...intensive, large scale industrial project based on the philosophy of import substitution to small scale industries with immense potentials for developing domestic linkages for rapid, sustainable industrial development. Apart from their potential for ensuring a self reliant industrialization, in terms of ability to rely largely on local raw materials, small scale enterprises are also in a better position to boost employ raw materials, small and medium enterprise, are also in a better position to boost employment, guarantee a more even distribution of industrial development in the country, including the rural areas, and facilitate the growth of non-oil exports. In Nigeria, the definition of small and medium enterprises also varies from time to time and according to institutions, for instance, the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) monetary policy circular No:27 of 1988 define small scale enterprises (excluding general commerce) as enterprises in which total investment (including land and working capital) did not exceed #500,000 and or the annual turn-over did not exceed #5.0 million. Medium enterprise (excluding general commerce) as enterprises in which total investment and not exceed #1,000,0000 (1 million) and the annual turnover did not exceed #1.2 million. Small scale enterprises is one of the modern strategies underdeveloped countries are employing to break into the “league” of developed countries. Fasua (2006:85) categorized business that fall under small scale as follows firewood...
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...AN ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS INFLUENCING PERFORMANCE OF SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES IN UGANDA: A CASE STUDY OF KITGUM TOWN COUNCIL BY AYOO ESTER ESO9BO5/028 DISSERTATION SUBMMITTED TO FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND ADMINISTRATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE AWARD OF A BACHELORS DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION OF UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY May 2012 DECLARATION I Ayoo Ester do solemnly declare to the best of my knowledge and ability that this Dissertation was prepared by me and never has it been presented to Uganda Christian University or any other institution of higher learning for the award of a degree. Signature………………………….Date………………… AYOO ESTER ESO9BO5/O28 i APPROVAL This research report has been submitted for examination with my approval as the candidate’s supervisor. Sign................................... Mrs Nsiyona Elsie The University supervisor Date.................... ii DEDICATION I dedicate my Research proposal to my beloved Daddy Mr. ORYEMA HENRY MILLY, my Uncle Mr. ONEKALIT KENNTH OBITO, My Mum, my dear friends Brenda, Sharon, Beatrice, Jackie, Dick, Gilbert, Julius, Allan, Moreen, Alex, Odong and also my sisters and brothers for their love and support, who in one way or the other supported me morally, physically, materially and financially in ensuring that my future is a success. May GOD bless...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING Every industry operates within two sets of constraints. Internal constraints are those problems within the organization and over which the enterprise has reasonable amount of control. Personnel problem, capacity utilization and the techniques or process of production are some of such factors. External factors could pose formidable problems to an enterprise. The problems are made more severe by the fact that these problems are caused by factors outside the competence of a given enterprise to control. Examples of such factors are government regulation, traditional or cultural values etc. The bakery industry in Nigeria has been a victim of externally imposed constraint. Hitherto, bakers depended on local millers who produced their vital raw materials, flour from imported wheat. Government banned the importation of wheat and wheat product in 1986, thereby, sending shock waves to this very well established and expanding industry. Wheat products has started to consume an unacceptable amount of the nation’s foreign exchange as the table 1.1.1 below clearly demonstrates, as well as figure 1.1.1 in page 3. Table 1.1.1 Foreign Exchange Spent on Wheat and Food Import 1981 – 1985 Import 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 N,000 N,000 N,000 N,000 N,000 Total food 1,820,215 1,642,245 1,296,714 843,246 946,567 Wheat 159,422 79,629 255,717 243,067 327,870 C/o of total 9% 5% 20% 29% 35%` Source: Federal Office of Statistics...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING Every industry operates within two sets of constraints. Internal constraints are those problems within the organization and over which the enterprise has reasonable amount of control. Personnel problem, capacity utilization and the techniques or process of production are some of such factors. External factors could pose formidable problems to an enterprise. The problems are made more severe by the fact that these problems are caused by factors outside the competence of a given enterprise to control. Examples of such factors are government regulation, traditional or cultural values etc. The bakery industry in Nigeria has been a victim of externally imposed constraint. Hitherto, bakers depended on local millers who produced their vital raw materials, flour from imported wheat. Government banned the importation of wheat and wheat product in 1986, thereby, sending shock waves to this very well established and expanding industry. Wheat products has started to consume an unacceptable amount of the nation’s foreign exchange as the table 1.1.1 below clearly demonstrates, as well as figure 1.1.1 in page 3. Table 1.1.1 Foreign Exchange Spent on Wheat and Food Import 1981 – 1985 Import 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 N,000 N,000 N,000 N,000 N,000 Total food 1,820,215 1,642,245 1,296,714 843,246 946,567 Wheat 159,422 79,629 255,717 243,067 327,870 C/o of total 9% 5% 20% 29% 35%` Source: Federal Office of Statistics...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING Every industry operates within two sets of constraints. Internal constraints are those problems within the organization and over which the enterprise has reasonable amount of control. Personnel problem, capacity utilization and the techniques or process of production are some of such factors. External factors could pose formidable problems to an enterprise. The problems are made more severe by the fact that these problems are caused by factors outside the competence of a given enterprise to control. Examples of such factors are government regulation, traditional or cultural values etc. The bakery industry in Nigeria has been a victim of externally imposed constraint. Hitherto, bakers depended on local millers who produced their vital raw materials, flour from imported wheat. Government banned the importation of wheat and wheat product in 1986, thereby, sending shock waves to this very well established and expanding industry. Wheat products has started to consume an unacceptable amount of the nation’s foreign exchange as the table 1.1.1 below clearly demonstrates, as well as figure 1.1.1 in page 3. Table 1.1.1 Foreign Exchange Spent on Wheat and Food Import 1981 – 1985 Import 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 N,000 N,000 N,000 N,000 N,000 Total food 1,820,215 1,642,245 1,296,714 843,246 946,567 Wheat 159,422 79,629 255,717 243,067 327,870 C/o of total 9% 5% 20% 29% 35%` Source: Federal Office of...
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...BI-WEEKLY ASSESSMENT Question 2: "The study of international business is fine if you are going to work in a large multinational enterprise, but it has no relevance for individuals who are going to work in small firms." Evaluate this statement. Introduction With the evolution of society, the phenomenon of globalization has gradually emerged in the field of economy, environment and culture. As a part of economy globalization, close economic connection between countries is bridged by means of international business. In terms of the study of international business, some people assess that it is solely positive for those who intend to work in a large multinational corporation instead of in small company whereas others insist that both international business plays a crucial role in the development of large-scale and small-scale enterprises. Therefore, this essay will argue that international business brings about benefits to individuals whoever are engaged in the big firm as well small one. Development In some circumstances, the size of the company has turned to be one of the obstacles when international business is expected to establish. According to Aaby and Slater (cited in Abdul-Talib et al. 2011, p. 6), small enterprises are more likely to lose international collaboration opportunities than large firms as there are insufficient resources and capabilities to develop export internationally in small-scale company. Similarly, it is shown that the organization would prefer to...
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...of other e-commerce platforms such as Just Eat. Firstly, one reason why established brands have a head start in order to make the most out of the growth opportunities presented by e-commerce is because they have the access to the finance available to involve themselves in the e-commerce world. These established brands have the capital to start up, develop or even improve their own e-commerce platforms. These firms, for example can choose to improve their distribution and logistics network by investing in more capital and high skilled workers. This shows that the business is able to increase the quality of their delivery times and returns policy. This would lead to the satisfaction of customers as expectations for delivery times as well as returns have been more demanding, for example, having free returns rather than having to pay to send it back. An improved distribution and logistics network could lead to the business being able to absorb the costs if a customer wanted to return the product. This suggests that customers are more likely to make repeat purchases because there is no cost of returning the product if it doesn’t suit them. For example, Sainsbury’s had offered £1.4bn to buy and control Argos. It argues that buying Argos would help to increase its sales growth and improve its distribution and logistics network. According to figures from Kantar...
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...What constitutes a small business varies widely around the world. Small businesses are normally privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships. What constitutes "small" in terms of government support and tax policy varies by country and by industry, ranging from fewer than 15 employees under the Australian “Fair Work Act 2009”, 50 employees according to the definition used by the European Union, and fewer than 500 employees to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs, although in 2006 there were over 18,000 "small businesses" with over 500 employees that accounted for half of all the employees employed by all "small business". Small businesses can also be classified according to other methods such as sales, assets, or net profits. Small businesses are common in many countries, depending on the economic system in operation. Typical examples include: convenience stores, other small shops (such as a bakery or delicatessen), hairdressers, tradesmen, lawyers, accountants, restaurants, guest houses, photographers, small-scale manufacturing, and online business, such as web design and programming, etc. Characteristics of small businesses Size definitions The European Union generally defines a small business as one that has fewer than 50 employees. However, in Australia, a small business is defined by the “Fair Work Act 2009” as one with fewer than 15 employees. By comparison, a medium sized business or mid-sized business has under 500 employees...
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...Teavana a Small Company Wanda Burgos Strayer University BUS 407 – Training and Development Prof. Kelly Thornton November 1, 2015 Teavana a Small Company The purpose of this training proposal is for a small shop Teavana. It is a small retail business that sells all source of tea products. They located at Florida Mall, in Orlando. The little shop devoted to present useful service to its customers, and it has the skill of keeping its supporters and vendors. It will analyze the difficulties that a manager is facing in addressing a few issues that the business is having. Strategic ways of Training The main important reason for training is to achieve the anticipated results. In other works, company use training to help a person that may need some help for understanding and skills to support them to reach their opportunities. First before any training. Teavana shop will be required to do training need analysis. The training needs analysis will facilities in making sure that the training that the employees obtain is in compliance with the performance requirements of the company (Toister, 2014). If not, the company can end up making worse the problem instead providing a solution to the problem. For example, an employee who is not in a good position to make tea within the given time, the manager may need to send the employee to take some classes that will help him with time management, he think doing this will help solve the problems. When the employee come back from his training...
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...PROLOGUE: An MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise) is defined by RBI/GOI differently for the Manufacturing and the Services Sector, as follows: * Manufacturing Sector: Manufacturing sector refers to enterprises engaged in manufacture or production, processing or preservation of goods. The definition of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises under the manufacturing sector is as below: | | * A micro enterprise is an enterprise where investment in plant and machinery does not exceed Rs.25 lakh; | | * A small enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in plant and machinery is more than Rs.25 lakh but does not exceed Rs.5 crore; and | | * A medium enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in plant and machinery is more than Rs.5 crore but does not exceed Rs.10 crore. | * Services Sector: Services sector refers to enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services. These will include small road & water transport operators, small business and professional & self-employed.The definition of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises under the services sector is as below: | | * A microenterprise is an enterprise where the investment in equipment does not exceed Rs.10 lakh; | | * A smallenterprise is an enterprise where the investment in equipment is more than Rs.10 lakh but does not exceed Rs.2 crore; and | | * A medium enterprise is an enterprise where the investment in equipment is more than Rs.2 crore but does not...
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...ASSIGNMENT Submitted to: Mohammad A. Arafat Sr. Lecturer SB, IUB. Submitted by: Farzana Rubaya Id: 1230580 MGT (405) Sec: 01 Introduction : Small and medium-sized enterprises sometimes also called small and medium enterprises (SMEs) or small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are businesses whose personnel numbers fall below certain limits. These are the most common businesses found across most of the world’s economies. The World Bank Review on Small Business Activities establishes the commitment of the World Bank Group to the development of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector as a core element in its strategy to foster economic growth, employment and poverty alleviation. In the context of Bangladesh, the development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) can be considered as a vital instrument for poverty alleviation and ensure the rapid industrialization. So we can say that the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is indispensable for overall economic development of a country particularly for developing countries like Bangladesh. It has drawn a lot of interest among policy makers, academics, businessmen and people in general. Government of Bangladesh has highlighted the importance of SME in the Industrial Policy-2005. SMEs have been identified by the Ministry of Industries as a ‘thrust sector’. As the SME sector is labor intensive, it can create more employment opportunities. For this reason government of Bangladesh...
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...Franchises & Business Plans What is a franchise? Using examples from the real world, explain three advantages to the franchiser and to the franchisee. A franchise is where a business with a well-known brand name (the franchisor) lets a person (the franchisee) or a group of people set up their own business using that brand. This is in exchange for an initial fee and continuing royalty payments (a certain percentage of turnover or profit) for as long as the franchise lasts. A franchise is not a type of legal structure in itself. The liability for the person using the franchise depends on the how the business is established. A franchisee can choose which legal structure to adopt, although the franchisor may recommend a type. They have unlimited liability if they are in business as a sole trader or partnership but have limited liability if they set up the franchise as a company. Advantages for the franchiser: * The firm does not have to spend a large amount of money in order to expand * The products necessary for the franchise to operate are under the franchisers direct control * Issuing franchises should generate a continuous stream of revenue from franchisees who are determined to succeed Disadvantages for the franchiser: * The control it has over the product is not as great as if the business sold the product itself, bad publicity from a franchisee could affect the brand image * Franchisers have to offer continuous support, training and development and...
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...from traditional personnel, administration, and transactional roles, which are increasingly outsourced. HRM is now expected to add value to the strategic utilization of employees and that employee programs impact the business in measurable ways. The new role of HRM involves strategic direction and HRM metrics and measurements to demonstrate value. You will recall that the single proprietor usually goes into a business on a small scale, doing all the work himself or having at best only a few employees to help him. The small businessman is usually closely associated with his helpers. He is familiar with their work and perhaps knows something about their home relationships and personal problems. And likewise, employees in a small company usually “know the boss“ and may even be acquainted with members of his family. But as the business prospers and progresses, the proprietor discovers that he can no longer be personally be acquainted with each employee. In fact, in a large organization with several thousand employees, the management seldom knows more than a small fraction of the work force. But this does not mean that the top management or the owners have no interest in their employees’ welfare. It simply means that employer-employee relationship changes as a business grows or diversifies. Effective Employee Is one who has a genuine desire and interest to do the best possible job, and strives constantly to improve his performance. And hardly less important, he works effectively...
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...Market Analysis Summary The market for office cleaning in the Davao City area includes household subdivision, small offices (1-5 employees), medium offices (6-20 employees) and large offices (21 employees and up). In the Kansas City area, businesses with offices are growing as the service sector increases, with a net of 3,000 new businesses established in 2008. Due to the economic renewal occurring in this community, this growth is expected to continue over the next two years. Small offices are targeted as well as large, although margins will be lower due to the increased amount spent on sales and travel relative to medium and large offices, because many small businesses will expand, giving HH chores services a foothold in this market by the time competitors are willing to sell to them. Market Segmentation The market for HH chores services is comprised of small offices, medium offices and large offices in the Davao City area. Household Subdivisions: This group serves as the fundamental market and have the greater demands Small Offices: Either newly established ventures, or small businesses designed to remain small, few cleaning businesses seek to serve this market because of the cost in doing so. Therefore, business owners generally require employees to do their own cleaning, assuming they are saving money through this work. HH chores services must show these businesses not only that they do not save money by having employees do this work, but that by having professional...
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...1.0 introduction A small business is a business that is privately owned and operated, with a small number of employees and relatively low volume of sales. Small businesses are normally privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships. The legal definition of "small" varies by country and by industry, ranging from fewer than 15 employees under the Australian Fair Work Act 2009, 50 employees in the European Union, and fewer than 500 employees to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs. Small businesses can also be classified according to other methods such as sales, assets, or net profits. 1.1characteristics of a small business Not every small business eventually grows to the size of large corporation. Some businesses are ideally suited to operate on a small scale for years, often serving a local community and generating just enough profit to take care of company owners. Small-scale businesses display a distinct set of identifying characteristics that set them apart from their larger competitors. Revenue and Profitability Small-scale business revenue is generally lower than companies that operate on a larger scale. The Small Business Administration classifies small businesses as companies that bring in less than a specific amount of revenue, depending on the business type. Employees Small-scale businesses employ smaller teams of employees than companies that operate on larger scales. The smallest businesses are run entirely by single...
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