and the effects...
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...opportunity to prepare our research paper on the more specific and relevant way. It is rare opportunity. We are also grateful to the individuals and institutions whose work is helped us to prepare this research paper. We are also grateful to multiple webpage and link in related to climate change and sea level rise. We are also grateful to Bangladeshi local NGOs and their documents in related sea level rise. Sea level rise: Impacts on Bangladesh and the role of NGOs Introduction: climate change is one of the most raising issues in contemporary world. Global warming is an important cause if climate change. The temperature of the world is increasing day by day. As a result the ice of arctic areas is melting. And this is raising the sea level. Though the temperature is increasing equally all over the world but all the countries of the world are not equally affected by this global warming. Usually costal areas, islands, and lower lands are mostly affected by this sea level rise. They are flooded badly each year because of this sea level rise. Global warming not only affects the environmental life but also they affect the political economic and infrastructural basis. Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries of sea level rise. As it is a costal and lower land, so here lives and properties are at a severe risk. One of the island of Bangladesh, named South Talpatti Island has already sank because of sea level rise. NGOs role...
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...IAN STIRLING1 and CLAIRE L. PARKINSON2 (Received 10 November 2005; accepted in revised form 25 January 2006) ABSTRACT. Polar bears depend on sea ice for survival. Climate warming in the Arctic has caused significant declines in total cover and thickness of sea ice in the polar basin and progressively earlier breakup in some areas. Inuit hunters in the areas of four polar bear populations in the eastern Canadian Arctic (including Western Hudson Bay) have reported seeing more bears near settlements during the open-water period in recent years. In a fifth ecologically similar population, no changes have yet been reported by Inuit hunters. These observations, interpreted as evidence of increasing population size, have resulted in increases in hunting quotas. However, long-term data on the population size and body condition of polar bears in Western Hudson Bay, as well as population and harvest data from Baffin Bay, make it clear that those two populations at least are more likely to be declining, not increasing. While the ecological details vary in the regions occupied by the five different populations discussed in this paper, analysis of passive-microwave satellite imagery beginning in the late 1970s indicates that the sea ice is breaking up at progressively earlier dates, so that bears must fast for longer periods during the open-water season. Thus, at least part of the explanation for the appearance of more bears near coastal communities and hunting camps is likely that they...
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...Biotic Component Paper Biotic Components Paper In this paper I will conduct research on the Bolsa Chica Wetlands that are located in an area of lowlands in Orange County California, adjacent to the city of Huntington Beach. The area is managed by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), whose mission is to” protect and enhance; migratory shorebird, seabird, waterfowl overwintering habitat; protect natural habitat for shorebirds and seabirds; protect nesting and foraging conditions for threatened or endangered species” The Bolsa Chica Conservancy (BCC) is a local volunteer organization that assists in maintaining the area. Its goals are to ensure the preservation, restoration, and enhancement of the area (2010). This dynamic, yet fragile, ecosystem has been preserved since 1965, flourishing under diligent and careful management. Coastal ecosystems include marshes, coastal waters, estuaries, and lands located at the lower end of drainage basins, where rivers and streams meet the sea or ocean (United States FWS, 2010). These complex ecosystems are composed of biotic communities; plants, animals, birds, and microbes, and the abiotic community; nonliving, chemical, and physical. According to Wright (2008) the type of biotic community found in a given area, is largely determined by the abiotic factors, such as the amount of water, climate, the salinity, or type of soil. Bolsa Chica has a wealth of plant and animal species including Sea Lettuce, Pickleweed...
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...is one of the major hubs at the heart of Asia and is likely to play a significant role in the rising Asia. It can help shape and evolve the larger regional architecture in the Asia-Pacific region. Inside Southeast Asia, the internal political and social systems and the interaction between the two have created an interesting mix of hope, challenges and threats at the national, bilateral and regional levels. Besides, with the ongoing economic integration and political and security cooperation with regional powers, the regional organization-ASEAN seeks to balance these relations with the proliferation of new powers. The Institute of Peace & Conflict Studies (IPCS), as an independent research institute and a leading think-tank, explores what is happening in Southeast Asia today. The Southeast Asia Research Programme (SEARP) at the Institute monitors these internal issues in the region on a regular basis and further intends to convert the process into a annual meet to understand the dynamics of the current issues, challenges and problems in Southeast Asia. Three themes have been identified in the region which need immediate attention– Internal political challenges, inter-state conflicts and ASEAN and regional security. Theme-I Internal Political Challenges The primary security concerns confronting Southeast Asia have always been internal in nature. Many security problems in this region have stemmed from its internal strife, posing the greatest obstacle to Southeast Asian integration...
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...The paper Low prey abundance leads to less efficient foraging behavior in Steller sea lions details research done by Elizabeth Goundie, David Rosen, and Andrew Trites, in order to explain the recent and significant decline of Steller sea lions. Steller sea lions are a specie of sea lion that live in the Gulf of Alaska and Bering sea, which is located in the Western part of Alaska. In Western Alaska, the four seasons are clearly distinguishable, and Western Alaska generally has warm summers, 15.5 degrees Celsius, and cold winters, at -15 degrees Celsius. Most rain occurs during the summertime in between the middle of June and until October. Western Alaska also has a coastline longer than most of the coastlines of the United States, and most...
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...Jin Mun Thalassotherapy, from the Greek thalasso meaning ‘sea’ and therapia meaning ‘treatment’, uses the healing and beneficial properties of the sea and the marine environment for health and wellbeing. The principle behind thalassotherapy is that repeated exposure to sea air and immersion in warm seawater, mud, clay, and protein-rich algae helps restore the body's natural chemical balance. Seawater and human plasma are very similar. When immersed in warm seawater the body absorbs the minerals it needs through the skin. Thalassotherapy has important meaning in contemporary Health and Wellness Tourism industry, due to its applicability to various fields, not only tourism but also medical and beauty. Thalassotherapy is originated in France, during 19th century, and Worldwide, there are many health resort medicine centers dedicated to Thalassotherapy, especially in countries with coasts in northern and southern Europe, North Africa, Japan and, of course, the Dead Sea area (Armijo and San Martín 1994; Bobet 1999;Halevy and Sukenik 1998; Lucchetta et al. 2007). In this paper, the author will introduce 3 aspects of usage of thalassotherapy, usage in beauty, medical and tourism. In medical history, the concept of thalassotherapy casts back to approximately B.C. 400, by the book named “Ocean cures human disease” by Euripides. In 1791, Dr. John Latham established the first maritime hospital named ‘The Royal Sea-Bathing Infirmary’, east coast of England. In 1899, Dr. Louis...
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...BACKGROUND PAPER ON ISRAEL 1. This background paper discusses the country of Israel. The main points of this paper include the geography and military of Israel as well as United States of America (US) interest in Israel. 2. The nation of Israel is located on the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea. Lebanon is located to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest.1 Israel is a small nation in terms of geographical size with only 20,770 square kilometers of land and water area.2 It spans 290 miles in length and 85 miles across at the widest point.3 Even with the relatively small size Israel boasts an extremely diverse topography. The diversity starts in the north with mountains and ends in the south with the Negev Desert. The Negev Desert covers some 4,700 square miles which is more than half of the total land area of Israel.4 Israel also contains the lowest body of water in the world, the Dead Sea. It lies roughly 1,300 feet below sea level.5...
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...Water drainage techniques, materials, processes and maintenance (Name of Student) (Name of Institution) Water drainage techniques, materials, processes and maintenance Under ordinary conditions rain water seeps into the ground and forms underground water. Most of the water that falls as rain soaks into the ground or gets carried away by rivers. But in urban areas, the built environment alters the natural drainage of water, with hard surfaces increasing both the rate and amount of rainwater that turns into run-off. And it has to go somewhere. Traditional piped ‘drains’ have a limited capacity to cope with the high levels of surface water generated by extreme rainfall events. And, when the capacity of one or more parts of the drainage system is exceeded, the worst happens. For example, in the floods of June 2007, extreme rainfall in the Midlands and the north of England led to large-scale urban flooding, with over 55,000 properties affected: two thirds of these were from surface water run-off overloading drainage systems. In addition to flood risk, large amounts of surface water run-off can cause water quality problems. As water runs over hard urban surfaces, it picks up pollutants that are washed into water courses. For example, run-off from roads contains heavy metals and hydrocarbons which can seriously impact on water quality. A well planned drainage infrastructure helps to manage water run-off by preventing domestic...
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...Ballard was a great oceanographer. Ballard had always been interested in the sea since he was a little child. His curiosity got the best of him and he has accomplished so much since then. He has written a variety of books to go along with his scientific research and findings within the ocean floors. One of his most popular discoveries was The Titanic. His underwater archaeology work is amazing. It is pretty impressive to know that Ballard has a sense of humor when it comes to storytelling in his books. It is pretty incredible to go submarine diving and not know if you will surface because you are on a mission to find the impossible artifacts within the black sea. Ballard was also known for his natural discoveries during his deep-sea expeditions. Even though Ballard is known for his discoveries, his first expedition was unsuccessful. There are many written pages that discuss Richard Ballard’s underwater discoveries. “During Richards long career he conducted more than one hundred-twenty deep-sea expeditions using the latest in exploration technology, and he is a pioneer in the early use of deep-diving submarines” (Richard Ballard). As the president of an Exploration Institute, Ballard received many prestigious awards for his discoveries, television appearances and books to go and prove his findings. Many of Richards’s expeditions are well known. “He led the 1977 expedition that discovered deep-sea hydrothermal vents and their exotic fauna, the most profound oceanographer of...
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...Physiology My paper is going to discuss organism physiology and the basic fundamentals of organism while explaining what my understanding is and what I have learned. In order to better help me understand what organism is I had to first define the meaning. “Organisms are any living thing such as fungus, animals, plants, or micro-organism” (Dictionary.com) in which is a body made up of organs, organelles, along with different other parts that combine together to help continue the process of life. The continuous organisms never stop only cause it is what living things need to live for example the life of a dolphin. Dolphins have been known to be social creatures also being known for their interaction for the purpose of hunting, defense, and reproduction. (Aqua)They are also carnivores that feed on such sea creatures as fish, squid, octopus, cuttlefish, crabs, shrimps, and lobsters as for them; they are mostly food for sharks, killer whales, humans. Most expected age for an normal living Dolphins is said to be around the age of 30 years. Compare to a normal human that’s usually consider a young age. (UnderstandDolphins.com- (Diagram) In looking at the diagram, you see a lot of common factors that most living things have in order to live such as a heart, a brain, bones, and other organs that a body would need to live. As the same as human being animals have certain and mostly common parts that need to function as for nature in plates most needs a source of water soil and certain...
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...placed by people on ecosystems. Human activities have always had an impact on the ecosystem as a whole and over a period of time, this has had an irreversible impact on the ecosystem and the imbalance caused in the ecosystem have started to take its toll on the flora and fauna. The challenge now ahead of mankind is to focus on sustainable development and fight against issues like global warming and delayed rainfalls. Both the renewable and nonrenewable resources are under the threat of depletion. Issues like growing human population, deforestation, acute fuel shortage, and food production crisis drives our attention to sustainable development. The concept of sustainable development is making rounds ever since its inception in 1987. This paper proposes to build a conceptual model that relates social system and ecosystem with social, economic and environmental factors so as to build a System Dynamics model highlighting sustainable development. Keywords: Social Sustainability, Ecological Sustainability, Economic Sustainability, Environmental Sustainability, System Dynamics. Introduction: Sterman (2012) states that human civilization is unsustainable and is deteriorating rapidly. Fast paced life, desire for wealth creation, and rapid urbanization have...
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...Term Paper on “Climate Change and Bangladesh” Submitted by 1.Quazi Nizam Uddin, ID-5176 2.Kazi Golam Quddus,ID-5168 MBA(F) 4th Batch , Fall semister-2010 Submitted for Mohammad Jahangir Alam Asst Professor , Jahangir Nagar University & South East University Quantitative Analysis for Business decision (Bus-5119) Introduction As a part of our MBA course program we have to submit a term paper. As our course teacher selected the topics “Climate Change and Bangladesh”. Accordingly we have to write on this topic. Climate change is a long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in the average weather conditions or a change in the distribution of weather events with respect to an average, for example, greater or fewer extreme weather events. Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth. In recent usage, especially in the context of environmental policy, climate change usually refers to changes in modern climate. It may be qualified as anthropogenic climate change, more generally known as global warming or anthropogenic global warming Bangladesh is frequently cited as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change because of its disadvantageous geographic location, flat and low-lying topography...
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...In 2010, Climatologists Anny Cazenave and William Llovel stated that “recent acceleration in glacier melting and ice mass loss from the ice sheets” (Cazenave, 145) can be linked directly to an increase in global temperature. Their paper deducts that since water expands when it is warner, the ocean should also expand when it is warmer, in turn causing an overall increase in sea levels around the world. Section “2.2. Altimetry Era” states that “due to global deformation of ocean basins … we thus get a rate of global mean sea level rise of 3.4 ± 0.4 mm [per pear]” (Cazenave, 145). Cazenave later explains that the data was gathered through Topex/Poseidon, a satellite launched in August of 1992 by a joint satellite agency between the French and the Unites States of America. On board, it was equipped with only two onboard altimeters that sharing the same antenna. Nevertheless, during that period, it “ha[d] become the main tool for precisely measuring sea level changes globally” (Cazenave, 148), as it allowed for measurements of up to a precision of “>5 cm, [and after further data processing] to ∼1-2 cm” (Cazenave,...
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...Geography Research Response Paper What will be the environmental, sociopolitical, and economic impacts of 21st century climate change? * Environmental * A springtime “ozone hole” has developed in the last 30 years over Antarctica (Mann 30) * Without an ozone layer, unhealthy levels of UV radiation would reach Earth’s surface, making the planet largely uninhabitable (Mann 30) * Basic theoretical considerations as well as detailed climate-model simulations indicate a likely increase in the average intensity of tropical cyclones and hurricanes in all major formation basins (Mann 56) * We know that mountain glaciers over the world are disappearing, and that this disappearance is generally related to increased melting due to warmer atmospheric temperatures (Mann 58) * The combination of decreased summer precipitation and increased evaporation due to warming surface temperatures is predicted to lead to a greater tendency for drought in many regions (Mann 90) * Other likely impacts of climate change over the next century include increases in extreme weather phenomena, and rising sea levels due to melting ice and warming of the oceans (Mann 90) * Sea level is predicted to rise because water expands as it warms, and melting ice is also likely to have a major impact on the sea level (Mann 98) * Coastal regions will be subject to increased exposure to flood and storm damage, more intense coastal surges, and altered patterns...
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