...classification of burns that range from minor to severe. First degree burns, second degree burns and third degree burns. There are many causes of burn including sunburns, chemical or electrical burns and ones caused by fire. This paper will be and overview of the types of burns and there causes. It will also describe the best treatment for each type of burn and education of the patient. First-degree burns are minor and affect only the outer layer of the skin, the epidermis. They can cause pain, redness, and swelling and they can be erythematous, and dry. Usually, first degree burns do not require medical attention and can be given adequate attention and treatment at home. For minor,...
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...Phyllis Rose 10-4-14 Ms. Turner Human Anatomy Physiology Homework 5th period First, Second, And Third Degree Burns A first degree burn is an injury that affects the first layer of the skin. That first layer is called the epidermis layer. The wound description is a minor. It tends to go away in a few days. What can cause a first degree burn are sunburns, scalds, and electricity. The level of pain can increase and swells. If you want to treat your wounds at home, you must use a cool compress over it. The skin may peel as it heals and can take up to 20 days to heal. Always contact you doctor especially for electrical burns. You can sometimes have scars but they can fade away over time. A second degree burn are injuries that affect layers beyond the first layer of skin. The layer that is damaged is called the dermis. The wound description type is extensive. Some second degree burns take longer than three weeks to heal, some takes up more. This type of degree causes the skin to blister and become extremely red and sore. Some blisters pop open, giving it a water like look. There are a lot of thing that can causes a second degree burn. One of them is a chemical burn. Pain can be exquchiating if applied with the wrong application to heal it with. To heal second degree burns, do not use cotton ball wraps and treatments made at home you think can help that you may have questions about that may or may not be safe to used. To treat it, run cool water on the wound for fifteen...
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...Severe Body Burns How Severe Burns Affect the Muscular, Integumentary, and Nervous Systems December 15, 2009 Severe Body Burns The purpose of this paper is to review the possible damage and some of the treatments available for muscular, integumentary, and nervous system after patients have received severe burns to their body. Over 2 million people are badly burned every year, with fire accounting for one fourth of the burns (Cakir & Yegen, 2004). While the muscular, integumentary, and nervous systems are three separate systems they rely on one another and other system of the body to maintain homeostasis in the body. The nervous system uses nerve impulses to communicate and control body functions. The nervous system sends a nervous impulse which the muscular system responds to by contracting a muscle to produce movement or generate heat to maintain the core body temperature (Thibodeau & Patton, 2008). The integumentary system protects all of the underlying systems, but also allows the body to respond to stimuli such as nerve impulses sent from the nervous system. While other systems of the body are also affected by a severe burn, this paper will focus primarily on the muscular, integumentary, and nervous systems. The muscular systems primary functions are to produce movement, maintain posture, and generate heat the body needs to maintain its core temperature (Thibdeau & Patton, 2008). When a serious burn occurs it is...
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...Case Studies #1: Mr. MacPherson Mr. MacPherson came into the ER with burns on both of his arms and hands and on his face as the result of a grease fire in his kitchen. He complained of severe pain. His burns showed signs of blistering, swelling and fluid loss. According to the “rule of nines” (Thibodeau & Patton, 2010), it appears this patient has suffered burns over approximately 14% of his body surface (4.5% for each arm and 4.5% face for a total of 13.5%). These would be classified as second-degree burns (“Types of burns”, 2012) which involve the first two layers of skin and show signs of pain and blistering of which Mr. MacPherson complained. As a note of comparison, first-degree burns involve the top layer of skin, such as in sun-burn, and show signs of reddening, painful to touch, and mild swelling. Third-degree burns penetrate the entire thickness of skin and permanently destroy tissue layers, resulting in skin that is dry and leathery, appearing charred or having patches which appear white, brown, or black. Remarkably third-degree burns are often painless, although pain may be caused by patches of first- and second-degree burns which often surround third-degree burns (“Types of burns”, 2012). Case Studies #2: Margie Margie, who plays center on the women’s varsity basketball tem, complains that her knee is very sore and she felt a “pop” during a scrimmage tumble. Her knee, the largest and most vul-nerable joint in her body, buckles under her weight. ...
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... coffee. Liebeck placed the cup between her knees and attempted to remove the plastic lid from the cup. As she removed the lid, the entire contents of the cup spilled into her lap. The sweatpants Liebeck was wearing absorbed the coffee and held it next to her skin. A vascular surgeon determined that Liebeck suffered full thickness burns (or third-degree burns) over 6 percent of her body, including her inner thighs, perineum, buttocks, and genital and groin areas. She was hospitalized for eight days, during which time she underwent skin grafting. Liebeck, who also underwent debridement treatments [removal of dead skin], sought to settle her claim for $20,000, but McDonalds refused. During discovery, McDonalds produced documents showing more than 700 claims by people burned by its coffee between 1982 and 1992. Some claims involved third-degree burns substantially similar to Liebecks. This history documented McDonalds' knowledge about...
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...Healthcare Science Self-Study I will be researching and mastering the knowledge of medical terms and procedures in a burn unit rotation before I begin. Some terms include debridement, dermatone, skin graft, allograft, and silvadene cream. Debride is a removal of dead tissues destroyed by the burn injury, and is a procedure for many burn victims. Silvadene cream is an antibiotic ointment used on the burn wound to help fight infection for burn victims, and normally people allergic to sulfa drugs shouldn’t use this treatment. A skin graft is when a portion of your own skin is taken from an unburned area of your body and placed on a burned area, while an allograft is a dressing used to cover areas of the body that are burned. Diagnoses for burns...
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...Buy one coffee and get US $640,000 free Reported by: Violet Simbi, M984011056 Uyanga Purevjav, M984011053 Anh Le, M984011066 NSYSU Department of Management BRIEF CONTENTS Abstract 3 1. Introduction and issue identification of the case 4 2. Analysis 7 2.1. Stakeholder analysis 7 2.1.1. Consumers 8 2.1.2. Owners, executives, employee 8 2.1.3. Other groups of stakeholders 9 2.2. CSR Analysis 9 3. Evaluations 10 3.1. Who is to blame? 10 3.2. Root cause analysis 11 3.3. Recommendations 11 4. Implication of the case for future product related complaints 12 Conclusion 15 References 16 Appendix (Case: “The coffee spill heard round the world”) 17 Abstract The Stella Awards were inspired by the Stella Liebeck case in 1992. Stella purchases McDonald’s coffee from a drive through and later received US $ 640,000 for burning herself with this coffee. The lawsuit between Stella Liebeck and McDonald’s – a huge cooperation, was one of the most controversial court cases of its time. In this paper we defined the major ethical issues, analyzed who are the stakeholders and how the stakeholders influenced this case. Furthermore, we also mentioned other complain and lawsuits which McDonald’s had to face with before 2007, which means before and after Stella’s case. Finally, we have some references and comments form McDonalds in particularly. As well as general comments about how organizations and how they make final decisions in the future when...
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...numerous blisters. These areas cover 35% of the trunk (front and back) and 25% of the arms and legs (front and back). 1. Draw a simple two-dimensional diagram of the skin, showing the three major layers (epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis) and the following accessory structures: a hair follicle, a sebaceous gland, eccrine and apocrine sweat (sudoriferous) glands, and an arrector pili muscle. Draw this diagram freehand. Do not trace it out of a text book. Use this diagram as the cover sheet for the assignment you turn in. 2. List the five layers of the epidermis. Which layer of the epidermis that is present on the soles of feet and the palms is not present on the areas that this student burned? 3. What type of burn has the student received (i.e. First degree, second degree, or third degree)? Describe the symptoms that...
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...Questions 1. Seborrheic dermatitis 2. It's called the lunula, and it's the only visible part of the nail matrix. It's primary role is to define the structure of the free edge of the nail and can also be used to determine the general health of your body 3. Granulosum 4. Arrector pili 5. Addison's 6. Terminal 7. Second-degree 8. Melanocytes 9. Lucidum 10. Papillary 11. • Autoimmune disorders • Diseases • Nutritional deficiencies • Poisons • Prescription drugs • Chemotherapy drugs • Radiation exposure • Stress • Physical trauma to the scalp • Hair loss following childbirth • Psychological • Hair styling techniques • Hair styling products 12. Keratinocyte enzymes can neutralize carcinogens that penetrate the epidermis. Keratinocytes are also able to convert topical steroid hormones to a powerful anti-inflammatory drug. 13. First degree burns - Only the epidermis is damaged. Second degree burns - Injures the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis. Third degree burns - Involves the entire thickness of the skin. 14. Hair that lacks pigment and is often called "immature hair." 15. It appears to be genetically determined and sex-linked, and is possibly caused by a delayed-action gene that responds to DHT and alters normal metabolism. 16. Due to the metabolic activities of bacteria on the surface of the skin. 17. Allows excessive fluid loss and infection. 18. 1. Protection against...
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...ago; the links at the bottom of the essay may have expired. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- McDonalds coffee and the Liebeck lawsuit Lis Riba, 2000 Here are some facts about what really happened: At the trial, it was revealed: •McDonalds required their coffee kept at 185 degrees Fahrenheit, plus or minus 5 degrees, significantly higher than other establishments. [Coffee is usually served at 135 to 140 degrees] •An expert testified that 180 degree liquids will cause full thickness burns in 2 to 7 seconds. •McDonalds knew before this accident that burn hazards exist with any foods served above 140 degrees. •McDonalds knew that its coffee would burn drinkers at the temperature they served it. •McDonalds research showed that customers consumed coffee immediately while driving. •McDonalds knew of over 700 people burned by its coffee, including many third-degree burns similar to Ms. Liebeck's. •McDonalds had received previous requests from consumers and safety organizations to lower their coffee temperature. There were many things McDonalds could've done to prevent injuries: •lowering the holding temperature of their coffee, •putting warning labels on the cups not to drink immediately, •redesigning the...
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...motions of both defendants for summary judgment”. 3. Briefly state the facts of this case, using the information found in the case in LexisNexis. (5 points) b. The facts of this case are that Christopher Nadel suffered from second degree burns to his right foot after being burned by hot coffee ordered from a Burkger King drive-thru. Christopher was seated in middle front seat between his father, Paul and Grandmother, Evelyn. Evelyn received a burn to her right leg when tasting her coffee and it was too hot. Christopher’s second degree burns resulted when Evelyn was placing her coffee down and Paul pulled into the street. On behalf of Christopher, the Nadels sued the owner of Burger King for product liability and failure to display hot warning labels. The owner of Burger King and Burger King Corp. moved for summary judgment which the trial court granted. Burger King stated they were immune to product liability because they aren’t the manufacturer, seller, or supplier of the faulty cups. 4. According to the case, why was this not a case of negligent infliction of emotional distress, and what tort did the court approve? (5 points) c. This is not a negligent infliction of emotional distress case because Burger King (1) did not burn the Nadels intentionally or recklessly. (2) Burger King’s conduct was not outrageous and the conduct was not the cause of emotional distress. d. In Nadel et al v. Burger King Corp. & Emil Inc., the courts approved breach of...
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...motions of both defendants for summary judgment”. 3. Briefly state the facts of this case, using the information found in the case in LexisNexis. (5 points) b. The facts of this case are that Christopher Nadel suffered from second degree burns to his right foot after being burned by hot coffee ordered from a Burkger King drive-thru. Christopher was seated in middle front seat between his father, Paul and Grandmother, Evelyn. Evelyn received a burn to her right leg when tasting her coffee and it was too hot. Christopher’s second degree burns resulted when Evelyn was placing her coffee down and Paul pulled into the street. On behalf of Christopher, the Nadels sued the owner of Burger King for product liability and failure to display hot warning labels. The owner of Burger King and Burger King Corp. moved for summary judgment which the trial court granted. Burger King stated they were immune to product liability because they aren’t the manufacturer, seller, or supplier of the faulty cups. 4. According to the case, why was this not a case of negligent infliction of emotional distress, and what tort did the court approve? (5 points) c. This is not a negligent infliction of emotional distress case because Burger King (1) did not burn the Nadels intentionally or recklessly. (2) Burger King’s conduct was not outrageous and the conduct was not the cause of emotional distress. d. In Nadel et al v. Burger King Corp. & Emil Inc., the courts approved breach of...
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...Emergencies An emergency situation occurs when a person suddenly becomes ill or is injured and requires an immediate medical response. Emergencies can happen at any time. For example, imagine two friends at an amusement park, talking and laughing while waiting in line to ride a rollercoaster. One friend tells the other that she does not feel well. She looks pale. Suddenly, she falls to the ground. If her friend knows what to do, she may be able to prevent further harm to her friend, or even save her life. First Aid In many cases, emergency care may require some form of first aid. In a best-case scenario, emergency care is performed by an emergency care professional. However, in some cases, emergency care procedures are required before a professional can arrive on the scene. For this reason, it is important that the general population and, more importantly, all health care workers know how to perform emergency care. Agencies such as the American Red Cross and the American Heart Association train people to perform these life-saving procedures. Top of Form Question # 1 An emergency situation occurs when a person suddenly becomes ill or is injured and requires an immediate medical response. • [pic]True • [pic]False [pic] Correct Answer. Bottom of Form Top of Form [pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic] Question # 2 In a best-case scenario, emergency care is performed by whom? • [pic]An emergency care professional • [pic]The general population • [pic]A...
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...She suffered third degree burns that scarred over 16% of her body. This 16% included her genitals, buttocks, thighs, and groin area. She spent over a week in the hospital where she had to have a series of skin grafts. She was also partially disabled for around two years after the accident. A liquid that can cause severe injuries like this cup of McDonald’s coffee did, should not be served to customers. It is extremely dangerous as it proved to be for Stella Liebeck. At the time of spilling the coffee on herself, Stella went through the first stage of disputing, which is grievance or the preconflict stage (Lippman 212). She believed she had been wronged or injured and had to choose whether or not to confront McDonald’s or to just walk away. Stella could have either lumped or avoided the situation. Lumping it is when you decide to not pursue the grievance and just live with the situation. Avoidance is when you completely walk away from the situation and end the relationship with McDonald’s (Lippman 213). But because of the severity and $20,000 cost of Stella’s injuries, she decided to pursue McDonald’s wrong doing. When you have injuries to that extent, you really have no choice but to do...
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...Loyola Consumer Law Review Volume 10 | Issue 4 Article 6 1999 Courts Split as to Whether Consumers Injured by Hot Coffee Can Seek Recovery Zachary Rami Follow this and additional works at: http://lawecommons.luc.edu/lclr Part of the Consumer Protection Law Commons Recommended Citation Zachary Rami Courts Split as to Whether Consumers Injured by Hot Coffee Can Seek Recovery, 10 Loy. Consumer L. Rev. 310 (1998). Available at: http://lawecommons.luc.edu/lclr/vol10/iss4/6 This Case Note is brought to you for free and open access by LAW eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loyola Consumer Law Review by an authorized administrator of LAW eCommons. For more information, please contact cklink@luc.edu. CASE NOTES Courts split as to whether consumers injured by hot coffee can seek recovery by Zachary Rami Common sense, coffee and consumers clashed recently in McMahon v. Bunn-O-Matic,l wherein the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals held that a coffee maker manufacturer did not have a duty to warn consumers that its coffee would be served at 180 degrees, and that the coffee maker was not defectively designed. The decision, which affirmed a lower court's entry of summary judgment in favor of the coffee maker manufacturer, is consistent with a majority of courts, which have held in recent years that such claims leave no issue of material fact for trial.' However, not every jurisdiction has routinely dismissed these "coffee" cases. In fact, McMahon referred to Nadel v. Burger...
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