...setup can dramatically affect students' attitudes toward learning and their habits of learning. Students need an environment that is organized, stimulating, and comfortable in order to learn effectively. One way a teacher can create this type of learning environment is by creating learning centers throughout his or her classroom along with instructional areas. Take the physical features of your classroom into account when planning out what type of learning centers you want to have in your classroom. As the year progresses, you can add different kinds of learning centers to fit your classes. When sitting up your learning centers you not only want to take in the physical features of your classroom. You also need to consider the age of your students, the number of students and the type of activities you want to be conducted. Learning centers consist of multiple stations for children to rotate through. Stations may contain activities from different subjects, such as math, science and reading, or different activities related to the same topic. Using learning centers in your classroom is a fun way for students to experience hands-on learning independently or in small groups. It also opens up possibilities for you to work with small groups or individual students. One type of learning center that is valuable for young children is a reading center. A reading center is a place for students to read independently or quietly with a partner. It should provide comfortable seating, a...
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...activity, including physical education, and academic performance. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2010. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary . 5 Introduction . 8 Methods 10 Conceptual Definitions . 10 Inclusion Criteria . 10 Identification of Studies that Met the Inclusion Criteria . 11 Classification of Studies . 11 Study Coding Process . 12 Data Analysis . 13 Results . 14 School-Based Physical Education Studies . 16 Recess Studies . 19 Classroom Physical Activity Studies . 21 Extracurricular Physical Activity Studies . 24 28 Summary . Overall Findings . 28 Findings for Physical Activity by Context . 29 Findings by Gender, Other Demographic Characteristics, and Research Design . 30 Strengths and Limitations of Review . 30 Implications for Future Research or Evaluation . 31 Implications for Schools . 32 References . 34 Appendices . 39 Appendix A: Database Search Terms . 39 Appendix B: Coding Sheet...
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...interventions that address the discipline/behavioural challenges of students who are alcohol-affected. It is getting ready is the important to remember that these students have permanent neurological damage secret of success. that will make changing behaviour difficult. Some of the behaviour management strategies used with other students may not be successful for the child who is alcohol-affected. Unique and individual interventions are more important than any prescribed behaviour program. Some examples of useful interventions include building relationships, adapting the environment, managing sensory stimulation, changing communication strategies, providing prompts and cues, using a teach, review, and reteach process, and developing social skills. The classroom teacher needs to ensure acceptance for all students in the classroom. Teachers’ actions that can promote acceptance include • choosing learning materials to represent all groups of students • ensuring that all students can participate in extra activities • valuing, respecting, and talking about differences • celebrating cultural and ethnic differences • ensuring that learning activities are designed for a variety of abilities • ensuring that all students are protected from name-calling or other forms of abusive language • modelling acceptance Setting the Stage This subsection will provide suggestions for how a teacher can prepare the groundwork for working with a student who...
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...classroom consequences that work? • design positive behavioral supports for challenging behaviors? • avoid career- and health-threatening frustration and burnout? The establishment and maintenance of safe and supportive classrooms that contribute to high quality student achievement are critical skills that are rarely taught at the university. Consequently, those skills must be crafted and honed “on the job.” Each school and each classroom presents its own unique challenges, and because every year brings a new group of students, teachers must become lifelong learners. The foundation of this learning lies in just a few research-supported principles and actions, TeachSafeSchools.com and the Melissa Institute for Violence Prevention and Treatment have condensed the information for ready consumption. Everything starts with TEACH: T.E.A.C.H. T – Tailor for diversity. Make it a point to know as much as possible about your students, including their diverse cultural, ethnic, behavioral, and learning characteristics, along with stressors they may experience outside of school. E – Encourage positive behavior. Aim for a 4:1 ratio of positive comments to negative corrections for all the students. A – Arrange the environment for success. Teach your behavioral expectations directly and immediately through collaboratively-established classroom rules and well designed classroom routines. C – Consult your peers. Seek collaboration with experienced teachers and...
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...Classroom Management 2 Implementation of Skinner's Theories 3 Critique of Skinner's Theories 4 Questions for Consideration 5 References Overview of Skinner's Theories of Classroom Management[edit] The Theory Skinner believed that the goal of psychology should be practical (Lieberman, 2000). As it relates to education, Skinner believed the goal of psychology should be to find ways to make education enjoyable and effective for all students. His learning theory relied on the assumption that the best way to modify behavior was to modify the environment. Skinner was a proponent for many instructional strategies that modern day “progressive” educational reformers advocate for: scaffold instruction, small units, repetition and review of instructions, and immediate feedback. Skinner did not approve of the use of punishments in school, or as a behavioral modification technique in general, and based these opinions on his own empirical research that found punishments to be ineffective (Lieberman, 2000). Skinner himself advocated for the frequent use of reinforcement (i.e. rewards) to modify and influence student behavior. Skinner’s primary contribution to behavioral management philosophy has been from his research on operant conditioning and reinforcement schedules. An operant is a behavior that acts on the surrounding environment to produce a consequence. As a result of the consequence, the operant’s likelihood of reoccurring is affected. The operant is said to be reinforced...
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...classroom consequences that work? • design positive behavioral supports for challenging behaviors? • avoid career- and health-threatening frustration and burnout? The establishment and maintenance of safe and supportive classrooms that contribute to high quality student achievement are critical skills that are rarely taught at the university. Consequently, those skills must be crafted and honed “on the job.” Each school and each classroom presents its own unique challenges, and because every year brings a new group of students, teachers must become lifelong learners. The foundation of this learning lies in just a few research-supported principles and actions, TeachSafeSchools.com and the Melissa Institute for Violence Prevention and Treatment have condensed the information for ready consumption. Everything starts with TEACH: T.E.A.C.H. T – Tailor for diversity. Make it a point to know as much as possible about your students, including their diverse cultural, ethnic, behavioral, and learning characteristics, along with stressors they may experience outside of school. E – Encourage positive behavior. Aim for a 4:1 ratio of positive comments to negative corrections for all the students. A – Arrange the environment for success. Teach your behavioral expectations directly and immediately through collaboratively-established classroom rules and well designed classroom routines. C – Consult your peers. Seek collaboration with experienced teachers and...
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...Bullying at School What is Bullying and How Does It Differ in Boys and Girls? What is bullying?1 * An intentional act. The child who bullies wants to harm the victim; it is no accident. * Characterized by repeat occurrences. Bullying is not generally considered a random act, nor a single incident. * A power differential. A fight between two kids of equal power is not bullying; bullying is a fight where the child who bullies has some advantage or power over the child who is victimized. Strategies students use to bully others:1 * Physical - hitting, kicking, beating up, pushing, spitting, property damage, and/or theft. * Verbal - teasing, mocking, name calling, verbal humiliation, verbal intimidation, threats, coercion, extortion, and/or racist, sexist or homophobic taunts. * Social - gossip, rumor spreading, embarrassment, alienation or exclusion from the group, and/or setting the other up to take the blame. * Cyber or electronic - using the Internet, email or text messaging to threaten, hurt, single out, embarrass, spread rumors, and/or reveal secrets about others. Bullying and gender:2 * Boys tend to be physically aggressive. * Boys may be more accepting of bullying than girls. * Boys are more likely to both bully and be bullied than girls. * Girls tend to bully other girls indirectly through peer groups. Rather than bully a targeted child directly, girls more often share with others hurtful information about the targeted child...
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...Valencia Professor Weiss Research draft 10/25/10 Over the years standardized testing has played a major role on education. Preparation for these test has become important for teachers since a student may take a least one standardized test per year. And therein lies the problem; relying heavily on standardized test, whether or not these test actually have reliable scores and are worth the extensive focus. Standardized test negatively affect student learning because they focus on certain topics and generate unreliable test scores due to certain factors. These factors include limitation of creativity, narrowing of curriculum, use of outdated methods, repetition, race and gender. In my research I have found significant data supporting my views. But first it is important to understand what standardized tests are. Standardized tests are different from other testing because they have uniform procedure. This means that they have the same time limits, fixed set of questions, and the scoring is also carefully outlined and uniform. Standardized test are usually scored objectively but there can be some questions such as a short answer question or personality questions which can be scored differently. Almost all test can be classified as informal or formal; a test given and create by a teacher is informal, but a standardized test is classified as formal (Mehrens and Lehmannn). There are certain characteristics a test must have to be a standardized test...
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...imperative that each student get the proper education and respective needs that they each deserve while in the classroom to ensure that the schools are committed to providing a better way of life for our future. Since there are so many students in one classroom it becomes difficult for teachers to work individually with each child. Recent research shows electronics to have a significant impact on student’s academic behavior in the classroom and at home. Techniques for creating an environment for students to advance in would be incorporating technology into their everyday hands on structured learning environment. With all the new technologies out there today from cell phones, to iPads it is extremely rare to see a child who is not plugged into technology. Just from looking around and watching children advance in computer or video games it is safe to say that technology has some form of lasting effect on the way children in this generation learn. If that same technology is put into the classroom environment of each child maybe just maybe there would be a positive change in the outcome of a students learning. ("Teen Ink", 2011). Technologies such as Smartboards are interactive computerized chalkboards. This device allows students and teachers to participate as they would in a normal classroom except with the ability to save lesson plans written on the Smartboard just as you would save items on a computer. Teachers struggle with being able to keep students attention over long periods...
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...of heterotopic space suggests that the young drawer visits his own imaginary space while doodling. This is a place where the child is free to imagine, free to choose, and free to express. Deleuzian’s and Guattarian’s concept suggests the child be free to be chaotic and unpredictable. Being able to dream allows the child to disconnect from the work and make his own connections. Examining and interacting with a child and his artwork can give us insight to emotional, cognitive, and physical development to the child. To a small child, scribbling can aid in muscle coordination, emotional release and social interaction. As an adult may see scribbles, the child sees whatever his imagination wants to see. Allowing a child to make decisions and have some control, gives them a sense of autonomy, which is important for the child’s emotional development. Social interaction when the child shares drawings with other children or adults is also important for social development. 2). Kleeck A and...
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...An administrator and a teacher both have important roles in making sure the schools program is reflected daily in the classroom. An administrator determines what the school programs offers children and their families. Some school programs may offer a theme based curricula that relies on the administrator to assist teachers with creating engaging lessons that supports all areas of the child development and the program purpose. Teachers are allowed to be flexible in their creation of their lesson plans. Regardless of how the themes or topics are selected, the early childhood administrator must continually review and monitor the curriculum plans that teachers select or create, making sure that the curriculum is aligned with the program's philosophy(Gadzikowski, A., 2013). Ole Faithful program curriculum allows teachers to create their own lesson plans based on the theme for the week but it is reviewed by the administrator before it is applied in the classroom. Teachers play such an important role in helping making sure that the programs curriculum is implemented. If math is an integral part of a programs curriculum then the administrator will create opportunities for teachers to teach the appropriate skill with the appropriate materials. A teacher’s role includes giving input on what materials and activities that may be beneficial to teaching their students how to count. Among the school staff, teachers spend the most time with the students which are why teachers are a vital part...
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...definition of overweight is having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water, or a combination of these factors (CDC, 2011). Based on research it is clear that the development of healthy eating habits starts with parental style, relationships, and how a family manages and functions that may help reduce childhood obesity. There are many health issues among obese children and adolescents that range from type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, social discrimination, and heart disease. All of these issues mentioned can be detrimental in self-esteem and depression. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 17 percent of U.S. children ages two to nineteen years are overweight (Kuczmarski et al. 2002) and nearly another 17 percent are at risk for overweight. The psychosocial risks in obese children can hinder academic and social functioning and these children are targets for social discrimination. In comparison to obese girls and boys to non-obese girls and boys were less likely to hang out with friends, have more emotional problems and feelings of hopelessness (Falkner et al., 2001). It is evident that obesity has a negative impact on children and adolescents. Addressing the strategies of childhood obesity within familial environments and schools can have a major impact on children and how they can learn how to combat childhood obesity. Another concern in...
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...(Spring 2003). Observation Report Kelly Koss Note to the reader: The names within this paper have been modified to protect the identities of the children involved in my observations. Observation #1: “John” and aggression Date and time: Wednesday April 16, 2003; 11:25-12:50 Setting: Playground for 1st/2nd grade recess 11:25-11:50, 3rd/4th grade 11:55-12:20, Kindergarten recess 12:25-12:50 Activities observed: Children climbing across the climbing rings, watching children pretend play at the tire mountain and under the large wooden play structure with the blue plastic slide. My interaction with the children: I spent a lot of time answering questions about my name and where I am from for the children. Example A: There was one child named “John” on the first recess who was racing across the rings with another child, lost the race and fell to the ground. He then started to cry and called himself a loser. I pulled him aside to try to talk to him to find out what was wrong. He kept telling me that he was a loser because he didn’t win the race and he never wins, and that “all my friends think I am a loser because I cry all the time. They make fun of me because I cry. They beat me up. I am a loser.” I tried to reassure him and tell him I did not think he was a loser. I explained how I thought one of the reasons he lost the race was because he had been climbing across the rings for most of recess was tired from racing. He continued to cry even after his friends came over and tried to get...
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...Co-requisites: Nil Restrictions: COMM333 Contact Hours: Online lectures plus 1 hour of tutorial (up to week 6) and 2 hours of computer lab (from week 7 up to week 13) Online Subject Material: The lecture material for COMM331 is all online. Students can access online materials via Moodle. COMM331 is supported by a UOW Libguide available at http://uow.libguides.com/index Teaching Staff Teaching Role Name Coordinator, Lecturer and Dr Belinda Gibbons Tutor Telephone Email 42215824 bgibbons@uow.edu.au Room Consultation Times 40.247 Wednesday 10:30 - 12:30 Thursday 13:30 - 15:30 Head Tutor Ms Natalie Akmacic NA akmacic@uow.edu.au NA TBA Tutor Ms Jinqi Xu NA vivenx@uow.edu.au NA TBA Tutor Mr Viktor Tomeski NA viktor@uow.edu.au NA TBA Tutor Ms Lynda Lorkovic NA lbricevs@uow.edu.au NA TBA Tutor Ms Nadeera Ranabahu Mudiyanselage NA nadeera@uow.edu.au NA COMM331 Subject Outline Autumn, 2016 TBA Page 1 of 21 Email Etiquette: Consultation with your subject coordinator and/or teachers via email Your teachers receive many emails each day. In order to enable them to respond to your emails appropriately and in a timely fashion, students are asked to observe basic requirements of professional communication: Consider what the communication is about • • • Is your question addressed elsewhere (e.g. in this subject outline or, where applicable, on the subject's eLearning...
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...2014). Childhood Obesity is not limited to the United States it is becoming more of a problem for every child all over the world. Childhood obesity is defined as having excess body fat, and being overweight means that having excess body weight from fat, muscle, bone water or a combination of these factors (CDC, 2013). A way to determine if a child is overweight is by using the body mass index chart. This chart can determine if a child is at an unhealthy weight, healthy weight, overweight, or obese (CDC, 2013). There are many health issues for those who are overweight or obese such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and more. There has been a lot of research conducted on childhood obesity from kindergarten to middle school, whether or not appetite is linked to obesity, and whether or not children should have bariatric surgery to remove the fat. Obesity is a major problem because it causes many health problems. Children that are overweight or obese are more likely to suffer from high blood pressure or high cholesterol (CDC, 2013). In a sample of obese children 70% hat at least one risk for cardiovascular disease (CDC, 2013). Children who suffer from obesity are also more likely to suffer from joint and bone problems (CDC, 2013). Being overweight or obese also leads to an increased risk of cancer which includes breast cancer, thyroid cancer, colon and more (CDC, 2013). A new study showed that of more than 7,000 children who were overweight in kindergarten were obese...
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