...Christian Counseling attempts to provide encouragement and guidance for those who are facing losses, decisions, or disappointments. Counseling can stimulate personality growth and development, help people cope more effectively with the problems of living, with inner conflict, and with crippling emotions, assist individuals, family members, and married couples to resolve interpersonal tensions or relate effectively to one another and assist persons whose life patterns are self-defeating and causing unhappiness. The Christian counselor seeks to bring people into a personal relationship with Jesus Christ and to help them find forgiveness and relief from the crippling effects of sin and guilt. Therapist Characteristics A Christian counselor has beliefs about the attributes of God, the nature of human beings, the authority of Scripture, the reality of sin, the forgiveness of God and the hope for the future. The counselor seeks to help counselees change behavior, attitudes, values, faulty thinking and/or perceptions. We attempt to teach skills, including social skills, to encourage recognitions and expression of emotion, to give support in times of need, to teach responsibility, to instill insight, to guide as decisions are made, to help counselees mobilize inner and environmental resources in times of crisis, to teach problem-solving skills, and to increase counselee competence. The Christian counselor also seeks to stimulate spiritual growth, encourage confession of sin and...
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...process and outcome of therapy. For this reason, it is a topic that is examined in depth in human service education programs and research. Theory is used to explain client problems and to dictate what is done in the counseling process (Hackney, 1992). Theory can be used to define “the nature of the relationship between the counselor and client, to conceptualize the nature of the presenting problem(s), and to define the resulting counseling goals or desired outcomes” (p.2). In the past, much focus has been paid on delineating and accentuating the differences between the many theories of therapy (Sprenkle, 2003, p. 93). Today, there is a move towards convergence of theories within the helping practices (Hackney, 1992, p. 3; Sprenkle, 2003). Researchers and practitioners are searching for an integrated approach which emphasizes the key components within the helping process and relationship that have been linked to effective therapy (Hackney, 1992, p.2). Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and Person-Centered Therapy (PCT) have been shown to bring about positive changes in therapy. CBT and PCT, like all single-theory approaches, have limitations. Literature suggests that when the change-producing techniques of CBT and PCT are combined and applied, counseling is more effective (Josefowitz & Myran, 2005; Tursi & Cochran, 2006). In this paper, CBT and PCT are reviewed and then integrated into one approach. A case example is then presented and hypothetical helping sessions...
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...Career Exploration Paper Tori Turner Liberty University Career Exploration Paper Career Field & Occupation Choice Within society, there are many occupations to explore and chose. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) results showed that my personal career strengths fall under the area of teaching and counseling. Currently, as a school counselor for a high school in Duncanville, Texas, a suburb outside of Dallas, I find the results of the assessment to be very accurate. Making the decision to become a counselor is a rewarding and exciting career choice. In the world of counsling, there are many individuals who place emphasis on not just basic implications, but also on theoretical studies that usually are a part of their professional and personal experiences. As times have change, so have educational curricula. Counselors and educators, their philosophies, and educational standards continue to change; therefore, educators have to take on responsibility and think more about their chosen roles within the educational system and the various means of combining theory and practice. The general examination of the different roles in counseling, personal career assessments and ideological relationships each play a role in the area of education and counseling. As a result of the choice as having a career as a counselor attaches the decision to continue to research theories and then integrate them into areas of education helps to build a solid foundation, which will...
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...Crabb PACO 507 Theology and Spirituality Counseling Susie N. McCoy Liberty University Dr. Max Mills Spring 2014 Comparison of Larry Crabb’s Book Effective Biblical Counseling This comparison paper will briefly evaluate Larry Crabb’s (1977) reflection, responses, and summary given in his book Effective Biblical Counseling: A Model for Helping Caring Christians Become Capable Counselors, Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan. This comparison will reflect on Crabb’s (1977) four approaches to integrating the Bible and counseling, and his three levels of counseling models that can be integrated into the functioning of a local church. This study will explore that one must be a caring Christian in order to become a capable counselor and that any approach to counseling that is Biblical base will be successful among a body of believers in a local church setting. Crabb (1977) stated that since effective counseling requires both a caring attitude and an understanding heart of Christian love of human functioning, than the mature believers in the local churches need to be train in counseling insights and skills (p. 14). Summary: Crabb’s Theory/Methodology In his book Crabb (1977) offered three levels of counseling to be used in the local church. The first one that should be implemented is educating the believers of the local church with the strategies and method of biblical counseling. His second level is exhortation in counseling. He defined exhortation as the requirement...
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...Examination of Clinical Psychology At its base level, clinical psychology is the attempt of an educated individual applying their knowledge of human behavior (gathered through scientific research) to address the relational, physiological, or affective concerns or troubles of another’s life. Plante (2011) defines clinical psychology as an understanding, assessment, and treatment of psychological or behavioral disorders. As a scientific enterprise that employees the scientific method to study and evaluate procedures and possible treatments, clinical psychology endeavors to research the most acceptable methods of aiding its patients. Psychotherapy and research go hand-in-hand, creating circumstances where art illuminates science and science illuminates art (Plante, 2011). The purpose of this paper is to examine the ever-changing nature of clinical psychology while explaining the specifics of counseling as done with the use of clinical psychology. History Hippocrates was the first to produce a somewhat naïve, but complete, definition of dysfunction and disease (Plante, 2011). He believed that certain emotions and maladjustments of the mind were caused by imbalances in the levels of blood, phlegm, yellow bile, or black bile. Anger, depression, and other extreme emotions could be caused by these aberrations of humors. Plato put forth the idea that the soul, or metaphysical world, might have visible effects on the physical domain. Holistic medicinal theory was developed...
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...mental illness, and addictions. My personal opinion is that there is not enough counselors out there for adults. I welcome the idea of having my own practice and to being able to help someone make a positive change in his or her life. Though I must admit, that after working with aggressive, traumatized, abused kids I think I will work with families as well as single adults. At the beginning of this semester, I sated that self-awareness is something that grows over time and with exploration. I find myself reflecting on my thoughts and beliefs on a daily basis, a constant growth that can only lead to being a great counselor in the future. To further recap on my mindset, beliefs, and qualities, I see myself as having a gift for understanding and empathizing with others. Additionally, my personal qualities of patience, compassion, and good listening give me the character traits needed to be an exceptional counselor.It is because of my life experiences that I venture into the world of Clinical Mental Health utilizing theories such as, Positive Psychology, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Reality (choice) Theory, Sand Tray (for the kids), and Client-Centered Therapy. To touch on my view of the world, by no means is it a naïve view. The world can be harsh, vile, and unforgiving. On the other hand, the world is full of opportunity, grace, miracles, and forgiveness. As for the human race, I believe that we all are born with the ability to love, to want to be loved and the ability...
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...inimitable experiences of each individual clearly drive and complicate the process of ethical decision-making. In espousing the “very highest ethical ideals of the profession (Hill, 2008),” eventually every psychologist must find a way to merge her purely objective, linear, and rational ethical catechism with her own intuitive responses to best reflect and balance her style, therapeutic orientation, and professional belief system with the needs of each distinct client. Conversely, a purely sensate approach to ethical decision-making, it seems, relies too heavily on subjectivity, whimsy, and emotions. An effective and client-centered therapist hopes to eventually develop the nuanced sophistication and knowledge to blend impressions, self-exploration, and reflection with a step-by-step explication of each dilemma that both upholds the lofty standards of a well-schooled clinician with satisfactory outcomes that ensure unconditional support and relief for each client. To that end, Susan’s...
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...individuals maintain jobs when they need income for everyday living expenses. A person that has a passion to work in the field of psychology can work as a cashier at a McDonald’s restaurant. A career is defined as “the integration of our personality with our job activities.” (Sukiennik, Raufman, & Bendat, 2013, p. 9) The differentiation between what a job and a career is relates to my own career plans because I would definitely like to have a career in the future. I would appreciate for which ever career field that I become integrated into to be an area that I can utilize all of my skills and attributes in. I am currently pursuing a career in professional counseling specializing in adolescent counseling, and I believe that the skills that I have would allow me to be extremely effective. I am ready and willing to continue my pursuit in advancing my education in attempt to land where I am working towards. I want the long term stability that a career has the potential to provide. After reading about Donald Super’s self-concept theory, I began to think more deeply about how I view myself as an individual, my own personal skills and characteristics, and what my true position in life could be. I soon realized that many of my traits could be quite helpful in the professional counseling field. I have gone through the career selection stages of growth and exploration, and I am currently at the establishment stage. (Sukiennik, Raufman, & Bendat, 2013) I am attending college and working as...
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...Carl Rodgers(1902-1987) is the individual most responsible for person centered counseling. He was the forth child in a family of six. Carl’s mother was a devout protestant with strict religious standards and was very hard on him and his brothers and sisters. Also, in spite of his he described the relationships in his family as warm and close. As a young child he as he pursued mainly scholarly interests. In addition, Carl was described as very socially introverted . As a result of this and his mother’s harsh treatment, he was discouraged from playing. While Carl was in his youth going through elementary and high school, he developed an active imagination, reflected on life, and concentrated on reading and doing his school work. Also, during this Carl lived on a farm and was responsible to do many chores,due to his parents stressing protestant ethic. Consequetly, he became very dependent and self disciplined. As a student in college he first studied agriculture, then history, then religion, and finally to clinical psychology. Also, in his college years, he was chosen to go to Bejing for the “World Student Federation Christian conference” While there he would learn about different religious philosophies and started to question his own beliefs on religion. As a result, this experience would shape his views of human behavior. The basis of the person centered theory in counseling is that it is a particular view of human nature that proposes that people are basically...
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...Cross-Cultural Motivation and Self-Determination Susan McGilloway Walden University Self-Determination Theory For decades researchers have studied human motivation and the process of developing self-determination (Deci & Ryan, 1980, 1985, 1991; Deci & Ryan, 2000; Ryan & Deci, 2000; Deci & Ryan, 2008; Vallarand, Pelletier, and Koestner, 2008). Human motivation is the drive to change personal or public behaviors on an individual or societal level. Self-determination theory presupposes that motivation is the inner impetus to implement sustained change independent of control by others (Deci & Ryan, 2000; 2008). Deci and Ryan (2008) and Milyavskaya and Koestner (2011) suggested that SDT applies to multiple spheres of life domains such as health, education, and work. The concept of motivation and self-determination goes beyond mere goal achievement and addresses the concepts of psychological, emotional, and physical well-being (McGilloway, 2011). According to Deci & Ryan (2009), SDT is in contrast to the Hull drive (Hull, 1943) and Skinner reinforcement theories (Skinner, 1953). However, White (1959) suggested that an innate motive that is psychological supplements drive theory - a precursor to the concept of intrinsic motivation and the satisfaction of psychological needs. In contrast to the drive theory of Hull and the reinforcement theory of Skinner, SDT strays from the concept of “deficit principles” (Deci & Ryan, 2000). In SDT psychological needs are understood as constructs...
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...Psychology, Other - Year 2 Person-Centered model of helping Prepare a response on a Person-Centered model of helping. I need suggestions, information and ideas for each section in this task to help get me started. TASK: You must integrate your learning from the course and discuss how and why you have, at this point in your development, formed your viewpoint(s). Your response must include the following elements: 1. Presentation of the Person-Centered model 2. Your view of helping and how your chosen model fits within your viewpoint 3. The relationship between the clinician and the participant as it relates to Person-Centered model 4. Techniques or approaches to change as indicated in the Person-Centered model 5. The kinds of problems that can be addressed with Person-Centered model 6. The population(s) that this Person-Centeredmodel can help 7. Limitations and strengths of the Person-Centeredmodel 8. Multicultural issues related to the Person-Centeredmodel Paper must show adequate understanding of the material presented in the workshop, and reflect your ability to integrate and synthesize the course material. • Created: • Jun 01, 2009 11:15 am • Solution By Expert: • Departed Expert Solutiongo to problem One approach to help you with an assignment like this one is to address each question, which you can then draw on for your final copy. This is the approach that this response takes. I also attached a helpful APA resource. Let's take...
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...PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE This course aims at preparing students for a professional journey in the growing field of psychology by creating interest and developing an understanding of basic concepts of the discipline. Its major concerns include fostering capability to meet the challenges of self-discovery and effective participation in responding to the needs of society. With a vision to create a balance between society and the individual, the course intends to enable students in developing abilities needed for meeting the challenges and needs of the real world effectively. Along with it, students would also be encouraged to build a relationship with oneself, requisite for self discovery. To this end, the course emphasizes on building the conceptual foundations and acquiring psychological skills through classroom teaching/learning consisting of reflective as well as creative engagement in exercises, projects and hands on experiences. The teaching-learning of the programme would be organized through lectures, group discussions, experiential exercises, group projects, presentations, workshops and seminars. Students would be encouraged to connect to real life issues and participate in the programs and practices in the different social context. To this end practicum is incorporated as an important component in most of the papers with hands on training in the use of various research methods such as: laboratory experiments, field experiments, observation, testing, survey, interview, case...
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...Play Therapy in Elementary School CED 600: Introduction to Counseling Abstract Because the child's world is a world of action and activity, play therapy provides the psychologist in elementary-school settings with an opportunity to enter the child's world. In the play therapy relationship, toys are like the child's words and play is the child's language. Therefore, children play out their problems, experiences, concerns, and feelings in a manner that is similar to the process of talk therapy. This paper provides practical information about play therapy, a discussion of the skills needed by the psychologist/counselor, how to involve parents in the treatment process, and a review of play therapy research studies. Play Therapy in Elementary School An Overview of Play Therapy Play therapy is to children what talk therapy is to adults. Play is a child’s language, children express themselves best through their natural language—the language of play. Play therapy refers to a method of psychotherapy whereby the child’s natural means of expression, namely plays, is used as a therapeutic method to help him/her in coping with emotional stress or trauma. Therapist use a child's fantasies and the symbolic meanings of his or her play as a method for understanding and communication with the child. Play therapy is used to treat problems that are interfering with the child's normal development. Such difficulties would be extreme in degree and have been occurring for many months...
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...In early August 2015, I relocated to Jacksonville to embark on my Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling (CMHC) at the University of North Florida (UNF). This marked a definitive step in my career transition process. Approximately three years ago, several life and work related events converged which caused me to re-evaluate my life. Personal triggers included - turning 50, my husband’s health issues and his post-retirement life-style change and my mother’s retirement and her subsequent move to Jacksonville. At work, I was charged with the assessment of Obamacare and the implementation of the Health Exchange for Medicaid products; areas which I oversaw. I was also selected by senior executives at the corporation where I was employed to participate in the Executive Leadership Program for America’s Health Insurance Plans (AHIP). Despite having been certified from the prestigious program and recognized by internal and external entities as a leader and subject matter expert in my field, I was becoming increasing disenchanted at work. I was not able to break the “glass ceiling”. Those at the executive levels were (and are) mostly white males. Minorities (non-whites, non-hetero males and females) were already in place. There appeared to be no need to admit additional “tokens” to fulfill an appearance of diversity at the upper echelons. When I evaluated the impact of Obamacare, I predicted the need for substantial downsizing due to automation and projected revenue...
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...Developing Personal Style of Counseling Abstract Counseling is a profession, a unique relationship in which the counselor’s job is to hold a ‘mirror’ for the client to see himself or herself. The counselor understands that sometimes it takes a while for the client to see what he or she needs especially if there are more subtle things needing recognition. The counselor knows how to hold the ‘mirror’ in such a way that the client can see himself or herself from a caring, supportive and sympathetic perspective. Sometimes counselors may appear to be repeating what the client says or paraphrasing the clients rather than giving answers. When counselors are doing this there is a strategy behind it. Counseling is not about expect fixing problematic people, they just motivate people to pick up the broken pieces in their behaviors that need attention. Because counselors have a lot of experience witnessing human beings in various forms of life challenges, they use techniques or share observations that are more revealing than what friends or family members might say. With these revelations, clients make decisions and with the support of the counselor, clients take action towards positive growth in their lives. This paper is an expression of my current thinking regarding a theoretical approach of individual counseling. The counselor’s approach is unique based on his or her personal belief systems and values. I have adopted and integrated counseling approach to understanding...
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